Simply specify whether you want the time to be greater, smaller, or equal to the time you want, using, respectively:

    find . -cmin +&lt;time&gt;
    find . -cmin -&lt;time&gt;
    find . -cmin  &lt;time&gt;

In your case, for example, the files with last edition in a maximum of 5 minutes, are given by:

    find . -cmin -5

If you have GNU find you can also say


    find . -newermt &#39;1 minute ago&#39;

The `t` options makes the reference &quot;file&quot; for `newer` become a reference date string of the sort that you could pass to GNU `date -d`, which understands complex date specifications like the one given above.

To find files accessed 1, 2, or 3 minutes ago use `-3`

    find . -cmin -3

If you know the file is in your current directory, I would use:

    ls -lt | head

This lists your most recently modified files and directories in order.  In fact, I use it so much I have it aliased to &#39;lh&#39;.

Do you know what the `reduce` array method does in TypeScript?
Can you provide a simple example of usage?

I searched on Google and the [TypeScript language specification][1] but could not find any decent explanation and examples.


  [1]: http://www.typescriptlang.org/Content/TypeScript%20Language%20Specification.pdf

TypeScript and array reduce function

How to add class attribute for following situation (Using ReturnUrl only):

    @using (Html.BeginForm(new { ReturnUrl = ViewBag.ReturnUrl }))
    {
    }

I want something like this: 

    @using (Html.BeginForm(new { ReturnUrl = ViewBag.ReturnUrl }, new { @class = &quot;login-form&quot; })) 
    {
    }

Adding CSS class to Html.BeginForm()

I always forget which file I edit one minutes ago, so I input `find . -cmin 1` or some other value but it worked exactly `1` minutes. I had to try `find . -ctime 2 /*or 3,4...*/`.

Then I find another approach which be better:

    touch -t 12251134 empty /*similar format which 5 or 10 minutes ago */
    find . -newer empty

I can use `date -d&#39;-5minutes&#39; +%m%d%H%M` caculate the time for me. I want to know if there is a simple way to find files accessed 1, 2 or 3... minutes ago.

How to find file accessed/created just few minutes ago

I always forget which file I edit one minutes ago, so I input <code>find . -cmin 1</code> or some other value but it worked exactly <code>1</code> minutes. I had to try <code>find . -ctime 2 /*or 3,4...*/</code>.
Then I find another approach which be better:
<pre><code class="hljs language-php">touch -t 12251134 empty /*similar format which 5 or 10 minutes ago */
find . -newer empty
</code></pre>
I can use <code>date -d'-5minutes' +%m%d%H%M</code> caculate the time for me. I want to know if there is a simple way to find files accessed 1, 2 or 3... minutes ago.

Constraints:  
1. Speed matters.  
2. I am allowed to ping once.  

I&#39;m debating whether to use Python or shellscripting. Is there a method faster than `bash`?

Here is the current code,

    for ip in $(seq int1 int2); do
        ping -c 1 xxx.xxx.xxx.$ip | grep &quot;bytes from&quot; &amp;
    done

Anything faster than this?

Fastest way to ping a network range and return responsive hosts?

I know there is the `/etc/group` file that lists all users groups.

I would like to know if there is a simple command to list all user group names in spite of parsing the world readable `/etc/group` file. I am willing to create an administrator web page that lists Linux accounts&#39; group names.

Is there a command to list all Unix group names?

I want to find files that end with `_peaks.bed`, but exclude files in the `tmp` and `scripts` folders.

My command is like this:

     find . -type f $ -name &quot;*_peaks.bed&quot; ! -name &quot;*tmp*&quot; ! -name &quot;*scripts*&quot; $

But it didn&#39;t work. The files in `tmp` and `script` folder will still be displayed.

Does anyone have ideas about this?

Use find command but exclude files in two directories

I have several text files in which I have introduced shell variables ($VAR1 or $VAR2 for instance).

I would like to take those files (one by one) and save them in new files where all variables would have been replaced.

To do this, I used the following shell script (found on StackOverflow):

    while read line
    do
        eval echo &quot;$line&quot; &gt;&gt; destination.txt
    done &lt; &quot;source.txt&quot;

This works very well on very basic files.

But on more complex files, the &quot;eval&quot; command does too much:

- Lines starting with &quot;#&quot; are skipped

- XML files parsing results in tons of errors

Is there a better way to do it? (in shell script... I know this is easily done with Ant for instance)

Kind regards


How to substitute shell variables in complex text files

I know that I can run a python script from my bash script using the following:

    python python_script.py

But what about if I wanted to pass a variable / argument to my python script from my bash script. How can I do that?

Basically bash will work out a filename and then python will upload it, but I need to send the filename from bash to python when I call it.

Call Python script from bash with argument

I&#39;m trying to set up my `PS1` prompt variable to dynamically choose a color.  To do this, I&#39;ve defined a bunch of local variables with color names:

    $ echo $Green
    \033[0;32m

but I was hoping to use those in dynamically assigning variables, but I can&#39;t figure out how to expand them properly:


    &gt; colorstr=&quot;\${$color}&quot;
    &gt; echo $colorstr
    ${Green}

I&#39;ve tried a dozen combinations of `eval`, `echo`, and double-quotes, and none seem to work.  The logical way (I thought) to expand the variable results in an error:

    &gt; colorstr=&quot;${$color}&quot;
    -bash: ${$color}: bad substitution

(for clarity I&#39;ve used `&gt;` instead of `$` for the prompt character, but I am using bash)

How can I expand that variable?  i.e., somehow get the word  &quot;Green&quot; to the value `\033[0;32m`?  And prefereably, have bash or the terminal parse that `\033[0;32m` as the color green too.

EDIT: I was mis-using `${!x}` and `eval echo $x` previously, so I&#39;ve accepted those as solutions.  For the (perhaps morbidly) curious, the functions and `PS1` variable are on this gist: https://gist.github.com/4383597

Bash expand variable in a variable

We can test if a directory is writable by the uid of the current process:

    if [ -w $directory ] ; then echo &#39;Eureka!&#39; ; fi

But can anyone suggest a way to test if a directory is writable by some *other* uid?

My scenario is that I am administering a MySQL Server instance, and I want to change the location of the slow-query log file temporarily.  I can do this by executing a MySQL command `SET GLOBAL slow_query_log_file=&#39;$new_log_filename&#39;` and then disable &amp; enable query logging to make `mysqld` start using that file.

But I&#39;d like my script to check that the uid of the `mysqld` process has permissions to create that new log file.  So I&#39;d like to do something like (pseudocode):

    $ if [ -w-as-mysql-uid `basename $new_log_filename` ] ; then echo &#39;Eureka!&#39; ; fi

But of course that&#39;s an imaginary test predicate.

*Clarification:*  I would like a solution that doesn&#39;t rely on `su` because I can&#39;t assume the user of my script has su privilege.

Test if a directory is writable by a given UID?

I would like know how I can read each line of a `csv` file from the second line to the end of file in a bash script.

I know how to read a file in bash:

    while read line
     do   
       echo -e &quot;$line\n&quot;
    done &lt; file.csv

But, I want to read the file starting from the second line to the end of the file. How can I achieve this?

how to read file from line x to the end of a file in bash

I am very new to making bash scripts, but my goal here is to take a .txt file I have and assign the string of words in the txt file to a variable. I have tried this (no clue if I am on the right track or not).

   

    #!/bin/bash
    FILE=&quot;answer.txt&quot;
    file1=&quot;cat answer.txt&quot;
    print $file1


When I run this, I get 

    Warning: unknown mime-type for &quot;cat&quot; -- using &quot;application/octet-stream&quot;
    Error: no such file &quot;cat&quot;
    Error: no &quot;print&quot; mailcap rules found for type &quot;text/plain&quot;

What can I do to make this work?

Edit**
When I change it to:

 

    #!/bin/bash
        FILE=&quot;answer.txt&quot;
        file1=$(cat answer.txt)
        print $file1

I get this instead:

    Warning: unknown mime-type for &quot;This&quot; -- using &quot;application/octet-stream&quot;
    Warning: unknown mime-type for &quot;text&quot; -- using &quot;application/octet-stream&quot;
    Warning: unknown mime-type for &quot;string&quot; -- using &quot;application/octet-stream&quot;
    Warning: unknown mime-type for &quot;should&quot; -- using &quot;application/octet-stream&quot;
    Warning: unknown mime-type for &quot;be&quot; -- using &quot;application/octet-stream&quot;
    Warning: unknown mime-type for &quot;a&quot; -- using &quot;application/octet-stream&quot;
    Warning: unknown mime-type for &quot;varible.&quot; -- using &quot;application/octet-stream&quot;
    Error: no such file &quot;This&quot;
    Error: no such file &quot;text&quot;
    Error: no such file &quot;string&quot;
    Error: no such file &quot;should&quot;
    Error: no such file &quot;be&quot;
    Error: no such file &quot;a&quot;
    Error: no such file &quot;varible.&quot;

When I enter cat answer.txt it prints out this text string should be a varible like it should but, I still can&#39;t get the bash to do that with the varible.

Need to assign the contents of a text file to a variable in a bash script

How do I make sure that all my background processes have finished execution before I exit my script (TCL/Bash).

I was thinking of writing all my background process pids to a pidfile. And then at the end pgrep the pidfile to see if any processes are still running before I exit. 

Is there some simpler way to do this? And is there a TCL specific way to do this?

Waiting for background processes to finish before exiting script

Using iTerm2 with zsh and it isn&#39;t recognizing my aliases. Sometimes I have to work in an IDE and can&#39;t just easily vim something and the stupid people thought it a good idea to name their applications like MyReallyLongApplicationName.app and since .html files open by default in browsers, I have to:

    open -a MyReallyLongApplicationName.app something.html

I have an alias in my .zshrc like:

    alias ide=&quot;open -a MyReallyLongApplicationName.app&quot;

But zsh won&#39;t recognize my aliases. I tried another one just to see if it was me but none of the aliases I create are recognized. Just get &quot;zsh: command not found: ide&quot; or whatever.

So I&#39;m not sure what I&#39;m doing wrong and I&#39;ve been searching around all day trying to fix things in zsh and the like. As a note, I&#39;m not a pro at Linux/Unix systems so if you&#39;re too technical and vague I probably won&#39;t understand what you&#39;re telling me.

Thanks!

ZSH not recognizing my aliases?

I have a tar.gz-file with the following structure:

    folder1/img.gif
    folder2/img2.gif
    folder3/img3.gif

I want to extract the image files without the folder hierarchy so the extracted result looks like:

    /img.gif
    /img2.gif
    /img3.gif

I need to do this with a combination of Unix and PHP. Here is what I have so far, it works to extract them to the specified directory but keeps the folder hierarchy:

    exec(&#39;gtar --keep-newer-files -xzf images.tgz -C /home/user/public_html/images/&#39;,$ret);


How do I extract files without folder structure using tar

What can cause a `Resource temporarily unavailable` error on a socket `send()` command? The socket is setup as `AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM`. It works most of the time, but occasionally gets this error. The receiving end of the socket appears to be working properly.

I know this isn&#39;t very detailed, but I&#39;m just looking for general ideas. Thanks!

What can cause a “Resource temporarily unavailable” on sock send() command

I have a simple C program that forks a process and then runs an executable. 

I want to attach the child process to gdb. 

I run the main program in a console and open another console to find the pid of the child process, then I start gdb with the following command:

    gdb attach 12271

where `12271` is the child process id, but the attach fails with:

    No such file or directory.

Any idea why?


How to attach a process in gdb

Is there any way to `find and replace text string automatically in all folder&#39;s files`?


Sublime text 2 - find and replace globally ( all files and in all directories )

I need to check if a string is present in a list, and call a function which accepts a boolean accordingly.

Is it possible to achieve this with a one liner?

The code below is the best I could get:

    val strings = List(&quot;a&quot;, &quot;b&quot;, &quot;c&quot;)
    val myString = &quot;a&quot;
    
    strings.find(x=&gt;x == myString) match {
      case Some(_) =&gt; myFunction(true)
      case None =&gt; myFunction(false)
    }

I&#39;m sure it&#39;s possible to do this with less coding, but I don&#39;t know how!

Scala check if element is present in a list

I want to rename all files and directories that contain the word &quot;special&quot; to &quot;regular&quot;. It should maintain case sensitivity so &quot;Special&quot; won&#39;t become &quot;regular&quot;.

How can i do this in bash recursively? 

Rename files and directories recursively under ubuntu /bash

I know about `islower` and `isupper`, but can you check whether or not that character is a letter?
For Example:
```python
&gt;&gt;&gt; s = &#39;abcdefg&#39;
&gt;&gt;&gt; s2 = &#39;123abcd&#39;
&gt;&gt;&gt; s3 = &#39;abcDEFG&#39;
&gt;&gt;&gt; s[0].islower()
True

&gt;&gt;&gt; s2[0].islower()
False

&gt;&gt;&gt; s3[0].islower()
True
```

Is there any way to just ask if it is a character besides doing `.islower()` or `.isupper()`?





Content Type	Original Author	Original Content on Stackoverflow
Question	yuan	View Question on Stackoverflow
Solution 1 - Linux	Rubens	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 2 - Linux	sorpigal	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 3 - Linux	Tad	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 4 - Linux	timidpueo	View Answer on Stackoverflow

How to find file accessed/created just few minutes ago

Linux Problem Overview

Linux Solutions

Solution 1 - Linux

Solution 2 - Linux

Solution 3 - Linux

Solution 4 - Linux

Adding CSS class to Html.BeginForm()

TypeScript and array reduce function

Attributions