How to cd into a directory with space in the name?
BashCygwinCdBash Problem Overview
I'm attempting to get into the directory /cygdrive/c/Users/my dir/Documents
:
$ DOCS="/cygdrive/c/Users/my\ dir/Documents"
$ echo $DOCS
/cygdrive/c/Users/my\ dir/Documents
$ cd $DOCS
-bash: cd: /cygdrive/c/Users/my\: No such file or directory
$ cd /cygdrive/c/Users/my\ dir/Documents
(success)
When I manually type it in, the backspace does its escape character thing, but not when I use parameter expansion with the variable DOCS
.
I tried other variations such as no backslash.
$ DOCS=/cygdrive/c/Users\ dir/Documents
$ echo $DOCS
/cygdrive/c/Users/my dir/Documents
$ cd $DOCS
-bash: cd: /cygdrive/c/Users/my: No such file or directory
or
$ DOCS="/cygdrive/c/Users/my dir/Documents"
$ echo $DOCS
/cygdrive/c/Users/my dir/Documents
$ cd $DOCS
-bash: cd: /cygdrive/c/Users/my: No such file or directory
The same happens for $HOME
:
$ echo $HOME
/home/my dir
cd $HOME
doesn't work either. Quotes must be put around it.
What the heck:
$ DOCS="\"/cygdrive/c/Users/my dir/Documents\""
$ echo $DOCS
"/cygdrive/c/Users/my dir/Documents"
$ cd $DOCS
-bash: cd: "/cygdrive/c/Users/my: No such file or directory
Bash Solutions
Solution 1 - Bash
$ cd "$DOCS"
You need to quote "$DOCS"
to prevent spaces from being parsed as word separators. More often than not, variable references should be quoted.
Note that $HOME
would have the same problem. The issue is coming from when the shell evaluates variable references; it's nothing to do with what variables you use or how you assign to them. It's the expansion that needs to be quoted.
$ echo $HOME
/home/my dir
This is deceptive. echo
is actually echoing the two strings /home/my
and dir
. If you use cd
or ls
you'll see how it's actually working.
$ ls $HOME
ls: cannot access /home/my: No such file or directory
ls: cannot access dir: No such file or directory
$ cd $HOME
bash: cd: /home/my: No such file or directory
$ cd "$HOME"
<success!>
> Can I ask why it works when I manually type it in but not in a variable?
Great question! Let's examine the commands you typed:
$ DOCS="\"/cygdrive/c/Users/my dir/Documents\""
$ echo $DOCS
"/cygdrive/c/Users/my dir/Documents"
$ cd $DOCS
-bash: cd: "/cygdrive/c/Users/my: No such file or directory
The reason this doesn't work is because Bash doesn't parse quotes inside variable expansions. It does perform word splitting, so whitespace in unquoted variable expansions is taken as word separators. It doesn't parse quotes in any way, meaning you can't put double quotes inside a variable to override word splitting.
$ cd $DOCS
Because of this, cd
is passed two parameters. As far as cd
knows it looks like you wrote:
$ cd '"/cygdrive/c/Users/my' 'dir/Documents"'
Two parameters, with double quotes intact.
Solution 2 - Bash
SOLUTION:
cd "Documents and Photos"
problem solved.
The reason I'm submitting this answer is you'll find that StackOverflow is being used by every day users (not just web devs, programmers or power users) and this was the number one result for a simple Windows user question on Google.
People are becoming more tech-savvy, but aren't necessarily familiar with command line in the cases above.
Solution 3 - Bash
$ DOCS="/cygdrive/c/Users/my\ dir/Documents"
Here's your first problem. This puts an actual backslash character into $DOCS
, as you can see by running this command:
$ echo "$DOCS"
/cygdrive/c/Users/my\ `
When defining DOCS
, you do need to escape the space character. You can quote the string (using either single or double quotes) or you can escape just the space character with a backslash. You can't do both. (On most Unix-like systems, you can have a backslash in a file or directory name, though it's not a good idea. On Cygwin or Windows, \
is a directory delimiter. But I'm going to assume the actual name of the directory is my dir
, not my\ dir
.)
$ cd $DOCS
This passes two arguments to cd
. The first is cygdrive/c/Users/my\
, and the second is dir/Documents
. It happens that cd
quietly ignores all but its first argument, which explains the error message:
-bash: cd: /cygdrive/c/Users/my\: No such file or directory
To set $DOCS
to the name of your Documents
directory, do any one of these:
$ DOCS="/cygdrive/c/Users/my dir/Documents"
$ DOCS='/cygdrive/c/Users/my dir/Documents'
$ DOCS=/cygdrive/c/Users/my\ dir/Documents
Once you've done that, to change to your Documents
directory, enclose the variable reference in double quotes (that's a good idea for any variable reference in bash, unless you're sure the value doesn't have any funny characters):
$ cd "$DOCS"
You might also consider giving that directory a name without any spaces in it -- though that can be hard to do in general on Windows.
Solution 4 - Bash
To change to a directory with spaces on the name you just have to type like this:
cd My\ Documents
Hit enter and you will be good
Solution 5 - Bash
Use quotes!
cd "Name of Directory"
Or you can go to the file explorer and click "copy path" in the top left corner!
Solution 6 - Bash
Why not put the following in your .cshrc
(or .bashrc
, or whatever your default shell is):
alias mydoc 'cd "/cygdrive/c/Users/my dir/Documents"'
First time you do this, you have to do
source .cshrc
to update the shell with this new alias, then you can type
mydoc
anytime you want to cd
to your directory.
Laziness is the mother of invention...
Solution 7 - Bash
If you want to move from c:\
and you want to go to c:\Documents and settings
, write on console: c:\Documents\[space]+tab
and cygwin will autocomplete it as c:\Documents\ and\ settings/
Solution 8 - Bash
Cygwin has issue recognizing space in between the PC name. So to solve this, you have to use "" after the first word then include the space, then the last name.
such as ".../my\ dir/"
$ cd /cygdrive/c/Users/my\ dir/Documents
Another interesting and simple way to do it, is to put the directory in quotation marks ("")
e.g run it as follows:
$ cd c:
$ cd Users
$ cd "my dir"
$ cd Documents
Hope it works?
Solution 9 - Bash
try
DOCS="/cygdrive/c/Users/my\ dir/Documents";
cd "$DOCS"
Solution 10 - Bash
ok i spent some frustrating time with this problem too. My little guide.
Open desktop for example. If you didnt switch your disc in cmd, type:
cd desktop
Now if you want to display subfolders:
cd, make 1 spacebar, and press tab 2 times
Now if you want to enter directory/file with SPACE IN NAME. Lets open some file name f.g., to open it we need to type:
cd file\ name
p.s. notice this space after slash :)
Solution 11 - Bash
Use the backslash symbol (\
) to escape the space:
C:\> cd my folder
will be
C:\> cd my\ folder
Solution 12 - Bash
METHOD1: With Quotes
> cd "C:/Prgram Files (x86)"
>
> cd 'C:/Program Files (x86)'
>
>Generalised
>
> cd 'Folder Path'
Method2: Without using Quotes
>cd Program\ Files \(x86\)
>
>Generalised
Whenever we want to skip next character we use blackslash \
.
For the above question:
cd /cygdrive/c/Users/my\ dir/Documents
Solution 13 - Bash
As an alternative to using quotes, for a directory you want to go to often, you could use the cdable_vars
shell option:
shopt -s cdable_vars
docs='/cygdrive/c/Users/my dir/Documents'
Now, to change into that directory from anywhere, you can use
cd docs
and the shell will indicate which directory it changed to:
$ cd docs
/cygdrive/c/Users/my dir/Documents
Solution 14 - Bash
The approaches discussed here don't work for aliases in a consistent basis - adding/not adding quotes etc.
E.g. if I have a directory variable like dir_with_spaces='path of the directory with spaces'
, it is not possible to directly use alias new_dir='cd $dir_with_spaces/subdirectory'.
As an alternative, it would be useful to create a custom function that adds quotes around the cd, and then use this custom function instead.
cdwq() # Custom cd to support directories with spaces in the name by adding quotes around it
{
local folder_path=$1
cd "${folder_path}"
}
Now, it is possible to use this custom function with any directory variable.
dir_with_spaces='path of the directory with spaces'
dir_without_spaces='path_of_the_directory_without_spaces'
alias new_dir1='cdwq $dir_with_spaces/subdirectory1'
alias new_dir2='cdwq $dir_with_spaces/subdirectory2'
alias new_dir3='cdwq $dir_without_spaces/subdirectory3'
alias new_dir4='cdwq $dir_without_spaces/subdirectory4'
alias new_dir5='cdwq $dir_with_spaces/subdirectory5'
Solution 15 - Bash
If there is space inside dir name, you can use wild card character (?
or *
) in place of space & wrap the directory name in double-quotes.
Example - in the below path, "Program Files" has space inside -
/mnt/c/Program Files$ JAVA_HOME=/mnt/c/"Program?Files"/Java/jdk-11.0.12
/mnt/c/Program Files$ cd $JAVA_HOME
/mnt/c/Program Files/Java/jdk-11.0.12$
Solution 16 - Bash
Instead of:
DOCS="/cygdrive/c/Users/my\ dir/Documents"
Try:
DOCS="/cygdrive/c/Users/my dir/Documents"
This should work on any POSIX system.