How to apply multiple transforms in CSS?

CssCss Transforms

Css Problem Overview


Using CSS, how can I apply more than one transform?

Example: In the following, only the translation is applied, not the rotation.

li:nth-child(2) {
    transform: rotate(15deg);
	transform: translate(-20px,0px);		
}

Css Solutions


Solution 1 - Css

You have to put them on one line like this:

li:nth-child(2) {
    transform: rotate(15deg) translate(-20px,0px);
}

When you have multiple transform directives, only the last one will be applied. It's like any other CSS rule.


Keep in mind multiple transform one line directives are applied from right to left.

This: transform: scale(1,1.5) rotate(90deg);
and: transform: rotate(90deg) scale(1,1.5);

will not produce the same result:

.orderOne, .orderTwo {
  font-family: sans-serif;
  font-size: 22px;
  color: #000;
  display: inline-block;
}

.orderOne {
  transform: scale(1, 1.5) rotate(90deg);
}

.orderTwo {
  transform: rotate(90deg) scale(1, 1.5);
}

<div class="orderOne">
  A
</div>

<div class="orderTwo">
  A
</div>

Solution 2 - Css

I'm adding this answer not because it's likely to be helpful but just because it's true.

In addition to using the existing answers explaining how to make more than one translation by chaining them, you can also construct the 4x4 matrix yourself

I grabbed the following image from some random site I found while googling which shows rotational matrices:

Rotation around x axis: Rotation around x axis
Rotation around y axis: Rotation around y axis
Rotation around z axis: Rotation around z axis

I couldn't find a good example of translation, so assuming I remember/understand it right, translation:

[1 0 0 0]
[0 1 0 0]
[0 0 1 0]
[x y z 1]

See more at the Wikipedia article on transformation as well as the Pragamatic CSS3 tutorial which explains it rather well. Another guide I found which explains arbitrary rotation matrices is Egon Rath's notes on matrices

Matrix multiplication works between these 4x4 matrices of course, so to perform a rotation followed by a translation, you make the appropriate rotation matrix and multiply it by the translation matrix.

This can give you a bit more freedom to get it just right, and will also make it pretty much completely impossible for anyone to understand what it's doing, including you in five minutes.

But, you know, it works.

Edit: I just realized that I missed mentioning probably the most important and practical use of this, which is to incrementally create complex 3D transformations via JavaScript, where things will make a bit more sense.

Solution 3 - Css

You can also apply multiple transforms using an extra layer of markup e.g.:

<h3 class="rotated-heading">
    <span class="scaled-up">Hey!</span>
</h3>
<style type="text/css">
.rotated-heading
{
    transform: rotate(10deg);
}

.scaled-up
{
    transform: scale(1.5);
}
</style>

This can be really useful when animating elements with transforms using Javascript.

Solution 4 - Css

You can apply more than one transform like this:

li:nth-of-type(2){
    transform : translate(-20px, 0px) rotate(15deg);
}

Solution 5 - Css

Some time in the future, we can write it like this:

li:nth-child(2) {
    rotate: 15deg;
    translate:-20px 0px;        
}

This will become especially useful when applying individual classes on an element:

<div class="teaser important"></div>

.teaser{rotate:10deg;}
.important{scale:1.5 1.5;}

This syntax is defined in the in-progress CSS Transforms Level 2 specification, but can't find anything about current browser support other then chrome canary. Hope some day i'll come back and update browser support here ;)

Found the info in this article which you might want to check out regarding workarounds for current browsers.

UPDATE: feature has landed in firefox 72

Solution 6 - Css

Just start from there that in CSS, if you repeat 2 values or more, always last one gets applied, unless using !important tag, but at the same time avoid using !important as much as you can, so in your case that's the problem, so the second transform override the first one in this case...

So how you can do what you want then?...

Don't worry, transform accepts multiple values at the same time... So this code below will work:

li:nth-child(2) {
  transform: rotate(15deg) translate(-20px, 0px); //multiple
}

If you like to play around with transform run the iframe from MDN below:

<iframe src="https://interactive-examples.mdn.mozilla.net/pages/css/transform.html" class="interactive  " width="100%" frameborder="0" height="250"></iframe>

Look at the link below for more info:

<< CSS transform >>

Solution 7 - Css

Lesson I`ve learnt.

If you are using style's React css, don't include semicolons, even in the end of it because it is included automatically and internally by React.

Just like:

style={                             
  transform: "rotate(90deg) scaleX(-1)",
}

Solution 8 - Css

Transform Rotate and Translate in single line css:-How?

div.className{
    transform : rotate(270deg) translate(-50%, 0);    
    -webkit-transform: rotate(270deg) translate(-50%, -50%);    
    -moz-transform: rotate(270deg) translate(-50%, -50%);    
    -ms-transform: rotate(270deg) translate(-50%, -50%);    
    -o-transform: rotate(270deg) translate(-50%, -50%); 
    float:left;
    position:absolute;
    top:50%;
    left:50%;
    }

<html>
<head>
</head>
<body>
<div class="className">
  <span style="font-size:50px">A</span>
</div>
</body>
</html>

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