How to align flexbox columns left and right?

With typical CSS I could float one of two columns left and another right with some gutter space in-between. How would I do that with flexbox?

http://jsfiddle.net/1sp9jd32/

#container {
  width: 500px;
  border: solid 1px #000;
  display: -webkit-flex;
  display: -ms-flexbox;
  display: flex;
}
#a {
  width: 20%;
  border: solid 1px #000;
}
#b {
  width: 20%;
  border: solid 1px #000;
  height: 200px;
}

<div id="container">
  <div id="a">
    a
  </div>
  <div id="b">
    b
  </div>
</div>

You could add justify-content: space-between to the parent element. In doing so, the children flexbox items will be aligned to opposite sides with space between them.

Updated Example

#container {
    width: 500px;
    border: solid 1px #000;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
}

#container {
    width: 500px;
    border: solid 1px #000;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
}

#a {
    width: 20%;
    border: solid 1px #000;
}

#b {
    width: 20%;
    border: solid 1px #000;
    height: 200px;
}

<div id="container">
    <div id="a">
        a
    </div>
    <div id="b">
        b
    </div>
</div>

---

You could also add margin-left: auto to the second element in order to align it to the right.

Updated Example

#b {
    width: 20%;
    border: solid 1px #000;
    height: 200px;
    margin-left: auto;
}

#container {
    width: 500px;
    border: solid 1px #000;
    display: flex;
}

#a {
    width: 20%;
    border: solid 1px #000;
    margin-right: auto;
}

#b {
    width: 20%;
    border: solid 1px #000;
    height: 200px;
    margin-left: auto;
}

<div id="container">
    <div id="a">
        a
    </div>
    <div id="b">
        b
    </div>
</div>

I came up with 4 methods to achieve the results. Here is demo

Method 1:

#a {
    margin-right: auto;
}

Method 2:

#a {
    flex-grow: 1;
}

Method 3:

#b {
    margin-left: auto;
}

Method 4:

#container {
    justify-content: space-between;
}

Another option is to add another tag with flex: auto style in between your tags that you want to fill in the remaining space.

https://jsfiddle.net/tsey5qu4/

The HTML:

<div class="parent">
  <div class="left">Left</div>
  <div class="fill-remaining-space"></div>
  <div class="right">Right</div>
</div>

The CSS:

.fill-remaining-space {
  flex: auto;
}

This is equivalent to flex: 1 1 auto, which absorbs any extra space along the main axis.

There are different ways but simplest would be to use the space-between see the example at the end

#container {    
    border: solid 1px #000;
    display: flex;    
	flex-direction: row;
	justify-content: space-between;
    padding: 10px;
    height: 50px;
}

.item {
    width: 20%;
    border: solid 1px #000;
    text-align: center;
}

see the example

In addition to Jost's answer, if you need to align it vertically too, use align-items: center; if needed.

#container {
    width: 500px;
    border: solid 1px #000;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
}