how to add records to has_many :through association in rails
Ruby on-RailsActiverecordHas Many-ThroughRuby on-Rails Problem Overview
class Agents << ActiveRecord::Base
belongs_to :customer
belongs_to :house
end
class Customer << ActiveRecord::Base
has_many :agents
has_many :houses, through: :agents
end
class House << ActiveRecord::Base
has_many :agents
has_many :customers, through: :agents
end
How do I add to the Agents
model for Customer
?
Is this the best way?
Customer.find(1).agents.create(customer_id: 1, house_id: 1)
The above works fine from the console however, I don't know how to achieve this in the actual application.
Imagine a form is filled for the customer that also takes house_id
as input. Then do I do the following in my controller?
def create
@customer = Customer.new(params[:customer])
@customer.agents.create(customer_id: @customer.id, house_id: params[:house_id])
@customer.save
end
Overall I'm confused as to how to add records in the has_many :through
table?
Ruby on-Rails Solutions
Solution 1 - Ruby on-Rails
I think you can simply do this:
@cust = Customer.new(params[:customer])
@cust.houses << House.find(params[:house_id])
Or when creating a new house for a customer:
@cust = Customer.new(params[:customer])
@cust.houses.create(params[:house])
You can also add via ids:
@cust.house_ids << House.find(params[:house_id])
Solution 2 - Ruby on-Rails
'The best way' depends on your needs and what feels most comfortable. Confusion comes from differences ActiveRecord's behavior of the new
and create
methods and the <<
operator.
new
Method
The new
will not add an association record for you. You have to build the House
and Agent
records yourself:
house = @cust.houses.new(params[:house])
house.save
agent = Agent(customer_id: @cust.id, house_id: house.id)
agent.save
Note that @cust.houses.new
and House.new
are effectively the same because you need to create the Agent
record in both cases.
<<
Operator
The As Mischa mentions, you can also use the <<
operator on the collection. This will only build the Agent
model for you, you must build the House
model:
house = House.create(params[:house])
@cust.houses << house
agent = @cust.houses.find(house.id)
create
Method
The create
will build both House
and Agent
records for you, but you will need to find the Agent
model if you intend to return that to your view or api:
house = @cust.houses.create(params[:house])
agent = @cust.agents.where(house: house.id).first
As a final note, if you want exceptions to be raised when creating house
use the bang operators instead (e.g. new!
and create!
).
Solution 3 - Ruby on-Rails
Another way to add associations is by using the foreign key columns:
agent = Agent.new(...)
agent.house = House.find(...)
agent.customer = Customer.find(...)
agent.save
Or use the exact column names, passing the ID of the associated record instead of the record.
agent.house_id = house.id
agent.customer_id = customer.id