How do I raise a Response Forbidden in django
DjangoDjango Problem Overview
I'd like to do the following:
raise HttpResponseForbidden()
But I get the error:
exceptions must be old-style classes or derived from BaseException, not HttpResponseForbidden
How should I do this?
Django Solutions
Solution 1 - Django
if you want to raise an exception you can use:
from django.core.exceptions import PermissionDenied
def your_view(...):
raise PermissionDenied()
It is documented here :
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/stable/ref/views/#the-403-http-forbidden-view
As opposed to returing HttpResponseForbidden, raising PermissionDenied causes the error to be rendered using the 403.html template, or you can use middleware to show a custom "Forbidden" view.
Solution 2 - Django
Return it from the view as you would any other response.
from django.http import HttpResponseForbidden
return HttpResponseForbidden()
Solution 3 - Django
You can optionally supply a custom template named "403.html" to control the rendering of 403 HTTP errors.
As correctly pointed out by @dave-halter, The 403 template can only be used if you raise PermissionDenied
Below is a sample view used to test custom templates "403.html", "404.html" and "500.html"; please make sure to set DEBUG=False in project's settings or the framework will show a traceback instead for 404 and 500.
from django.http import HttpResponse
from django.http import Http404
from django.core.exceptions import PermissionDenied
def index(request):
html = """
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<body>
<ul>
<li><a href="/">home</a></li>
<li><a href="?action=raise403">Raise Error 403</a></li>
<li><a href="?action=raise404">Raise Error 404</a></li>
<li><a href="?action=raise500">Raise Error 500</a></li>
</ul>
</body>
</html>
"""
action = request.GET.get('action', '')
if action == 'raise403':
raise PermissionDenied
elif action == 'raise404':
raise Http404
elif action == 'raise500':
raise Exception('Server error')
return HttpResponse(html)
Solution 4 - Django
Try this Way , sending message with Error
from django.core.exceptions import PermissionDenied
raise PermissionDenied("You do not have permission to Enter Clients in Other Company, Be Careful")