    Random r = new Random();
    int i1 = r.nextInt(80 - 65) + 65;

This gives a random integer between 65 (inclusive) and 80 (exclusive), one of `65,66,...,78,79`.

    int min = 65;
    int max = 80;

    Random r = new Random();
    int i1 = r.nextInt(max - min + 1) + min;

Note that `nextInt(int max)` returns an `int` between 0 inclusive and max exclusive. Hence the ``+1``.

I am having a hard time getting **find** to look for matches in the current directory as well as its subdirectories. 

When I run `find *test.c` it only gives me the matches in the current directory. (does not look in subdirectories)

If I try `find . -name *test.c` I would expect the same results, but instead it gives me only matches that are in a subdirectory. When there are files that should match in the working directory, it gives me: `find: paths must precede expression: mytest.c` 

What does this error mean, and how can I get the matches from both the current directory and its subdirectories?

&quot;find: paths must precede expression:&quot; How do I specify a recursive search that also finds files in the current directory?

I would like to dynamically add properties to a ExpandoObject at runtime. So for example to add a string property call NewProp I would like to write something like

    var x = new ExpandoObject();
    x.AddProperty(&quot;NewProp&quot;, System.String);

Is this easily possible?



Dynamically adding properties to an ExpandoObject

I want to generate random number in a specific range. (Ex. Range Between 65 to 80)

I try as per below code, but it is not very use full. It also returns the value greater then max. value(greater then 80). 

    Random r = new Random();
    int i1 = (r.nextInt(80) + 65);

How can I generate random number between a range?


How can I generate random number in specific range in Android?

I want to generate random number in a specific range. (Ex. Range Between 65 to 80)
I try as per below code, but it is not very use full. It also returns the value greater then max. value(greater then 80).
<pre><code class="hljs language-ini">Random r = new Random();
int i1 = (r.nextInt(80) + 65);
</code></pre>
How can I generate random number between a range?

What I understand from the documentation is that [UnsupportedEncodingException][1] can only be thrown if I specify a wrong encoding as the second parameter to URLDecoder.decode(String, String) method. Is it so? I need to know cases where this exception can be thrown.

Basically, I have this code segment in one of my functions:

    if (keyVal.length == 2) {
        try {
            value = URLDecoder.decode(
                keyVal[1],
                &quot;UTF-8&quot;);
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
              // Will it ever be thrown?
        }
    }

Since I am explicitly mentioning &quot;UTF-8&quot;, is there any way this exception can be thrown? Do I need to do anything in the catch block? Or, if my understanding is completely wrong, please let me know.

  [1]: http://download.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/net/URLDecoder.html

URL decoding: UnsupportedEncodingException in Java

I have a console application that after performing its tasks, must give feedback to the user, such as &quot;operation completed&quot; or &quot;operation failed&quot; and the detailed error.

The thing is, if I just &quot;let it run&quot;, the output message will be printed but the console will close shortly afterwards, leaving no time to read the message.

As far as I remember, in C++, every console application will end with a &quot;press any key to exit&quot; or something like that. In C# I can simulate this behavior with a 

    Console.ReadKey();

But how can I do it in Java? I&#39;m using the Scanner class, but given that &quot;input&quot; is my instance of Scanner:

    input.next()
    System.exit(0);

&quot;Any key&quot; will work, except for return, which is quite a big deal here. Any pointers?

Make the console wait for a user input to close

I&#39;ve been working with JPA (implementation Hibernate) for some time now and each time I need to create entities I find myself struggling with issues as AccessType, immutable properties, equals/hashCode, ... .  
So I decided to try and find out the general best practice for each issue and write this down for personal use.  
I would not mind however for anyone to comment on it or to tell me where I&#39;m wrong.

Entity Class
---- 

* implement Serializable  

  Reason: _The specification says you have to, but some JPA providers do not enforce this. Hibernate as JPA provider does not enforce this, but it can fail somewhere deep in its stomach with ClassCastException, if Serializable has not been implemented._

Constructors
------------
* create a constructor with all required fields of the entity 

  _Reason: A constructor should always leave the instance created in a sane state._  
* besides this constructor: have a package private default constructor  

  _Reason: Default constructor is required to have Hibernate initialize the entity; private is allowed but package private (or public) visibility is required for runtime proxy generation and efficient data retrieval without bytecode instrumentation._

  
Fields/Properties
------

* Use field access in general and property access when needed  

  *Reason:  this is probably the most debatable issue since there are no clear and convincing  arguments for one or the other (property access vs field access); however, field access seems to be general favourite because of clearer code, better encapsulation and no need to create setters for immutable fields* 

* Omit setters for immutable fields (not required for access type field)
* properties may be private  
  Reason: I once heard that protected is better for (Hibernate) performance but all I can find on the web is: *Hibernate can access public, private, and protected accessor methods, as well as public, private and protected fields directly. The choice is up to you and you can match it to fit your application design.*


Equals/hashCode
----

* Never use a generated id if this id is only set when persisting the entity
* By preference: use immutable values to form a unique Business Key and use this to test equality
* if a unique Business Key is not available use a non-transient **UUID** which is created when the entity is initialised; See [this great article][1] for more information.
* **never** refer to related entities (ManyToOne); if this entity (like a parent entity) needs to be part of the Business Key then compare the ID&#39;s only. Calling getId() on a proxy will not trigger the loading of the entity, as long as you&#39;re using [property access type][2].


Example Entity
----


    @Entity
    @Table(name = &quot;ROOM&quot;)
    public class Room implements Serializable {
    
        private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
    
        @Id
        @GeneratedValue
        @Column(name = &quot;room_id&quot;)
        private Integer id;
    
        @Column(name = &quot;number&quot;) 
        private String number; //immutable
    
        @Column(name = &quot;capacity&quot;)
        private Integer capacity;
    
        @ManyToOne(fetch = FetchType.LAZY, optional = false)
        @JoinColumn(name = &quot;building_id&quot;)
        private Building building; //immutable
    
        Room() {
            // default constructor
        }
    
        public Room(Building building, String number) {
            // constructor with required field
            notNull(building, &quot;Method called with null parameter (application)&quot;);
            notNull(number, &quot;Method called with null parameter (name)&quot;);
    
            this.building = building;
            this.number = number;
        }
    
        @Override
        public boolean equals(final Object otherObj) {
            if ((otherObj == null) || !(otherObj instanceof Room)) {
                return false;
            }
            // a room can be uniquely identified by it&#39;s number and the building it belongs to; normally I would use a UUID in any case but this is just to illustrate the usage of getId()
            final Room other = (Room) otherObj;
            return new EqualsBuilder().append(getNumber(), other.getNumber())
                    .append(getBuilding().getId(), other.getBuilding().getId())
                    .isEquals();
            //this assumes that Building.id is annotated with @Access(value = AccessType.PROPERTY) 
        }
    
        public Building getBuilding() {
            return building;
        }
    
    
        public Integer getId() {
            return id;
        }
    
        public String getNumber() {
            return number;
        }
    
        @Override
        public int hashCode() {
            return new HashCodeBuilder().append(getNumber()).append(getBuilding().getId()).toHashCode();
        }
    
        public void setCapacity(Integer capacity) {
            this.capacity = capacity;
        }

        //no setters for number, building nor id
    
    }

Other suggestions to add to this list are more than welcome...

**UPDATE**

Since reading [this article][1] I have adapted my way of implementing eq/hC:

 - if an immutable simple business key is available: use that
 - in all other cases: use a uuid

  [1]: https://web.archive.org/web/20171211235806/http://www.onjava.com/pub/a/onjava/2006/09/13/dont-let-hibernate-steal-your-identity.html
  [2]: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3736818/hibernate-generating-sql-queries-when-accessing-associated-entitys-id/3739197#3739197

Create the perfect JPA entity

I am wondering if it is possible, using the String.format method in Java, to give an integer preceding zeros?

For example:

1 would become 001&lt;br/&gt;
2 would become 002&lt;br/&gt;
...&lt;br/&gt;
11 would become 011&lt;br/&gt;
12 would become 012&lt;br/&gt;
...&lt;br/&gt;
526 would remain as 526&lt;br/&gt;
...etc&lt;br/&gt;

At the moment I have tried the following code:

    String imageName = &quot;_%3d&quot; + &quot;_%s&quot;;

    for( int i = 0; i &lt; 1000; i++ ){
        System.out.println( String.format( imageName, i, &quot;foo&quot; ) );
    }

Unfortunately, this precedes the number with 3 empty spaces. Is it possible to precede the number with zeros instead?



Format an Integer using Java String Format

Can anyone please summarize, what exactly features gives you adding PowerMock on top of the Mockito?

So far I&#39;ve found these:

  - mock static, final and private methods
  - remove static initializers
  - allow mocking without dependency injection - this one isn&#39;t clear to me. Can you elaborate?

Does it add anything else? Can you please sum up in several lines?

And do I need to sacrifice something when using PowerMock?

PowerMock + Mockito VS Mockito alone

How would i detect that the device in use is an Android for a mobile website?

I need to apply certain css attributes to the Android platform.

Thanks

Detect Android phone via Javascript / jQuery

I use an async task to upload an image and get some results.

While uploading the image I see a progress dialog, written in onPreExecute() method like this:
    
        protected void onPreExecute() { 
             uploadingDialog = new ProgressDialog(MyActivity.this); 
             uploadingDialog.setMessage(&quot;uploading&quot;); 
             uploadingDialog.setCancelable(true);
             uploadingDialog.show();
        }

Ok when I press the back button, obviously the dialog disappears because of the setCancelable(true).

But (obviously) the async task doesn&#39;t stop.

So how can I fix this? I want to cancel both dialog and async task when I press the back button. Any ideas?

Android: Cancel Async Task

I want to draw a text to a paint. How to draw it with a custom font (**ex Helvetica** ) and bold also? I would preffer to use a system font and not create it from assets. Thanks.

android set custom font to a paint

I don&#39;t understand what I am supposed to put in here and where these arguments end up? What exactly should I put, and where exactly will it go? Do I need to include all 3 or can I include 1,2,20? 



What arguments are passed into AsyncTask&lt;arg1, arg2, arg3&gt;?

I want to make the corners of a `button` round. Is there an easy way to achieve this in Android?

How to make the corners of a button round?

I am changing the value of an `EditText` on `keyListener`.

But when I change the text the cursor is moving to the beginning of the `EditText`.
I need the cursor to be at the end of the text.

How to move the cursor to the end of the text in a `EditText`.

Place cursor at the end of text in EditText

I am new android, i&#39;m making an app in which one can download files to downloads folder (using Download Manager). I can see pictures if i go to downloads folder in emulator. So if i want to show a slideshow of downloaded files how can i get the access to that folder? Secondly how to add progress bar to this code:--

    import java.util.Arrays;
    
    import android.app.Activity;
    import android.app.DownloadManager;
    import android.app.DownloadManager.Query;
    import android.app.DownloadManager.Request;
    import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
    import android.content.Context;
    import android.content.Intent;
    import android.content.IntentFilter;
    import android.database.Cursor;
    import android.net.Uri;
    import android.os.Bundle;
    import android.view.View;
    import android.widget.ImageView;
    
    public class Download_managerActivity extends Activity {
    	 private long quueue_for_url;
    	  
    	 private DownloadManager dm;
    	 
    	    /** Called when the activity is first created. */
    	    @Override
    	    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    	        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    	        setContentView(R.layout.main);
    	 
    	        BroadcastReceiver receiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
    	            @Override
    	            public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
    	                String action = intent.getAction();
    	               
    	                if (DownloadManager.ACTION_DOWNLOAD_COMPLETE.equals(action)) {
    	                    long downloadId = intent.getLongExtra(
    	                            DownloadManager.EXTRA_DOWNLOAD_ID, 0);
    	                    Query query = new Query();
    	                    query.setFilterById(quueue_for_url);
    	                    Cursor c = dm.query(query);
    	                    if (c.moveToFirst()) {
    	                        int columnIndex = c
    	                                .getColumnIndex(DownloadManager.COLUMN_STATUS);
    	                        if (DownloadManager.STATUS_SUCCESSFUL == c
    	                                .getInt(columnIndex)) {
    	                        
    	                            ImageView view = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.imageView1);
    	                            String uri_String_abcd = c
    	                                    .getString(c
    	                                            .getColumnIndex(DownloadManager.COLUMN_LOCAL_URI));
    	                            view.setImageURI(Uri.parse(uri_String_abcd));
    	                            
    	                        }
    	                    }
    	                }
    	            }
    	        };
    	 
    	        registerReceiver(receiver, new IntentFilter(
    	                DownloadManager.ACTION_DOWNLOAD_COMPLETE));
    	    }
    	 
    	    public void onClick(View view) {
    	        dm = (DownloadManager) getSystemService(DOWNLOAD_SERVICE);
    	 
    	        Request request_for_url = new Request(
    	                Uri.parse(&quot;http://fc03.deviantart.net/fs14/i/2007/086/9/1/Steve_Jobs_portrait_by_tumb.jpg&quot;));
    	        
    	        Request request_for_url1 = new Request(
    	                Uri.parse(&quot;http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_q7Rxg4wqDyc/S5ZRVLxVYuI/AAAAAAAAAvU/fQAUZ2XFcp8/s400/katrina-kaif.jpg&quot;));
    	        Request request_for_url2 = new Request(
    	                Uri.parse(&quot;http://www.buzzreactor.com/sites/default/files/Bill-Gates1.jpg&quot;));
    	        
    	        quueue_for_url = dm.enqueue(request_for_url);
    	        quueue_for_url = dm.enqueue(request_for_url1);
    	        quueue_for_url = dm.enqueue(request_for_url2);
    	 
    	    }
    	 
    	    public void showDownload(View view) {
    	        Intent i = new Intent();
    	        //try more options to show downloading , retrieving and complete
    	        i.setAction(DownloadManager.ACTION_VIEW_DOWNLOADS);
    	        startActivity(i);
    	    }
    	}

I want to add a button which performs the function of taking the pictures from downloads folder and then display like a slideshow.


    &lt;?xml version=&quot;1.0&quot; encoding=&quot;utf-8&quot;?&gt;
    &lt;manifest xmlns:android=&quot;http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android&quot;
          package=&quot;cmpe235.lab1&quot;
          android:versionCode=&quot;1&quot;
          android:versionName=&quot;1.0&quot;&gt;
        &lt;uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion=&quot;9&quot; /&gt;
    
    &lt;uses-permission android:name=&quot;android.permission.INTERNET&quot;&gt;&lt;/uses-permission&gt;
    
        &lt;application android:icon=&quot;@drawable/icon&quot; android:label=&quot;@string/app_name&quot;&gt;
            &lt;activity android:name=&quot;.Download_managerActivity&quot;
                      android:label=&quot;@string/app_name&quot;&gt;
                &lt;intent-filter&gt;
                    &lt;action android:name=&quot;android.intent.action.MAIN&quot; /&gt;
                    &lt;category android:name=&quot;android.intent.category.LAUNCHER&quot; /&gt;
                &lt;/intent-filter&gt;
            &lt;/activity&gt;
    
        &lt;/application&gt;
    &lt;/manifest&gt;


main.xml:-

    &lt;?xml version=&quot;1.0&quot; encoding=&quot;utf-8&quot;?&gt;
    &lt;LinearLayout xmlns:android=&quot;http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android&quot;
        android:orientation=&quot;vertical&quot; android:layout_width=&quot;fill_parent&quot;
        android:layout_height=&quot;fill_parent&quot;&gt;
        
        
        &lt;Button android:text=&quot;Start Download&quot; android:id=&quot;@+id/button1&quot;
            android:layout_width=&quot;wrap_content&quot; android:layout_height=&quot;wrap_content&quot;
             android:layout_gravity=&quot;center_vertical|center_horizontal|center&quot; android:textColor=&quot;#0000A0&quot; 
             android:typeface=&quot;serif&quot; android:onClick=&quot;onClick&quot;&gt;&lt;/Button&gt;
            
        &lt;Button android:text=&quot;View Downloads&quot; android:id=&quot;@+id/button2&quot;
            android:layout_width=&quot;wrap_content&quot; android:layout_height=&quot;wrap_content&quot;
             android:layout_gravity=&quot;center_vertical|center_horizontal|center&quot; android:textColor=&quot;#0000A0&quot; 
             android:typeface=&quot;serif&quot; android:onClick=&quot;showDownload&quot;&gt;&lt;/Button&gt;
            
        &lt;ImageView android:layout_height=&quot;wrap_content&quot; android:id=&quot;@+id/imageView1&quot;
            android:src=&quot;@drawable/icon&quot; android:layout_width=&quot;wrap_content&quot;&gt;&lt;/ImageView&gt;
            
    &lt;/LinearLayout&gt;

how to access downloads folder in android?

I have a `FragmentActivity` using a `ViewPager` to serve several fragments. Each is a `ListFragment` with the following layout:

    &lt;?xml version=&quot;1.0&quot; encoding=&quot;utf-8&quot;?&gt;
    &lt;LinearLayout
    	xmlns:android=&quot;http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android&quot;
    	android:layout_width=&quot;fill_parent&quot;
    	android:layout_height=&quot;fill_parent&quot;&gt;
    	&lt;LinearLayout
    		android:orientation=&quot;vertical&quot;
    		android:layout_width=&quot;match_parent&quot;
    		android:layout_height=&quot;match_parent&quot;
    		android:padding=&quot;8dp&quot;&gt;
    		&lt;ListView android:id=&quot;@id/android:list&quot;
    			android:layout_width=&quot;fill_parent&quot;
    			android:layout_height=&quot;fill_parent&quot; /&gt;
    		
    		&lt;EditText android:id=&quot;@+id/entertext&quot;
    			android:layout_width=&quot;fill_parent&quot;
    			android:layout_height=&quot;wrap_content&quot; /&gt;
    	&lt;/LinearLayout&gt;
    &lt;/LinearLayout&gt;

When starting the activity, the soft keyboard shows. To remedy this, I did the following inside the fragment:

    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    	//Save the container view so we can access the window token
    	viewContainer = container;
    	//get the input method manager service
    	imm = (InputMethodManager)getActivity().getSystemService(Context.INPUT_METHOD_SERVICE);
    	. . .
    }
    
    @Override
    public void onStart() {
    	super.onStart();
    	
    	//Hide the soft keyboard
    	imm.hideSoftInputFromWindow(viewContainer.getWindowToken(), 0);
    }


I save the incoming `ViewGroup container` parameter from `onCreateView` as a way to access the window token for the main activity. This runs without error, but the keyboard doesn&#39;t get hidden from the call to `hideSoftInputFromWindow` in `onStart`.

Originally, I tried using the inflated layout instead of `container`, i.e:

    imm.hideSoftInputFromWindow(myInflatedLayout.getWindowToken(), 0);

but this threw a `NullPointerException`, presumably because the fragment itself isn&#39;t an activity and doesn&#39;t have a unique window token?

Is there a way to hide the soft keyboard from within a fragment, or should I create a method in the `FragmentActivity` and call it from within the fragment?

How to hide the soft keyboard inside a fragment?

I want to get the current timestamp like that : **1320917972**

    int time = (int) (System.currentTimeMillis());
    Timestamp tsTemp = new Timestamp(time);
    String ts =  tsTemp.toString();

Android Get Current timestamp?

I looked at [the documentation for the Ranges][1] and I see no mention of backwards ranges.

Is it possible to do something like:

    for (n in 100..1) {
        println(n)
    }

And get results:

    100
    99
    98
    ...


[1]: http://confluence.jetbrains.net/display/Kotlin/Ranges

In Kotlin can I create a range that counts backwards?

`randrange(start, stop)` only takes integer arguments. So how would I get a random number between two float values?

How to get a random number between a float range?

I am trying to generate a random password in php. 

However I am getting all &#39;a&#39;s and the return type is of type array and I would like it to be a string. Any ideas on how to correct the code?

Thanks.

    function randomPassword() {
        $alphabet = &quot;abcdefghijklmnopqrstuwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUWXYZ0123456789&quot;;
        for ($i = 0; $i &lt; 8; $i++) {
            $n = rand(0, count($alphabet)-1);
            $pass[$i] = $alphabet[$n];
        }
        return $pass;
    }

Generating a random password in php

I want to produce 100 random numbers with normal distribution (with &#181;=10, σ=7) and then draw a quantity diagram for these numbers.

How can I produce random numbers with a specific distribution in Excel 2010?

One more question:

When I produce, for example, 20 random numbers with `RANDBETWEEN(Bottom,Top)`, the numbers change every time the sheet recalculates. How can I keep this from happening?

Generating random numbers with normal distribution in Excel

I&#39;ve just imported a bunch of data to a MySQL table and I have a column &quot;GUID&quot; that I want to basically fill down all existing rows with new and unique random GUID&#39;s.

How do I do this in MySQL ?

I tried

    UPDATE db.tablename
      SET columnID = UUID()
      where columnID is not null

And just get every field the same

Generate GUID in MySQL for existing Data?

I want to choose a random item from a set, but the chance of choosing any item should be proportional to the associated weight

Example inputs:

    item                weight
    ----                ------
    sword of misery         10
    shield of happy          5
    potion of dying          6
    triple-edged sword       1


So, if I have 4 possible items, the chance of getting any one item without weights would be 1 in 4.

In this case, a user should be 10 times more likely to get the sword of misery than the triple-edged sword.

How do I make a weighted random selection in Java?

Content Type	Original Author	Original Content on Stackoverflow
Question	Mohit Kanada	View Question on Stackoverflow
Solution 1 - Java	Ishtar	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 2 - Java	Vivien Barousse	View Answer on Stackoverflow

How can I generate random number in specific range in Android?

Java Problem Overview

Java Solutions

Solution 1 - Java

Solution 2 - Java

Dynamically adding properties to an ExpandoObject

"find: paths must precede expression:" How do I specify a recursive search that also finds files in the current directory?

Attributions