If you already commited changes, then:

    git reset (--hard) HEAD~1

If not then:

    git reset
    git ls-files -d -z | xargs -0 git checkout --

    

This is also referred to as &quot;deep copying&quot;, which I&#39;ve found some articles on. Closest seems to be [this one][1] but it&#39;s for jQuery - I&#39;m trying to do this without a library.

I&#39;ve also seen, in two places, that it&#39;s possible to do something like:
    
    arr2 = JSON.decode(JSON.encode(arr1));

But that&#39;s apparently inefficient. It&#39;s also possible to loop and copy each value individually, and recurs through all the arrays. That seems tiring and inefficient as well. 

So what&#39;s the most efficient, non-library way to copy a JavaScript multi-dimensional array `[[a],[b],[c]]`? I am completely happy with a &quot;non-IE&quot; method if necessary.

Thanks!


  [1]: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/565430/deep-copying-an-array-using-jquery

Create copy of multi-dimensional array, not reference - JavaScript

So, my app needs to perform an action almost continuously (with a pause of 10 seconds or so between each run) for as long as the app is running or a cancellation is requested. The work it needs to do has the possibility of taking up to 30 seconds.

Is it better to use a System.Timers.Timer and use AutoReset to make sure it doesn&#39;t perform the action before the previous &quot;tick&quot; has completed.

Or should I use a general Task in LongRunning mode with a cancellation token, and have a regular infinite while loop inside it calling the action doing the work with a 10 second Thread.Sleep between calls? As for the async/await model, I&#39;m not sure it would be appropriate here as I don&#39;t have any return values from the work. 

    CancellationTokenSource wtoken;
    Task task;
    
    void StopWork()
    {
        wtoken.Cancel();
    
        try 
        {
            task.Wait();
        } catch(AggregateException) { }
    }
    
    void StartWork()
    {
        wtoken = new CancellationTokenSource();
    
        task = Task.Factory.StartNew(() =&gt;
        {
            while (true)
            {
                wtoken.Token.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
                DoWork();
                Thread.Sleep(10000);
            }
        }, wtoken, TaskCreationOptions.LongRunning);
    }
    
    void DoWork()
    {
        // Some work that takes up to 30 seconds but isn&#39;t returning anything.
    }

or just use a simple timer while using its AutoReset property, and call .Stop() to cancel it?



Proper way to implement a never ending task. (Timers vs Task)

&gt; **Possible Duplicate:**  
&gt; [How to revert a “git rm -r .”?](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2125710/how-to-revert-a-git-rm-r)  

&lt;!-- End of automatically inserted text --&gt;

Git SOS here. I worked 10 hours on a project without committing (I know, I know) and then I git added too many files, so I tried using git rm and accidentally deleted EVERYTHING. Is there hope for me? :(((

Git - undoing git rm

> Possible Duplicate: 
> <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2125710/how-to-revert-a-git-rm-r" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">How to revert a “git rm -r .”?</a>

Git SOS here. I worked 10 hours on a project without committing (I know, I know) and then I git added too many files, so I tried using git rm and accidentally deleted EVERYTHING. Is there hope for me? :(((

Rsync includes a nifty option `--cvs-exclude` to “ignore files in the same way CVS does”, but CVS has been obsolete for years. Is there any way to make it also exclude files which would be ignored by modern version control systems (Git, Mercurial, Subversion)?

For example, I have lots of Maven projects checked out from GitHub. Typically they include a `.gitignore` listing at least `target`, the default Maven build directory (which may be present at top level or in submodules). Since the contents of these directories are entirely disposable, and they can be far larger than source code, I would like to exclude them when using rsync for backups.

Of course I can explicitly `--exclude=target/` but that will accidentally suppress unrelated directories that just happen to be named `target` and are not supposed to be ignored.

And I could supply a complete list of absolute paths for all file names and patterns mentioned in any `.gitignore`, `.hgignore`, or `svn:ignore` property on my disk, but this would be a huge list that would have to be produced by some sort of script.

Since rsync has no built-in support for VCS checkouts other than CVS, is there any good trick for feeding it their ignore patterns? Or some kind of callback system whereby a user script can be asked whether a given file/directory should be included or not?

_Update_: `--filter=&#39;:- .gitignore&#39;` as suggested by LordJavac seems to work as well for Git as `--filter=:C` does for CVS, at least on the examples I have found, though it is unclear if the syntax is an exact match. `--filter=&#39;:- .hgignore&#39;` does not work very well for Mercurial; e.g. an `.hgignore` containing a line like `^target$` (the Mercurial equivalent of Git `/target/`) is not recognized by rsync as a regular expression. And nothing seems to work for Subversion, for which you would have to parse `.svn/dir-prop-base` for a 1.6 or earlier working copy, and throw up your hands in dismay for a 1.7 or later working copy.

rsync exclude according to .gitignore &amp; .hgignore &amp; svn:ignore like --filter=:C

I want to delete all commit history but keep the code in its current state because, in my commit history, there are too many unused commits.

How can I do it?

Is there any git command can do this?
    
    git filter-branch ?
    git rebase ?
    ... 

My code is hosted on github.com.

how to delete all commit history in github?

I&#39;m trying to send patches with the `git send-email` But I get the following error:

    git: &#39;send-email&#39; is not a git command. See &#39;git --help&#39;.

How to make `git send-email` works ?

Related links:

http://www.kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/docs/git-send-email.html

git: &#39;send-email&#39; is not a git command. See &#39;git --help&#39;

I am using Git subtree with a couple of projects that I am working on, in order to share some base code between them. The base code gets updated often, and the upgrades can happen in anyone of the projects, with all of them getting updated, eventually.

I have ran into a problem where git reports that my subtree is up to date, but pushing gets rejected. For example:

    #! git subtree pull --prefix=public/shared project-shared master
    From github.com:****
    * branch            master     -&gt; FETCH_HEAD
    Already up-to-date.

If I push, I should get a message that there is nothing to push... Right? RIGHT? :(

    #! git subtree push --prefix=public/shared project-shared master
    git push using:  project-shared master
    To git@github.com:***
    ! [rejected]        72a6157733c4e0bf22f72b443e4ad3be0bc555ce -&gt; master (non-fast-forward)
    error: failed to push some refs to &#39;git@github.com:***&#39;
    hint: Updates were rejected because the tip of your current branch is behind
    hint: its remote counterpart. Merge the remote changes (e.g. &#39;git pull&#39;)
    hint: before pushing again.
    hint: See the &#39;Note about fast-forwards&#39; in &#39;git push --help&#39; for details.

What could be the reason for this? Why is pushing failing?

Why can&#39;t I push this up-to-date Git subtree?

How do I fetch upstream repo and make it replace master? I only have one branch on my repo, which is master, and I completely messed it up, so I basically need to start over from the upstream. I think init will do the job, but is there an easier way?

git discard all changes and pull from upstream

I need to exclude a folder (name uploads) from tracking. I tried to run

    git rm -r --cached wordpress/wp-content/uploads

and after that I added the path to .gitignore

    /wordpress/wp-content/uploads

but when I ran `git status` they show up as deleted. If I try to commit the changes, the files will be deleted, not only removed from tracking.

What am I doing wrong? 

I have also tried

    git update-index --assume-unchanged &lt;file&gt;

but this seems to untrack only files. But I need to remove an entire folder (including subfolders) from tracking.

Content Type	Original Author	Original Content on Stackoverflow
Question	user1436111	View Question on Stackoverflow
Solution 1 - Git	Hauleth	View Answer on Stackoverflow

Git - undoing git rm

Git Problem Overview

Git Solutions

Solution 1 - Git

Proper way to implement a never ending task. (Timers vs Task)

Create copy of multi-dimensional array, not reference - JavaScript

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