`git reset --hard 4a155e5`  Will move the HEAD back to where you want to be.  There may be other references ahead of that time that you would need to remove if you don&#39;t want anything to point to the history you just deleted.

You can revert all your files under your working directory and index by typing following this command

    git reset --hard &lt;SHAsum of your commit&gt;

You can also type 

    git reset --hard HEAD #your current head point

or

    git reset --hard HEAD^ #your previous head point

Hope it helps


http://www.kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/docs/git-revert.html

using `git revert &lt;commit&gt;` will create a new commit that reverts the one you dont want to have.

You can specify a list of commits to revert.

An alternative: http://git-scm.com/docs/git-reset

`git reset` will reset your copy to the commit you want.

I have a function which return a type int. However, I only have a value of the TAX enumeration.

How can I cast the TAX enumeration value to an int?

    public enum TAX {
    	NOTAX(0),SALESTAX(10),IMPORTEDTAX(5);
    		
    	private int value;
    	private TAX(int value){
            this.value = value;
        }
    }

    TAX var = TAX.NOTAX; // This value will differ

    public int getTaxValue()
    {
      // what do do here?
      // return (int)var;
    }



How to convert enum value to int?

I&#39;m grepping through a large pile of code managed by git, and whenever I do a grep, I see piles and piles of messages of the form: 

    &gt; grep pattern * -R -n
    whatever/.git/svn: No such file or directory

Is there any way I can make those lines go away? 

How can I have grep not print out &#39;No such file or directory&#39; errors?

how do i revert all my files on my local copy back to a certain commit?


    commit 4a155e5b3b4548f5f8139b5210b9bb477fa549de
    Author: John Doe &lt;Doe.John.10@gmail.com&gt;
    Date:   Thu Jul 21 20:51:38 2011 -0500


This is the commit i&#39;d like to revert back to. any help would be a lifesaver!



git revert back to certain commit

how do i revert all my files on my local copy back to a certain commit?
<pre><code class="hljs language-sql">commit 4a155e5b3b4548f5f8139b5210b9bb477fa549de
Author: John Doe &#x3C;Doe.John.10@gmail.com>
Date: Thu Jul 21 20:51:38 2011 -0500
</code></pre>
This is the commit i'd like to revert back to. any help would be a lifesaver!

I have a structure similar to the following: 

    /root/
    /root/data/
    /root/data/script.php
    /root/data/some.json
    /root/data/feature/one.json
    /root/data/feature/two.json
    /root/data/other-feature/one.json
    /root/data/other-feature/important-script.php

I&#39;d like git to ignore *any* `.json` files under the &#39;/data/...&#39; path, but &#39;/data/&#39; sometimes contains sub-directories. 

My understanding is that a simple `data/*.json` in gitignore will only match one directory, as the `*` doesn&#39;t match `/`, as stated at http://git-scm.com/docs/gitignore, &quot;Pattern Format&quot;, bullet #6: 

&gt;Otherwise, git treats the pattern as a shell glob suitable for consumption by fnmatch(3) with the FNM_PATHNAME flag: wildcards in the pattern will not match a / in the pathname. For example, &quot;Documentation/*.html&quot; matches &quot;Documentation/git.html&quot; but not &quot;Documentation/ppc/ppc.html&quot; or &quot;tools/perf/Documentation/perf.html&quot;.

Is there a simple way to do this, or do I need to actively add gitignore files in each sub-directory, explicitly?


Git-ignore certain files in sub-directories, but not all

I am wondering if there is a way to view a push date associated with each commit in the git log.  If that is not possible, is there a way to see all the commits under a certain push.

I writing a program that needs to keep track of the commits as they are pushed.  Because the git log is ordered by the commit date, not the push date, I am not able to see the most recent commits that are pushed. For example, if a user commits to his local repository 2 days before he pushes to the master, that commit will be placed behind 2 days of other commits in the master repository log.

Is there a way in git to obtain a push date for a given commit?

There are very few Q&amp;A&#39;s on git `grafts` versus `replace`. The search *[git] +grafts +replace* only found two that felt relevant of the 5. [what-are-git-info-grafts-for][1] and [git-what-is-a-graftcommit-or-a-graft-id][2]. There is also a note on [git.wiki.kernel.org:GraftPoint][3]

Are grafts now **completely overtaken** by the `replace` and `filter-branch`, or do they still needed for some special corner cases (and backward compatibility) ?


In general, how do they differ (e.g. which are transported between repos), and how are they generically the same? 
I&#39;ve seen that Linus doesn&#39;t appear to care about grafts at present in the discussion on commit generation numbers (of the max parents back to any root variety) [&quot;Grafts are already unreliable.&quot;][4]


EDIT: more info found.  
A search of www.kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/docs for `graft` only found 3 results: 

 1. git-filter-branch(1), 
 2. v1.5.4.7/git-filter-branch(1),
 3. v1.5.0.7/git-svn(1).

A slightly broader search found [RelNotes/1.6.5.txt][5] which contains:

&gt; * refs/replace/ hierarchy is designed to be usable as a replacement
   of the &quot;grafts&quot; mechanism, with the added advantage that it can be
   transferred across repositories.

Unfortunately, the [gitrepository-layout(5)][6] isn&#39;t yet up to date with the refs/replace/ repository layout info (and notes), nor any deprecation note of info/grafts.

This gets closer to supporting what I was thinking but I&#39;d welcome any confirmation or clarification.


  [1]: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/161928/what-are-git-info-grafts-for
  [2]: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6088551/git-what-is-a-graftcommit-or-a-graft-id
  [3]: https://git.wiki.kernel.org/index.php/GraftPoint
  [4]: http://permalink.gmane.org/gmane.comp.version-control.git/177153
  [5]: http://www.kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/docs/RelNotes/1.6.5.txt
  [6]: http://www.kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/docs/gitrepository-layout.html

How do git grafts and replace differ? (Are grafts now deprecated?)

Follow-up of [this][1] so-question: if I have a shallow clone, how to fetch all older commits to make it a full clone?


  [1]: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1209999/using-git-to-get-just-the-latest-revision

How to convert a Git shallow clone to a full clone?

I have this commit that was undone by someone who doesn&#39;t know how to deal with conflicts. Is there an easy way to try auto merging the commit back in? I tried using &quot;merge to master&quot; but it just says up to date. I am using tortoisegit.

Reapply a commit that was undone by conflict?

I ran &quot;git status&quot; and listed below are some files that were modified/or under the heading &quot;changes not staged for commit&quot;.
It also listed some untracked files that I want to ignore (I have a &quot;.gitignore&quot; file in these directories).

I want to put the modified files in staging so I can commit them.  When I ran &quot;git add .&quot;, it added the modified files AND the files I want to ignore to staging.

How do I add only the modified files and ignore the untracked files if presented with the git status below.

Also, are my &quot;.gitignore&quot; files working properly?


    $ git status
    # On branch addLocation
    # Changes not staged for commit:
    #   (use &quot;git add &lt;file&gt;...&quot; to update what will be committed)
    #   (use &quot;git checkout -- &lt;file&gt;...&quot; to discard changes in working directory)
    #
    #       modified:   someProject/path/domain/viewer/LocationDO.java
    #       modified:   someProject/path/service/ld/LdService.java
    #       modified:   someProject/path/service/ld/LdServiceImpl.java
    #       modified:   someProject/path/web/jsf/viewer/LocationFormAction.java
    #       modified:   someProject/war/WEB-INF/classes/message/viewer/viewer.properties
    #       modified:   someProject/war/page/viewer/searchForm.xhtml
    #
    # Untracked files:
    #   (use &quot;git add &lt;file&gt;...&quot; to include in what will be committed)
    #
    #       .metadata/
    #       someProject/build/
    no changes added to commit (use &quot;git add&quot; and/or &quot;git commit -a&quot;)



git add only modified changes and ignore untracked files

&gt; **Possible Duplicate / a more recent/less clear question** &lt;br/&gt;
&gt; [Branch from a previous commit using Git](http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2816715/branch-from-a-previous-commit-using-git)

&lt;!-- End of automatically inserted text --&gt;

I have a Git branch called `jzbranch` and have an old commit id: `a9c146a09505837ec03b`.

How do I create a new branch, `justin`, from the information listed above?



How do I create a new Git branch from an old commit?

If you want to move a commit to the staging area - that is uncommit it and move all of the changes which were in it into the staging area (effectively putting the branch in the state that it would have been in prior to the commit) - how do you do it? Or is it something that you can&#39;t do?

The closest that I know how to do is to copy all of the files that were changed in the commit to somewhere else, reset the branch to the commit before the commit that you&#39;re trying to move into the staging area, move all of the copied files back into the repository, and then add them to the staging area. It works, but it&#39;s not exactly a nice solution. What I&#39;d like to be able to do is just undo the commit and move its changing into the staging area. Can it be done? And if so, how?

How do you move a commit to the staging area in git?

How do I edit or reword a merge commit&#39;s message?

`git commit --amend` works if it&#39;s the last commit made (`HEAD`), but what if it comes before `HEAD`?

`git rebase -i HEAD~5` doesn&#39;t list the merge commits.

Git: How to edit/reword a merge commit&#39;s message?

I&#39;m looking for a counter-part of `git commit --amend` in Mercurial, i.e. a way to modify the commit which my working copy is linked to. I&#39;m only interested in the last commit, not an arbitrary earlier commit.

The requirements for this amend-procedure are:

* if possible, it should not require any extensions. It must **not require non-default extensions**, i.e. extensions which do not come with an official Mercurial installation.

* if the commit to amend is one head of my current branch, **no new head** should be created. If the commit is not head, a new head may be created.

* the procedure should be **safe** in a way that if for whatever reasons the amending fails, I want to have the same working copy and repository state restored as before the amending. With other words, if the amending itself can fail, there should be a fail-safe procedure to restore the working copy and repository state. I&#39;m referring to &quot;failures&quot; which lie in the nature of the amend-procedure (like e.g. conflicts), not to file-system-related problems (like access restrictions, not being able to lock a file for writing, ...)

**Update (1):**

* the procedure must be **automatable**, so it can be performed by a GUI client without any user interaction required.

**Update (2):**

* files in the working directory must not be touched (there may be file system locks on certain modified files). This especially means, that a possible approach may at no point require a clean working directory.

Mercurial: how to amend the last commit?

Given a change that has been committed using `commit`, and then reverted using `revert`, what is the best way to then undo that revert?

Ideally, this should be done with a new commit, so as to not re-write history.

How do I &quot;un-revert&quot; a reverted Git commit?

This is not a major problem, just something I want to know whether or not is possible.

Let&#39;s say we have two commits, `abcd123` and `wxyz789`, that occur at non-adjacent, separate places, far back in a repo&#39;s history.  Now let&#39;s say we want to revert them.  Doing

    git revert abcd123 wxyz789

would result in two separate commits, one reverting `abcd123` and the other reverting ` wxyz789`.

This is all fine and well, but what if the mistakes we want to fix in the two commits are logically linked, and for the purposes of self-documentation we&#39;d like to make one single commit containing one single &quot;*I broke something so now I&#39;m reverting files x, y and z*&quot; comment?  Is there a git command that does this?

(I am of course aware that it is possible to create a commit where I just manually fix all the changes and then push.  This is painful for all the obbious reasons.)

How to revert multiple commits as part of a single commit

I have found various examples of how to revert an SVN commit like

    svn merge -r [current_version]:[previous_version] [repository_url]

or

    svn merge -c -[R] .

But neither of them seems to work. I tried those commands and checked the files that were changed by hand.

How do I revert a commit with revision number 1944? How do I check that the revert has been done (without looking in the actual file to the changes have been reverted)?


How do I revert an SVN commit?

I have checked out a file from CVS repository and changed it.

`cvs up` command says that the file is modified `M`.

I need to delete my changes. What cvs command can do it for me?

How do I revert a modified file using CVS?

I know how to revert to older commits in a Git branch, but how do I revert back to a branch&#39;s state dictated by a tag? I envision something like this:

    git revert -bytag &quot;Version 1.0 Revision 1.5&quot;

Is this possible?

Content Type	Original Author	Original Content on Stackoverflow
Question	David	View Question on Stackoverflow
Solution 1 - Git	Andy	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 2 - Git	TheOneTeam	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 3 - Git	marcelog	View Answer on Stackoverflow

git revert back to certain commit

Git Problem Overview

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How can I have grep not print out 'No such file or directory' errors?

How to convert enum value to int?

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