I think you&#39;ll get what you want with the `-maxdepth 1` option, based on your current command structure. If not, you can try looking at the [man page][1] for `find`.

Relevant entry (for convenience&#39;s sake):

&lt;!-- language: lang-none --&gt;

    -maxdepth levels
    	      Descend at most levels (a non-negative integer) levels of direc-
    	      tories below the command line arguments.	 `-maxdepth  0&#39;  means
    	      only  apply the tests and actions to the command line arguments.

Your options basically are: 

    # Do NOT show hidden files (beginning with &quot;.&quot;, i.e., .*):
    find DirsRoot/* -maxdepth 0 -type f
Or:
 

    #  DO show hidden files:
    find DirsRoot/ -maxdepth 1 -type f


  [1]: http://unixhelp.ed.ac.uk/CGI/man-cgi?find

I believe you are looking for `-maxdepth 1`.

If you look for POSIX compliant solution:

`cd DirsRoot &amp;&amp; find . -type f -print -o -name . -o -prune`

**-maxdepth** is not POSIX compliant option.

Yes it is possible by using **-maxdepth** option in find command

    find /DirsRoot/* -maxdepth 1 -type f

From the manual 

`man find`

   &gt; -maxdepth levels
   &gt; 
   &gt;Descend at most levels (a non-negative integer) levels of directories below the starting-points.
  &gt;    
  &gt; -maxdepth 0
  &gt;
  &gt;  means only apply the tests and actions to the starting-points themselves.



Can anyone tell me if a MySQL `SELECT` query is case sensitive or case insensitive by default? And if not, what query would I have to send so that I can do something like:

    SELECT * FROM `table` WHERE `Value` = &quot;iaresavage&quot;

Where in actuality, the real value of `Value` is `IAreSavage`.


MySQL: is a SELECT statement case sensitive?

I was wondering if someone could explain to me what the `#pragma pack` preprocessor statement does, and more importantly, why one would want to use it.

I checked out the [MSDN page][1], which offered some insight, but I was hoping to hear more from people with experience. I&#39;ve seen it in code before, though I can&#39;t seem to find where anymore.

  [1]: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/cpp/preprocessor/pack

#pragma pack effect

Is it possible to use the `find` command in some way that it will not recurse into the sub-directories? For example,


    DirsRoot
      |--&gt;SubDir1
      |    |-OtherFile1
      |--&gt;SubDir2
      |    |-OtherFile2
      |-File1
      |-File2

And the result of something like `find DirsRoot --do-not-recurse -type f` will be only `File1, File2`?


find without recursion

Is it possible to use the <code>find</code> command in some way that it will not recurse into the sub-directories? For example,
<pre><code class="hljs language-lua">DirsRoot
 |-->SubDir1
 | |-OtherFile1
 |-->SubDir2
 | |-OtherFile2
 |-File1
 |-File2
</code></pre>
And the result of something like <code>find DirsRoot --do-not-recurse -type f</code> will be only <code>File1, File2</code>?

I&#39;m using grep to match string in a file. Here is an example file:

    example one,
    example two null,
    example three,
    example four null,

`grep -i null myfile.txt` returns 

    example two null,
    example four null,

How can I return matched lines together with their line numbers like this:

      example two null, - Line number : 2
      example four null, - Line number : 4
      Total null count : 2

I know -c returns total matched lines, but I don&#39;t how to format it properly to add `total null count` in front, and I don&#39;t know how to add the line numbers.

What can I do?

How can I format my grep output to show line numbers at the end of the line, and also the hit count?

How do &quot;modern&quot; `cron` daemons *internally* schedule their jobs?  Some `crond`s used to schedule a run every so often via `at`.  So after a crontab is written out, does `crond`:

 1. Parse the crontab for all future events and the sleep for the intervals?
 2. Poll an aggregated crontab database every minute to determine if the current time matches the schedule pattern?
 3.  Other?

Thanks,



How does cron internally schedule jobs?

Is there a way to delete the newline at the end of a line in Vim, so that the next line is appended to the current line?

For example:

    Evaluator&lt;T&gt;():
        _bestPos(){
    }

I&#39;d like to put this all on one line without copying lines and pasting them into the previous one.  It seems like I should be able to put my cursor to the end of each line, press a key, and have the next line jump onto the same one the cursor is on.

End result:

    Evaluator&lt;T&gt;(): _bestPos(){ }

Is this possible in Vim?

Delete newline in Vim

What&#39;s the easiest/quickest way to interleave the lines of two (or more) text files? Example:

File 1:

    line1.1
    line1.2
    line1.3

File 2:

    line2.1
    line2.2
    line2.3

Interleaved:

    line1.1
    line2.1
    line1.2
    line2.2
    line1.3
    line2.3

Sure it&#39;s easy to write a little Perl script that opens them both and does the task. But I was wondering if it&#39;s possible to get away with fewer code, maybe a one-liner using Unix tools?


How to interleave lines from two text files

On POSIX systems, termination signals usually have the following order (according to many MAN pages and the POSIX Spec):

 1. SIGTERM - politely ask a process to terminate. It shall terminate gracefully, cleaning up all resources (files, sockets, child processes, etc.), deleting temporary files and so on.

 2. SIGQUIT - more forceful request. It shall terminate ungraceful, still cleaning up resources that absolutely need cleanup, but maybe not delete temporary files, maybe write debug information somewhere; on some system also a core dump will be written (regardless if the signal is caught by the app or not).

 3. SIGKILL - most forceful request. The process is not even asked to do anything, but the system will clean up the process, whether it like that or not. Most likely a core dump is written.

How does SIGINT fit into that picture? A CLI process is usually terminated by SIGINT when the user hits CRTL+C, however a background process can also be terminated by SIGINT using KILL utility. What I cannot see in the specs or the header files is if SIGINT is more or less forceful than SIGTERM or if there is any difference between SIGINT and SIGTERM at all.

**UPDATE:**

The best description of termination signals I found so far is in the [GNU LibC Documentation][1]. It explains very well that there is an intended difference between SIGTERM and SIGQUIT. 

It says about SIGTERM:

&gt; It is the normal way to politely ask a program to terminate. 

And it says about SIGQUIT:

&gt; [...] and produces a core dump when it terminates the process, just like a program error signal.
&gt; You can think of this as a program error condition “detected” by the user. [...] 
&gt; Certain kinds of cleanups are best omitted in handling SIGQUIT. For example, if the program 
&gt; creates temporary files, it should handle the other termination requests by deleting the temporary 
&gt; files. But it is better for SIGQUIT not to delete them, so that the user can examine them in 
&gt; conjunction with the core dump.

And SIGHUP is also explained well enough. SIGHUP is not really a termination signal, it just means the &quot;connection&quot; to the user has been lost, so the app cannot expect the user to read any further output (e.g. stdout/stderr output) and there is no input to expect from the user any longer. For most apps that mean they better quit. In theory an app could also decide that it goes into daemon mode when a SIGHUP is received and now runs as a background process, writing output to a configured log file. For most daemons already running in the background, SIGHUP usually means that they shall reexamine their configuration files, so you send it to background processes after editing config files.

However there is no useful explanation of SIGINT on this page, other than that it is sent by CRTL+C. Is there any reason why one would handle SIGINT in a different way than SIGTERM? If so what reason would this be and how would the handling be different?

  [1]: http://www.gnu.org/s/libc/manual/html_node/Termination-Signals.html

How does SIGINT relate to the other termination signals such as SIGTERM, SIGQUIT and SIGKILL?

I have a file (more specifically, a log4j configuration file) and I want to be able to read in the file and pick out certain lines in the code and replace them. For example, within the file there is a string of text that indicates the directory it is stored in, or the level of the logger. I want to be able to replace those string of text without reading in the file, writing it to another file, and deleting the original file. Is there a more efficient way of doing find and replace texts in a file using Java?

Here is an example of the text file I&#39;m trying to work with:

    log4j.rootLogger=DEBUG, A0
    
    log4j.appender.A0=org.apache.log4j.RollingFileAppender
    log4j.appender.A0.File=C:/log.txt
    log4j.appender.A0.MaxFileSize=100KB
    log4j.appender.A0.MaxBackupIndex=1
    
    log4j.appender.A0.layout=org.apache.log4j.RollingFileAppender
    log4j.appender.A0.layout.ConversionPattern=%-4r [%t] %-5p: %c %x - %m%n

I want to be able to read the file and replace &#39;DEBUG&#39; with another level or replace the file directory name &#39;C:/log.txt&#39;. The log configuration file is also written in xml. An example of that is featured below.

    &lt;?xml version=&quot;1.0&quot; encoding=&quot;UTF-8&quot; standalone=&quot;no&quot;?&gt;
    &lt;!DOCTYPE log4j:configuration SYSTEM &quot;log4j.dtd&quot;&gt;
    &lt;log4j:configuration&gt;
        &lt;appender class=&quot;org.apache.log4j.RollingFileAppender&quot; name=&quot;A0&quot;&gt;
            &lt;param name=&quot;append&quot; value=&quot;false&quot;/&gt;
            &lt;param name=&quot;File&quot; value=&quot;C:/log/.txt&quot;/&gt;
            &lt;param name=&quot;MaxBackupIndex&quot; value=&quot;1&quot;/&gt;
            &lt;param name=&quot;MaxFileSize&quot; value=&quot;100KB&quot;/&gt;
            &lt;layout class=&quot;org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout&quot;&gt;
                &lt;param name=&quot;ConversionPattern&quot; value=&quot;%-4r [%t] %-5p: %c %x - %m%n&quot;/&gt;
            &lt;/layout&gt;
        &lt;/appender&gt;
        &lt;root&gt;
            &lt;level value=&quot;DEBUG&quot;/&gt;
            &lt;appender-ref ref=&quot;A0&quot;/&gt;
        &lt;/root&gt;
    &lt;/log4j:configuration&gt;

I&#39;m thinking it may be possible to use a hash map for this type of implementation? 

Find and replace words/lines in a file

I have a directory with roughly 100000 files in it, and I want to perform some function on all files beginning with a specified string, which may match tens of thousands of files.

I have tried

    ls mystring*

but this returns with the bash error &#39;Too many arguments&#39;.  My next plan was to use

    find ./mystring* -type f
but this has the same issue.  

The code needs to look something like

    for FILE in `find ./mystring* -type f`
    do
        #Some function on the file
    done



Find all files with a filename beginning with a specified string?

I&#39;m using Visual Studio 2010 and when I do a &quot;Find in Files&quot; the results are returned to the &quot;Find Results 1&quot; window which is docked below my code editor window.

Before, I would double click on one of the results in the Find Results window and the file I clicked on would open in the code editor panel.

The problem is now when I click on one of the results, it opens in the same panel as the Find Results window which happens to be much smaller than the code editor window which is annoying.

Does anyone know how to make it so that when I double click on the search results they open up in the code editor window again?

Thanks!

Visual Studio Clicking Find Results Opens Code in Wrong Window

I&#39;m looking for a way to get n++&#39;s find in files dialog to exclude certain files...

the only reference I&#39;ve found so far is this http://sourceforge.net/project/shownotes.php?release_id=536795&amp;group_id=189927 , but, unfortunately, it doesn&#39;t work. 

I&#39;m using \*[^*.dll] to, I think, search for everything BUT dll files.  

How can I resolve this ?

Thanks

Notepad++ find in files filter EXCLUDE

I&#39;m trying to run a `find` command for all JavaScript files, but how do I exclude a specific directory?

Here is the `find` code we&#39;re using.

    for file in $(find . -name &#39;*.js&#39;)
    do 
      java -jar config/yuicompressor-2.4.2.jar --type js $file -o $file
    done


How to exclude a directory in find . command

I simply want to run an executable from the command line, `./arm-mingw32ce-g++`, but then I get the error message,
&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;bash: ./arm-mingw32ce-g++: No such file or directory&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;
I&#39;m running Ubuntu Linux 10.10. `ls -l` lists
&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  433308 2010-10-16 21:32 arm-mingw32ce-g++&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;
Using sudo (`sudo ./arm-mingw32ce-g++`) gives
&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;sudo: unable to execute ./arm-mingw32ce-g++: No such file or directory&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;
I have no idea why the OS can&#39;t even see the file when it&#39;s there. Any thoughts?

&quot;No such file or directory&quot; but it exists

I have a script that automates a process that needs access to a password protected system. The system is accessed via a command-line program that accepts the user password as an argument.

I would like to prompt the user to type in their password, assign it to a shell variable, and then use that variable to construct the command line of the accessing program (which will of course produce stream output that I will process).  

I am a reasonably competent shell programmer in Bourne/Bash, but I don&#39;t know how to accept the user input without having it echo to the terminal (or maybe having it echoed using &#39;*&#39; characters).  

Can anyone help with this?

How to get a password from a shell script without echoing

I have variable which has value `&quot;abcd.txt&quot;`.

I want to store everything before the `&quot;.txt&quot;` in a second variable, replacing the `&quot;.txt&quot;` with `&quot;.log&quot;`

I have no problem echoing the desired value:

    a=&quot;abcd.txt&quot;

    echo $a | sed &#39;s/.txt/.log/&#39;

But how do I get the value `&quot;abcd.log&quot;` into the second variable?


How to read output of sed into a variable

I&#39;m not sure if these paths are duplicates. Given the relative path, how do I determine absolute path using a shell script?

Example:

    relative path: /x/y/../../a/b/z/../c/d

    absolute path: /a/b/c/d

Content Type	Original Author	Original Content on Stackoverflow
Question	filippo	View Question on Stackoverflow
Solution 1 - Unix	eldarerathis	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 2 - Unix	waffle paradox	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 3 - Unix	sqr163	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 4 - Unix	Javeed Shakeel	View Answer on Stackoverflow

find without recursion

Unix Problem Overview

Unix Solutions

Solution 1 - Unix

Solution 2 - Unix

Solution 3 - Unix

Solution 4 - Unix

#pragma pack effect

MySQL: is a SELECT statement case sensitive?

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