eliminate duplicate array values in postgres
PostgresqlPostgresql Problem Overview
I have an array of type bigint, how can I remove the duplicate values in that array?
Ex: array[1234, 5343, 6353, 1234, 1234]
I should get array[1234, 5343, 6353, ...]
I tested out the example SELECT uniq(sort('{1,2,3,2,1}'::int[])) in the postgres manual but it is not working.
Postgresql Solutions
Solution 1 - Postgresql
I faced the same. But an array in my case is created via array_agg function. And fortunately it allows to aggregate DISTINCT values, like:
array_agg(DISTINCT value)
This works for me.
Solution 2 - Postgresql
The sort(int[]) and uniq(int[]) functions are provided by the intarray contrib module.
To enable its use, you must install the module.
If you don't want to use the intarray contrib module, or if you have to remove duplicates from arrays of different type, you have two other ways.
If you have at least PostgreSQL 8.4 you could take advantage of unnest(anyarray) function
SELECT ARRAY(SELECT DISTINCT UNNEST('{1,2,3,2,1}'::int[]) ORDER BY 1);
?column?
----------
{1,2,3}
(1 row)
Alternatively you could create your own function to do this
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION array_sort_unique (ANYARRAY) RETURNS ANYARRAY
LANGUAGE SQL
AS $body$
SELECT ARRAY(
SELECT DISTINCT $1[s.i]
FROM generate_series(array_lower($1,1), array_upper($1,1)) AS s(i)
ORDER BY 1
);
$body$;
Here is a sample invocation:
SELECT array_sort_unique('{1,2,3,2,1}'::int[]);
array_sort_unique
-------------------
{1,2,3}
(1 row)
Solution 3 - Postgresql
... Where the statandard libraries (?) for this kind of array_X utility??
Try to search... See some but no standard:
-
postgres.cz/wiki/Array_based_functions: good reference!
-
JDBurnZ/postgresql-anyarray, good initiative but needs some collaboration to enhance.
-
wiki.postgresql.org/Snippets, frustrated initiative, but "offcial wiki", needs some collaboration to enhance.
-
MADlib: good! .... but it is an elephant, not an "pure SQL snippets lib".
Simplest and faster array_distinct() snippet-lib function
Here the simplest and perhaps faster implementation for array_unique() or array_distinct():
CREATE FUNCTION array_distinct(anyarray) RETURNS anyarray AS $f$
SELECT array_agg(DISTINCT x) FROM unnest($1) t(x);
$f$ LANGUAGE SQL IMMUTABLE;
NOTE: it works as expected with any datatype, except with array of arrays,
SELECT array_distinct( array[3,3,8,2,6,6,2,3,4,1,1,6,2,2,3,99] ),
array_distinct( array['3','3','hello','hello','bye'] ),
array_distinct( array[array[3,3],array[3,3],array[3,3],array[5,6]] );
-- "{1,2,3,4,6,8,99}", "{3,bye,hello}", "{3,5,6}"
the "side effect" is to explode all arrays in a set of elements.
PS: with JSONB arrays works fine,
SELECT array_distinct( array['[3,3]'::JSONB, '[3,3]'::JSONB, '[5,6]'::JSONB] );
-- "{"[3, 3]","[5, 6]"}"
Edit: more complex but useful, a "drop nulls" parameter
CREATE FUNCTION array_distinct(
anyarray, -- input array
boolean DEFAULT false -- flag to ignore nulls
) RETURNS anyarray AS $f$
SELECT array_agg(DISTINCT x)
FROM unnest($1) t(x)
WHERE CASE WHEN $2 THEN x IS NOT NULL ELSE true END;
$f$ LANGUAGE SQL IMMUTABLE;
Solution 4 - Postgresql
Using DISTINCT implicitly sorts the array. If the relative order of the array elements needs to be preserved while removing duplicates, the function can be designed like the following: (should work from 9.4 onwards)
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION array_uniq_stable(anyarray) RETURNS anyarray AS
$body$
SELECT
array_agg(distinct_value ORDER BY first_index)
FROM
(SELECT
value AS distinct_value,
min(index) AS first_index
FROM
unnest($1) WITH ORDINALITY AS input(value, index)
GROUP BY
value
) AS unique_input
;
$body$
LANGUAGE 'sql' IMMUTABLE STRICT;
Solution 5 - Postgresql
I have assembled a set of stored procedures (functions) to combat PostgreSQL's lack of array handling coined anyarray. These functions are designed to work across any array data-type, not just integers as intarray does: https://www.github.com/JDBurnZ/anyarray
In your case, all you'd really need is anyarray_uniq.sql. Copy & paste the contents of that file into a PostgreSQL query and execute it to add the function. If you need array sorting as well, also add anyarray_sort.sql.
From there, you can peform a simple query as follows:
SELECT ANYARRAY_UNIQ(ARRAY[1234,5343,6353,1234,1234])
Returns something similar to: ARRAY[1234, 6353, 5343]
Or if you require sorting:
SELECT ANYARRAY_SORT(ANYARRAY_UNIQ(ARRAY[1234,5343,6353,1234,1234]))
Return exactly: ARRAY[1234, 5343, 6353]
Solution 6 - Postgresql
Here's the "inline" way:
SELECT 1 AS anycolumn, (
SELECT array_agg(c1)
FROM (
SELECT DISTINCT c1
FROM (
SELECT unnest(ARRAY[1234,5343,6353,1234,1234]) AS c1
) AS t1
) AS t2
) AS the_array;
First we create a set from array, then we select only distinct entries, and then aggregate it back into array.
Solution 7 - Postgresql
In a single query i did this:
SELECT (select array_agg(distinct val) from ( select unnest(:array_column) as val ) as u ) FROM :your_table;
Solution 8 - Postgresql
For people like me who still have to deal with postgres 8.2, this recursive function can eliminate duplicates without altering the sorting of the array
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION my_array_uniq(bigint[])
RETURNS bigint[] AS
$BODY$
DECLARE
n integer;
BEGIN
-- number of elements in the array
n = replace(split_part(array_dims($1),':',2),']','')::int;
IF n > 1 THEN
-- test if the last item belongs to the rest of the array
IF ($1)[1:n-1] @> ($1)[n:n] THEN
-- returns the result of the same function on the rest of the array
return my_array_uniq($1[1:n-1]);
ELSE
-- returns the result of the same function on the rest of the array plus the last element
return my_array_uniq($1[1:n-1]) || $1[n:n];
END IF;
ELSE
-- if array has only one item, returns the array
return $1;
END IF;
END;
$BODY$
LANGUAGE 'plpgsql' VOLATILE;
for exemple :
select my_array_uniq(array[3,3,8,2,6,6,2,3,4,1,1,6,2,2,3,99]);
will give
{3,8,2,6,4,1,99}