Use `json.dumps()` instead. `json.dump()` needs a file object and dump JSON to it.

It worked when I replaced 
```
json_dump = json.dump(data_set)
```
by 
```
json_dump = json.dumps(data_set)
```

I want to send a get request with an object. The object data will be used on the server to update session data. But the object doesn&#39;t seem to be sent correctly, because if I try to send it back to print it out, I just get:

 `&quot; N; &quot;`

I can do it with jQuery like this and it works:
	 
     $.get(&#39;/mysite/public/api/updatecart&#39;, { &#39;product&#39;: this.product },  data =&gt; {		
    			  console.log(data);
    		   });

The object is sent back from server with laravel like this:

    public function updateCart(Request $request){
          return serialize($request-&gt;product);

The same thing doesn&#39;t work with axios:

    axios.get(&#39;/api/updatecart&#39;, { &#39;product&#39;: this.product })		
    				.then(response =&gt; {
    					console.log(response.data);
    			});

I set a default baseURL with axios so the url is different. It reaches the api endpoint correctly and the function returns what was sent in, which was apparently not the object. I only get &quot;**N;** &quot; as result.

Send object with axios get request

I am using CSS grid to layout some items like this...

&lt;!-- begin snippet: js hide: false console: true babel: false --&gt;

&lt;!-- language: lang-css --&gt;

    #container {
      display: grid;
      grid-template-columns: 16.666% 16.666% 16.666% 16.666% 16.666% 16.666%;
    }

    .item {
      background: teal;
      color: white;
      padding: 20px;
      margin: 10px;
    }

&lt;!-- language: lang-html --&gt;

    &lt;div id=&quot;container&quot;&gt;
      &lt;div class=&quot;item&quot;&gt;Item&lt;/div&gt;
      &lt;div class=&quot;item&quot;&gt;Item&lt;/div&gt;
      &lt;div class=&quot;item&quot;&gt;Item&lt;/div&gt;
      &lt;div class=&quot;item&quot;&gt;Item&lt;/div&gt;
      &lt;div class=&quot;item&quot;&gt;Item&lt;/div&gt;
      &lt;div class=&quot;item&quot;&gt;Item&lt;/div&gt;
      &lt;div class=&quot;item&quot;&gt;Item&lt;/div&gt;
      &lt;div class=&quot;item&quot;&gt;Item&lt;/div&gt;
      &lt;div class=&quot;item&quot;&gt;Item&lt;/div&gt;
      &lt;div class=&quot;item&quot;&gt;Item&lt;/div&gt;
      &lt;div class=&quot;item&quot;&gt;Item&lt;/div&gt;
      &lt;div class=&quot;item&quot;&gt;Item&lt;/div&gt;
      &lt;div class=&quot;item&quot;&gt;Item&lt;/div&gt;
      &lt;div class=&quot;item&quot;&gt;Item&lt;/div&gt;
      &lt;div class=&quot;item&quot;&gt;Item&lt;/div&gt;
      &lt;div class=&quot;item&quot;&gt;Item&lt;/div&gt;
    &lt;/div&gt;

&lt;!-- end snippet --&gt;

How can I get the last row to be centered instead of left aligned?  I can&#39;t guarantee the number of items so want to make the layout look right for any number of items.

Is this something I should be using flexbox for instead?  Or are CSS grids a suitable use?

How to center elements on the last row in CSS Grid?

I am trying to prettify the json format but i am getting this error:

    import requests as tt
    from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
    import json
    
    get_url=tt.get(&quot;https://in.pinterest.com/search/pins/?rs=ac&amp;len=2&amp;q=batman%20motivation&amp;eq=batman%20moti&amp;etslf=5839&amp;term_meta[]=batman%7Cautocomplete%7Cundefined&amp;term_meta[]=motivation%7Cautocomplete%7Cundefined&quot;)
    soup=BeautifulSoup(get_url.text,&quot;html.parser&quot;)
    
    select_css=soup.select(&quot;script#jsInit1&quot;)[0]
    for i in select_css:
        print(json.dump(json.loads(i),indent=4,sort_keys=True))

Basically i want to extract this type of element :

    &#39;orig&#39;: {&#39;width&#39;: 1080, &#39;url&#39;: &#39;&#39;, &#39;height&#39;: 1349},

I know i can do this with 


    select_css.get(&#39;orig&#39;).get(&#39;url&#39;)

But i am not sure is this json element is nested element under any element ? That&#39;s why i am trying to prettify to get idea.


dump() missing 1 required positional argument: &#39;fp&#39; in python json

I am trying to prettify the json format but i am getting this error:
<pre><code class="hljs language-ini">import requests as tt
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import json

get_url=tt.get("https://in.pinterest.com/search/pins/?rs=ac&#x26;len=2&#x26;q=batman%20motivation&#x26;eq=batman%20moti&#x26;etslf=5839&#x26;term_meta[]=batman%7Cautocomplete%7Cundefined&#x26;term_meta[]=motivation%7Cautocomplete%7Cundefined")
soup=BeautifulSoup(get_url.text,"html.parser")

select_css=soup.select("script#jsInit1")[0]
for i in select_css:
 print(json.dump(json.loads(i),indent=4,sort_keys=True))
</code></pre>
Basically i want to extract this type of element :
<pre><code class="hljs language-css">'orig': {'width': 1080, 'url': '', 'height': 1349},
</code></pre>
I know i can do this with
<pre><code class="hljs language-csharp">select_css.get('orig').get('url')
</code></pre>
But i am not sure is this json element is nested element under any element ? That's why i am trying to prettify to get idea.

In my task what I need to do is to subtract some hours and minutes like (`0:20`,`1:10`...any value) from time (`2:34 PM`) and on the output side I need to display the time after subtraction.
time and `hh:mm` value are hardcoded 

Ex:

```lang-none
my_time = 1:05 AM

duration = 0:50
```

so output should be `12:15 PM`

Output should be exact and in AM/PM Format and Applicable for all values
(`0:00 &lt; Duration &gt; 6:00`) .

I don&#39;t care about seconds, I only need the hours and minutes.



Subtract hours and minutes from time

I&#39;m facing this error for multiple variables even treating missing values.
For example:

    le = preprocessing.LabelEncoder()
    categorical = list(df.select_dtypes(include=[&#39;object&#39;]).columns.values)
    for cat in categorical:
        print(cat)
        df[cat].fillna(&#39;UNK&#39;, inplace=True)
        df[cat] = le.fit_transform(df[cat])
    #     print(le.classes_)
    #     print(le.transform(le.classes_))


    ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    TypeError                                 Traceback (most recent call last)
    &lt;ipython-input-24-424a0952f9d0&gt; in &lt;module&gt;()
          4     print(cat)
          5     df[cat].fillna(&#39;UNK&#39;, inplace=True)
    ----&gt; 6     df[cat] = le.fit_transform(df[cat].fillna(&#39;UNK&#39;))
          7 #     print(le.classes_)
          8 #     print(le.transform(le.classes_))
    
    C:\Users\paula.ceccon.ribeiro\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\sklearn\preprocessing\label.py in fit_transform(self, y)
        129         y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
        130         _check_numpy_unicode_bug(y)
    --&gt; 131         self.classes_, y = np.unique(y, return_inverse=True)
        132         return y
        133 
    
    C:\Users\paula.ceccon.ribeiro\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\numpy\lib\arraysetops.py in unique(ar, return_index, return_inverse, return_counts)
        209 
        210     if optional_indices:
    --&gt; 211         perm = ar.argsort(kind=&#39;mergesort&#39; if return_index else &#39;quicksort&#39;)
        212         aux = ar[perm]
        213     else:
    
    TypeError: &#39;&gt;&#39; not supported between instances of &#39;float&#39; and &#39;str&#39;

Checking the variable that lead to the error results ins:

    df[&#39;CRM do M&#233;dico&#39;].isnull().sum()
    0

Besides nan values, what could be causing this error?

LabelEncoder: TypeError: &#39;&gt;&#39; not supported between instances of &#39;float&#39; and &#39;str&#39;

I&#39;m using the following code to agregate students per year. The purpose is to know the total number of student for each year.

    from pyspark.sql.functions import col
    import pyspark.sql.functions as fn
    gr = Df2.groupby([&#39;Year&#39;])
    df_grouped = 
    gr.agg(fn.count(col(&#39;Student_ID&#39;)).alias(&#39;total_student_by_year&#39;))

The problem that I discovered that so many ID&#39;s are repeated, so the result is wrong and huge.

I want to agregate the students by year, count the total number of student by year and avoid the repetition of ID&#39;s.

How to count unique ID after groupBy in pyspark

This should be an easy one, but somehow I couldn&#39;t find a solution that works.

I have a pandas dataframe which looks like this:

    index col1   col2   col3   col4   col5
    0     a      c      1      2      f 
    1     a      c      1      2      f
    2     a      d      1      2      f
    3     b      d      1      2      g
    4     b      e      1      2      g
    5     b      e      1      2      g

**I want to group by col1 and col2 and get the `sum()` of col3 and col4.** `col5` can be dropped since the data can not be aggregated.

Here is what the output should look like. I am interested in having both `col3` and `col4` in the resulting dataframe. It doesn&#39;t really matter if `col1` and `col2` are part of the index or not.

    index col1   col2   col3   col4   
    0     a      c      2      4          
    1     a      d      1      2      
    2     b      d      1      2      
    3     b      e      2      4      
      

Here is what I tried:

    df_new = df.groupby([&#39;col1&#39;, &#39;col2&#39;])[&#39;col3&#39;, &#39;col4&#39;].sum()

That however only returns the aggregated results of `col4`.

I am lost here. Every example I found only aggregates one column, where the issue obviously doesn&#39;t occur.



Pandas - dataframe groupby - how to get sum of multiple columns

I am using the latest version of Anaconda3. I just installed it and I am trying to download some packages. I am using the Anaconda Prompt. While trying to use pip to do anything (including upgrading existing packages) I get the following traceback.

        Exception:
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File &quot;C:\Users\csprock\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pip\basecommand.py&quot;, line 215, in main
        status = self.run(options, args)
      File &quot;C:\Users\csprock\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pip\commands\install.py&quot;, line 335, in run
        wb.build(autobuilding=True)
      File &quot;C:\Users\csprock\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pip\wheel.py&quot;, line 749, in build
        self.requirement_set.prepare_files(self.finder)
      File &quot;C:\Users\csprock\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pip\req\req_set.py&quot;, line 380, in prepare_files
        ignore_dependencies=self.ignore_dependencies))
      File &quot;C:\Users\csprock\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pip\req\req_set.py&quot;, line 487, in _prepare_file
        req_to_install, finder)
      File &quot;C:\Users\csprock\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pip\req\req_set.py&quot;, line 428, in _check_skip_installed
        req_to_install, upgrade_allowed)
      File &quot;C:\Users\csprock\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pip\index.py&quot;, line 465, in find_requirement
        all_candidates = self.find_all_candidates(req.name)
      File &quot;C:\Users\csprock\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pip\index.py&quot;, line 423, in find_all_candidates
        for page in self._get_pages(url_locations, project_name):
      File &quot;C:\Users\csprock\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pip\index.py&quot;, line 568, in _get_pages
        page = self._get_page(location)
      File &quot;C:\Users\csprock\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pip\index.py&quot;, line 683, in _get_page
        return HTMLPage.get_page(link, session=self.session)
      File &quot;C:\Users\csprock\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pip\index.py&quot;, line 811, in get_page
        inst = cls(resp.content, resp.url, resp.headers)
      File &quot;C:\Users\csprock\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pip\index.py&quot;, line 731, in __init__
        namespaceHTMLElements=False,
    TypeError: parse() got an unexpected keyword argument &#39;transport_encoding&#39;

Any ideas? (this problem only started after I installed tensorflow) Thanks. 

pip throws TypeError: parse() got an unexpected keyword argument &#39;transport_encoding&#39; when trying to install new packages

I just want to make VS Code&#39;s debugger work with webpack-dev-server without ignoring my breakpoints.

Now, webpack-dev-server serves the bundled files from memory, while, if I understand this correctly, the VS Code debugger searches for them on disk (...or not?...)

As a result, whenever I set a breakpoint I get the dreaded

`Breakpoint ignored because generated code not found (source map problem?)`

Now, every related question I could find had to do with typescript mostly, and not with the fact that webpack-dev-server serves from memory. I am not using typescript. Seems that people are either not using webpack-dev-server, or I am missing something blatantly obvious, with my money on the latter.

This is my VS Code `launch.json`


    {
      // Use IntelliSense to learn about possible attributes.
      // Hover to view descriptions of existing attributes.
      // For more information, visit: https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=830387
      &quot;version&quot;: &quot;0.2.0&quot;,
      &quot;configurations&quot;: [
        {
          &quot;type&quot;: &quot;chrome&quot;,
          &quot;request&quot;: &quot;launch&quot;,
          &quot;name&quot;: &quot;Launch Chrome against localhost&quot;,
          &quot;url&quot;: &quot;http://localhost:8080&quot;,
          &quot;webRoot&quot;: &quot;${workspaceRoot}&quot;,
          &quot;sourceMaps&quot;: true,
          &quot;trace&quot;: true
        }
      ]
    }


and these are the related lines from my `webpack.config.js`


      devtool: &#39;cheap-module-source-map&#39;,
      output: {
        path: path.join(__dirname, &#39;dist&#39;),
        filename: &#39;[name].[chunkhash].js&#39;
      },


I have tried various modifications to the `launch.json` to no avail, so I am just pasting it in vanilla form. 

Note that the `output.path` is only used when there is a production build and the files are spewed to disk. 

Here is what the structure of the files is in the served page: 

[![enter image description here][1]][1]

And here is the command I am running in development

      &quot;scripts&quot;: {
        &quot;start&quot;: &quot;webpack-dev-server --host 0.0.0.0 --config ./webpack.config.js&quot;
      },

Finally, here is a relevant chunk from the trace file

    From target: {&quot;method&quot;:&quot;Debugger.scriptParsed&quot;,&quot;params&quot;:{&quot;scriptId&quot;:&quot;30&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;http://localhost:8080/manifest.0ec68ebd5f0abf9b4cd4.js&quot;,&quot;startLine&quot;:0,&quot;startColumn&quot;:0,&quot;endLine&quot;:150,&quot;endColumn&quot;:57,&quot;executionContextId&quot;:2,&quot;hash&quot;:&quot;216099518F33D6091EC12795265804FB35669A30&quot;,&quot;executionContextAuxData&quot;:{&quot;isDefault&quot;:true,&quot;frameId&quot;:&quot;18228.1&quot;},&quot;isLiveEdit&quot;:false,&quot;sourceMapURL&quot;:&quot;manifest.0ec68ebd5f0abf9b4cd4.js.map&quot;,&quot;hasSourceURL&quot;:false,&quot;isModule&quot;:false,&quot;length&quot;:5906}}
    Paths.scriptParsed: could not resolve http://localhost:8080/manifest.0ec68ebd5f0abf9b4cd4.js to a file under webRoot: e:\Mitch\Workspace\Projects\project-name. It may be external or served directly from the server&#39;s memory (and that&#39;s OK).
    SourceMaps.getMapForGeneratedPath: Finding SourceMap for http://localhost:8080/manifest.0ec68ebd5f0abf9b4cd4.js by URI: manifest.0ec68ebd5f0abf9b4cd4.js.map and webRoot: e:\Mitch\Workspace\Projects\project-name
    SourceMaps.loadSourceMapContents: Downloading sourcemap file from http://localhost:8080/manifest.0ec68ebd5f0abf9b4cd4.js.map
    To client: {&quot;seq&quot;:0,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;event&quot;,&quot;event&quot;:&quot;script&quot;,&quot;body&quot;:{&quot;reason&quot;:&quot;new&quot;,&quot;script&quot;:{&quot;id&quot;:1,&quot;source&quot;:{&quot;name&quot;:&quot;manifest.0ec68ebd5f0abf9b4cd4.js&quot;,&quot;path&quot;:&quot;http://localhost:8080/manifest.0ec68ebd5f0abf9b4cd4.js&quot;,&quot;sourceReference&quot;:1001}}}}
    To client: {&quot;seq&quot;:0,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;event&quot;,&quot;event&quot;:&quot;scriptLoaded&quot;,&quot;body&quot;:{&quot;path&quot;:&quot;http://localhost:8080/manifest.0ec68ebd5f0abf9b4cd4.js&quot;}}
    SourceMap: creating for http://localhost:8080/manifest.0ec68ebd5f0abf9b4cd4.js
    SourceMap: sourceRoot: 
    SourceMap: sources: [&quot;webpack:///webpack/bootstrap 7617f9bf7c8b0bc95159&quot;]
    SourceMap: webRoot: e:\Mitch\Workspace\Projects\project-name
    SourceMap: no sourceRoot specified, using webRoot + script path dirname: e:\Mitch\Workspace\Projects\project-name\
    SourceMap: mapping webpack:///webpack/bootstrap 7617f9bf7c8b0bc95159 =&gt; webpack\bootstrap 7617f9bf7c8b0bc95159, via sourceMapPathOverrides entry - &quot;webpack:///*&quot;: &quot;*&quot;
    SourceMaps.scriptParsed: http://localhost:8080/manifest.0ec68ebd5f0abf9b4cd4.js was just loaded and has mapped sources: [&quot;webpack\\bootstrap 7617f9bf7c8b0bc95159&quot;]


  [1]: https://i.stack.imgur.com/M8CQl.png

How to use VS Code debugger with webpack-dev-server (breakpoints ignored)

I have a json object as shown below. where i want to delete the &quot;otherIndustry&quot; entry and its value by using below code which doesn&#39;t worked.

    var updatedjsonobj = delete myjsonobj[&#39;otherIndustry&#39;];

How to remove Json object specific key and its value.
Below is my example json object where i want to remove &quot;otherIndustry&quot; key and its value.

  

    var myjsonobj =  {
          &quot;employeeid&quot;: &quot;160915848&quot;,
          &quot;firstName&quot;: &quot;tet&quot;,
          &quot;lastName&quot;: &quot;test&quot;,
          &quot;email&quot;: &quot;test@email.com&quot;,
          &quot;country&quot;: &quot;Brasil&quot;,
          &quot;currentIndustry&quot;: &quot;aaaaaaaaaaaaa&quot;,
          &quot;otherIndustry&quot;: &quot;aaaaaaaaaaaaa&quot;,
          &quot;currentOrganization&quot;: &quot;test&quot;,
          &quot;salary&quot;: &quot;1234567&quot;
        };
    delete myjsonobj [&#39;otherIndustry&#39;];
    console.log(myjsonobj);

where the log still prints the same object without removing &#39;otherIndustry&#39; entry from the object.

how to remove json object key and value.?

Only at the checkout and on individual product pages I am getting the following error in the console log:

    VM35594:1 Uncaught SyntaxError: Unexpected token u in JSON at position 0
        at JSON.parse (&lt;anonymous&gt;)
        at run (layout.min.js:9)
        at app.min.js:1
        at main.min.js:2
        at Object.execCb (require.min.js:112)
        at Module.check (require.min.js:56)
        at Module.&lt;anonymous&gt; (require.min.js:72)
        at require.min.js:11
        at require.min.js:74
        at each (require.min.js:3)

I am using a one page checkout extension, but when I disable that the error still shows. I thought it might had something to do with the reviews on the product page (as I moved the reviews out of the tabs), but undoing that change didn&#39;t fix the error on the product pages.

Uncaught SyntaxError: Unexpected token u in JSON at position 0

Following 

**[How to use async/await with axios in react][1]**

I am trying to make a simple get request to my server using Async/Await in a React.js App. 
The server loads a simple JSON at `/data` which looks like this

**JSON**

    {
       id: 1,
       name: &quot;Aditya&quot;
    }
I am able to get the data to my React App using simple jquery ajax get method.
However, I want to make use of axios library and Async/Await to follow ES7 standards.
My current code looks like this:

    class App extends React.Component{
     async getData(){
         const res = await axios(&#39;/data&#39;);
         console.log(res.json());
     }
     render(){
         return(
             &lt;div&gt;
                 {this.getData()}
             &lt;/div&gt;
         );
     }
    }

Using this approach I get the following error: 

&gt; Objects are not valid as a React child (found: [object Promise]). If
&gt; you meant to render a collection of children, use an array instead.

Am I not implementing it correctly?


  [1]: https://medium.com/@adityasingh_32512/how-to-use-async-await-with-axios-in-react-e07daac2905f

Use Async/Await with Axios in React.js

I am getting the following error :

The data couldn’t be read because it is missing.


When I run the following code:
        
    struct Indicator: Decodable {
        let section: String
        let key: Int
        let indicator: Int
        let threshold: Int
    }
        var indicators = [Indicator]()
        
        do {
            if let file = Bundle.main.url(forResource: &quot;indicators&quot;, withExtension: &quot;json&quot;) {
                indicators = try JSONDecoder().decode([Indicator].self, from: try Data(contentsOf: file))
            }
        } catch {
            print(error.localizedDescription)
        }

These are in a function, but I have removed them for clarity. I have a code block which is very similar in a different file (I copied this code from there and changed the names essentially) so I&#39;m not sure why it&#39;s happening. The json file is valid json and has it&#39;s target properly set.

Thanks

&quot;The data couldn’t be read because it is missing&quot; error when decoding JSON in Swift

I am trying to do an import in python from one directory level up.

    import sys
    
    sys.path.append(&#39;..&#39;)
    from cn_modules import exception

I get an Error from VSCode when I try to do Run Build Task as:

&gt; ImportError: No module named cn_modules

**The same code works without any error from terminal (python)**.&lt;br&gt;
I face the problem when I try to run it **from VSCode Run Build task**. &lt;br&gt;Any clue on what is wrong here?

Have spent quiet some time but not able to resolve this, Any help is appreciated.


----------
NOTE: this works when i do debug using vscode too. Below are my config for launch.json and tasks.json&lt;br&gt;

launch.json
   
     {
            &quot;version&quot;: &quot;0.2.0&quot;,
            &quot;configurations&quot;: [
                {
                    &quot;name&quot;: &quot;Python Console App&quot;,
                    &quot;type&quot;: &quot;python&quot;,
                    &quot;request&quot;: &quot;launch&quot;,
                    &quot;stopOnEntry&quot;: true,
                    &quot;program&quot;: &quot;${file}&quot;,
                    &quot;externalConsole&quot;: true,
                    &quot;debugOptions&quot;: [
                        &quot;WaitOnAbnormalExit&quot;,
                        &quot;WaitOnNormalExit&quot;
                    ],
                    &quot;env&quot;: {},
                    &quot;envFile&quot;: &quot;${workspaceRoot}/.env&quot;,
                    &quot;console&quot;:&quot;integratedTerminal&quot;,
                    &quot;pythonPath&quot;: &quot;${config:python.pythonPath}&quot;
                }
            ]
        }

 

   tasks.json
    

    {
        	&quot;version&quot;: &quot;0.1.0&quot;,
        	&quot;command&quot;: &quot;/usr/bin/python&quot;,
        	&quot;isShellCommand&quot;: true,
        	&quot;args&quot;: [&quot;${file}&quot;],
        	&quot;showOutput&quot;: &quot;always&quot;,
        	&quot;env&quot;: {},
        	&quot;envFile&quot;: &quot;${workspaceRoot}/.env&quot;,
        	&quot;pythonPath&quot;: &quot;${config:python.pythonPath}&quot;
     }


vscode import error for python module

A `tuple` takes less memory space in Python:

    &gt;&gt;&gt; a = (1,2,3)
    &gt;&gt;&gt; a.__sizeof__()
    48

whereas `list`s takes more memory space:

    &gt;&gt;&gt; b = [1,2,3]
    &gt;&gt;&gt; b.__sizeof__()
    64

What happens internally on the Python memory management? 

Why do tuples take less space in memory than lists?

What is the correct type annotation for a `__init__` function in python?

    class MyClass:
        ...

Which of the following would make more sense?

    def __init__(self):
        # type: (None) -&gt; None

    def __init__(self):
        # type: (MyClass) -&gt; MyClass

    def __init__(self):
        # type: (None) -&gt; MyClass

Since we would normally instantiate as `myclass = MyClass()`, but the `__init__` function itself has no return value.

Correct Type annotation for __init__

Hi: I am trying to use the `Pandas` `DataFrame.to_csv` method to save a `dataframe` to a `csv` file:

    filename = &#39;./dir/name.csv&#39;

    df.to_csv(filename)


However I am getting the error:

    IOError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: &#39;./dir/name.csv&#39;

Shouldn&#39;t the `to_csv` method be able to create the file if it doesn&#39;t exist? This is what I am intending for it to do.




Pandas DataFrame.to_csv raising IOError: No such file or directory

I am trying to read a `.xlsx` with pandas, but get the follwing error:

    data = pd.read_excel(low_memory=False, io=&quot;DataAnalysis1/temp1.xlsx&quot;).fillna(value=0) 

    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File &quot;/Users/Vineeth/PycharmProjects/DataAnalysis1/try1.py&quot;, line 9, in &lt;module&gt;
        data = pd.read_excel(low_memory=False, io=&quot;DataAnalysis1/temp1.xlsx&quot;).fillna(value=0)
      File &quot;/Users/Vineeth/venv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pandas/util/_decorators.py&quot;, line 118, in wrapper
        return func(*args, **kwargs)
      File &quot;/Users/Vineeth/venv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pandas/io/excel.py&quot;, line 230, in read_excel
        io = ExcelFile(io, engine=engine)
      File &quot;/Users/Vineeth/venv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pandas/io/excel.py&quot;, line 263, in __init__
        raise ImportError(err_msg)
    ImportError: Install xlrd &gt;= 0.9.0 for Excel support

I&#39;ve also tried

    data = pd.read_excel(&quot;DataAnalysis1/temp1.xlsx&quot;, low_memory=False).fillna(value=0)

And I Still get the same error.

Background: I&#39;m trying to extract an excel file with multiple worksheets as a dict of data frames.I installed xlrd version 0.9.0 and the latest version(1.1.0) but I still get the same error. Thanks!





Python: Pandas pd.read_excel giving ImportError: Install xlrd &gt;= 0.9.0 for Excel support

I&#39;m using Windows, and I&#39;m trying to install package cv2 for python3.

I did a `pip3 install opencv-python` and it reports successful:

[![opencv-python3 is installed][1]][1]

But when I do the `import cv2` from python3, it&#39;s not found and I get weird errors:
 
[![enter image description here][2]][2]

What am I doing wrong?

  [1]: https://i.stack.imgur.com/7nsl4.png
  [2]: https://i.stack.imgur.com/xNFfw.png

How to import cv2 in python3?

I have a async function and need to run in with apscheduller every N minutes.
There is a python code below


    
    URL_LIST = [&#39;&lt;url1&gt;&#39;,
                &#39;&lt;url2&gt;&#39;,
                &#39;&lt;url2&gt;&#39;,
                ]
    
    def demo_async(urls):
        &quot;&quot;&quot;Fetch list of web pages asynchronously.&quot;&quot;&quot;
        loop = asyncio.get_event_loop() # event loop
        future = asyncio.ensure_future(fetch_all(urls)) # tasks to do
        loop.run_until_complete(future) # loop until done
        
    async def fetch_all(urls):
        tasks = [] # dictionary of start times for each url
        async with ClientSession() as session:
            for url in urls:
                task = asyncio.ensure_future(fetch(url, session))
                tasks.append(task) # create list of tasks
            _ = await asyncio.gather(*tasks) # gather task responses
   
    async def fetch(url, session):
        &quot;&quot;&quot;Fetch a url, using specified ClientSession.&quot;&quot;&quot;
        async with session.get(url) as response:
            resp = await response.read()
            print(resp)
   
    if __name__ == &#39;__main__&#39;:
        scheduler = AsyncIOScheduler()
        scheduler.add_job(demo_async, args=[URL_LIST], trigger=&#39;interval&#39;, seconds=15)
        scheduler.start()
        print(&#39;Press Ctrl+{0} to exit&#39;.format(&#39;Break&#39; if os.name == &#39;nt&#39; else &#39;C&#39;))
    
        # Execution will block here until Ctrl+C (Ctrl+Break on Windows) is pressed.
        try:
            asyncio.get_event_loop().run_forever()
        except (KeyboardInterrupt, SystemExit):
            pass


But when i tried to run it i have the next error info

    Job &quot;demo_async (trigger: interval[0:00:15], next run at: 2017-10-12 18:21:12 +04)&quot; raised an exception.....
    ..........\lib\asyncio\events.py&quot;, line 584, in get_event_loop
        % threading.current_thread().name)
    RuntimeError: There is no current event loop in thread &#39;&lt;concurrent.futures.thread.ThreadPoolExecutor object at 0x0356B150&gt;_0&#39;.

Could you please help me with this? 
Python 3.6, APScheduler 3.3.1, 


RuntimeError: There is no current event loop in thread in async + apscheduler

I am running this code with python, selenium, and firefox but still get &#39;head&#39; version of firefox:

    binary = FirefoxBinary(&#39;C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Mozilla Firefox\\firefox.exe&#39;, log_file=sys.stdout)
    binary.add_command_line_options(&#39;-headless&#39;)
    self.driver = webdriver.Firefox(firefox_binary=binary)

I also tried some variations of binary:

    binary = FirefoxBinary(&#39;C:\\Program Files\\Nightly\\firefox.exe&#39;, log_file=sys.stdout)
            binary.add_command_line_options(&quot;--headless&quot;)


How to make Firefox headless programmatically in Selenium with Python?

We all know that the common way of executing a statement a certain number of times in Python is to use a `for` loop.

The general way of doing this is,

    # I am assuming iterated list is redundant.
    # Just the number of execution matters.
    for _ in range(count):
        pass

I believe nobody will argue that the code above is the common implementation, however there is another option. Using the speed of Python list creation by multiplying references.

    # Uncommon way.
    for _ in [0] * count:
        pass

There is also the old `while` way.

    i = 0
    while i &lt; count:
        i += 1

I tested the execution times of these approaches. Here is the code.

    import timeit

    repeat = 10
    total = 10

    setup = &quot;&quot;&quot;
    count = 100000
    &quot;&quot;&quot;

    test1 = &quot;&quot;&quot;
    for _ in range(count):
        pass
    &quot;&quot;&quot;

    test2 = &quot;&quot;&quot;
    for _ in [0] * count:
        pass
    &quot;&quot;&quot;

    test3 = &quot;&quot;&quot;
    i = 0
    while i &lt; count:
        i += 1
    &quot;&quot;&quot;

    print(min(timeit.Timer(test1, setup=setup).repeat(repeat, total)))
    print(min(timeit.Timer(test2, setup=setup).repeat(repeat, total)))
    print(min(timeit.Timer(test3, setup=setup).repeat(repeat, total)))

    # Results
    0.02238852552017738
    0.011760978361696095
    0.06971727824807639

I would not initiate the subject if there was a small difference, however it can be seen that the difference of speed is 100%. Why does not Python encourage such usage if the second method is much more efficient? Is there a better way?

The test is done with **Windows 10** and **Python 3.6**.

Following @Tim Peters&#39; suggestion,

    .
    .
    .
    test4 = &quot;&quot;&quot;
    for _ in itertools.repeat(None, count):
        pass
    &quot;&quot;&quot;
    print(min(timeit.Timer(test1, setup=setup).repeat(repeat, total)))
    print(min(timeit.Timer(test2, setup=setup).repeat(repeat, total)))
    print(min(timeit.Timer(test3, setup=setup).repeat(repeat, total)))
    print(min(timeit.Timer(test4, setup=setup).repeat(repeat, total)))

    # Gives
    0.02306803115612352
    0.013021619340942758
    0.06400113461638746
    0.008105080015739174

Which offers a much better way, and this pretty much answers my question. 

Why is this faster than `range`, since both are generators. Is it because the value never changes?


Content Type	Original Author	Original Content on Stackoverflow
Question	Aaditya Ura	View Question on Stackoverflow
Solution 1 - Python	Hou Lu	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 2 - Python	vinod.s.kadam	View Answer on Stackoverflow

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