That piece of information is in the [`META`][1] attribute of the `HttpRequest`, and it&#39;s the `HTTP_REFERER` (sic) key, so I believe you should be able to access it in the template as:
 
    {{ request.META.HTTP_REFERER }}

Works in the shell:

    &gt;&gt;&gt; from django.template import *
    &gt;&gt;&gt; t = Template(&quot;{{ request.META.HTTP_REFERER }}&quot;)
    &gt;&gt;&gt; from django.http import HttpRequest
    &gt;&gt;&gt; req = HttpRequest()
    &gt;&gt;&gt; req.META
    {}
    &gt;&gt;&gt; req.META[&#39;HTTP_REFERER&#39;] = &#39;google.com&#39;
    &gt;&gt;&gt; c = Context({&#39;request&#39;: req})
    &gt;&gt;&gt; t.render(c)
    u&#39;google.com&#39;


   [1]:http://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/ref/request-response/#django.http.HttpRequest.META

Rajeev, this is what I do:

  
     &lt;a href=&quot;{{ request.META.HTTP_REFERER }}&quot;&gt;Referring Page&lt;/a&gt;

This worked for me ```request.META.get(&#39;HTTP_REFERER&#39;)```
With this you won&#39;t get an error if doesn&#39;t exist, you will get None instead


Is it possible to get the results of a test (i.e. whether all assertions have passed) in a tearDown() method? I&#39;m running Selenium scripts, and I&#39;d like to do some reporting from inside tearDown(), however I don&#39;t know if this is possible.

Getting Python&#39;s unittest results in a tearDown() method

I have a chm file that I can open at home. I use windows XP at home and at work. However, when I open the file at work it doesn&#39;t show the contents of the file. It properly shows the TOC for the file though. Any ideas pls?

chm viewer unable to show contents

I am passing the request to the template page.In django template how to pass the  last page from which the new page was initialised.Instead of history.go(-1) i need to use this


     {{request.http referer}} ??

     &lt;input type=&quot;button&quot; value=&quot;Back&quot; /&gt; //onlcick how to call the referrer 

Django request to find previous referrer

I am passing the request to the template page.In django template how to pass the last page from which the new page was initialised.Instead of history.go(-1) i need to use this
<pre><code class="hljs language-go"> {{request.http referer}} ??

 &#x3C;input type="button" value="Back" /> //onlcick how to call the referrer 
</code></pre>

I’ve got a Django model with two custom manager methods. Each returns a different subset of the model’s objects, based on a different property of the object.

Is there any way to get a queryset, or just a list of objects, that’s the union of the querysets returned by each manager method?

How can I find the union of two Django querysets?

I made a Django admin site using [Django development version][1] but it isn&#39;t being styled:

![alt text][2]


  [1]: http://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/ref/contrib/admin/
  [2]: http://i.stack.imgur.com/YptQc.png


Why does my Django admin site not have styles / CSS loading?

I have the following:

    answers = Answer.objects.filter(id__in=[answer.id for answer in answer_set.answers.all()])

then later:

    for i in range(len(answers)):
        # iterate through all existing QuestionAnswer objects
        for existing_question_answer in existing_question_answers:
            # if an answer is already associated, remove it from the
            # list of answers to save
            if answers[i].id == existing_question_answer.answer.id:
                answers.remove(answers[i])           # doesn&#39;t work
                existing_question_answers.remove(existing_question_answer)

I get an error:

    &#39;QuerySet&#39; object has no attribute &#39;remove&#39;

I&#39;ve tried all sorts to convert the QuerySet to a standard set or list. Nothing works.

How can I remove an item from the QuerySet so it doesn&#39;t delete it from the database, and doesn&#39;t return a new QuerySet (since it&#39;s in a loop that won&#39;t work)?

How to convert a Django QuerySet to a list?

I have a situation where I want to use the Meta options of `unique_together` to enforce a certain rule, here&#39;s the intermediary model:

&lt;!-- language: python --&gt;

    class UserProfileExtension(models.Model):
        extension = models.ForeignKey(Extension, unique=False)
        userprofile = models.ForeignKey(UserProfile, unique=False)
        user = models.ForeignKey(User, unique=False)  
        
        class Meta:
            unique_together = ((&quot;userprofile&quot;, &quot;extension&quot;),
                               (&quot;user&quot;, &quot;extension&quot;),
                               # How can I enforce UserProfile&#39;s Client 
                               # and Extension to be unique? This obviously
                               # doesn&#39;t work, but is this idea possible without
                               # creating another FK in my intermediary model 
                               (&quot;userprofile__client&quot;, &quot;extension&quot;))



and here&#39;s UserProfile:

&lt;!-- language: python --&gt;

    class UserProfile(models.Model):
        user = models.ForeignKey(User, unique=True)
        client = models.ForeignKey(Client)


Thanks.


Django Unique Together (with foreign keys)

I&#39;m just curious if anyone knows if there&#39;s good reason why django&#39;s orm doesn&#39;t call &#39;full_clean&#39; on a model unless it is being saved as part of a model form.  

&gt; Note that full_clean() will not be called automatically when you call your model’s save() method. You’ll need to call it manually when you want to run one-step model validation for your own manually created models.
[django&#39;s full clean doc][1]

(NOTE: quote updated for Django 1.6... previous django docs had a caveat about ModelForms as well.)

Are there good reasons why people wouldn&#39;t want this behavior? I&#39;d think if you took the time to add validation to a model, you&#39;d want that validation run every time the model is saved.

I know how to get everything to work properly, I&#39;m just looking  for an explanation.


  [1]: http://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/ref/models/instances/?from=olddocs#django.db.models.Model.full_clean

Why doesn&#39;t django&#39;s model.save() call full_clean()?

I have a field allow NULL value, but how can I set it back to NULL? not blank

Django: How to set a field to NULL?

I am trying to filter a bunch of objects through a many-to-many relation. Because the `trigger_roles` field may contain multiple entries I tried the `contains` filter. But as that is designed to be used with strings I&#39;m pretty much helpless how i should filter this relation (you can ignore the `values_list()` atm.).

This function is attached to the user profile:

    def getVisiblePackages(self):
        visiblePackages = {}   
        for product in self.products.all():
            moduleDict = {}
            for module in product.module_set.all():
                pkgList = []
                involvedStatus = module.workflow_set.filter(trigger_roles__contains=self.role.id,allowed=True).values_list(&#39;current_state&#39;, flat=True)

My workflow model looks like this (simplified):

    class Workflow(models.Model):
        module = models.ForeignKey(Module)
        current_state = models.ForeignKey(Status)
        next_state = models.ForeignKey(Status)
        allowed = models.BooleanField(default=False)
        involved_roles = models.ManyToManyField(Role, blank=True, null=True)
        trigger_roles = models.ManyToManyField(Role, blank=True, null=True)

Though the solution might be quiet simple, my brain won&#39;t tell me.

Thanks for your help.

Django filter many-to-many with contains

I&#39;d like to add request parameters to a `{% url %}` tag, like `?office=foobar`.

Is this possible? I can&#39;t find anything on it.

Is it possible to pass query parameters via Django&#39;s {% url %} template tag?

I have looked a lot on google for answers of how to use the &#39;url&#39; tag in templates only to find many responses saying &#39;You just insert it into your template and point it at the view you want the url for&#39;. Well no joy for me :( I have tried every permutation possible and have resorted to posting here as a last resort.

So here it is. My urls.py looks like this:

    from django.conf.urls.defaults import *
    from login.views import *
    from mainapp.views import *
    import settings
    
    # Uncomment the next two lines to enable the admin:
    from django.contrib import admin
    admin.autodiscover()
    
    urlpatterns = patterns(&#39;&#39;,
        # Example:
        # (r&#39;^weclaim/&#39;, include(&#39;weclaim.foo.urls&#39;)),
        (r&#39;^login/&#39;, login_view),
        (r&#39;^logout/&#39;, logout_view),
        (&#39;^$&#39;, main_view),
    
        # Uncomment the admin/doc line below and add &#39;django.contrib.admindocs&#39; 
        # to INSTALLED_APPS to enable admin documentation:
        # (r&#39;^admin/doc/&#39;, include(&#39;django.contrib.admindocs.urls&#39;)),
    
        # Uncomment the next line to enable the admin:
        (r&#39;^admin/&#39;, include(admin.site.urls)),
        #(r&#39;^static/(?P&lt;path&gt;.*)$&#39;, &#39;django.views.static.serve&#39;,{&#39;document_root&#39;: &#39;/home/arthur/Software/django/weclaim/templates/static&#39;}),
        (r&#39;^static/(?P&lt;path&gt;.*)$&#39;, &#39;django.views.static.serve&#39;,{&#39;document_root&#39;: settings.MEDIA_ROOT}),
    )

My &#39;views.py&#39; in my &#39;login&#39; directory looks like:

    from django.shortcuts import render_to_response, redirect
    from django.template import RequestContext
    from django.contrib import auth
    
    def login_view(request):
        if request.method == &#39;POST&#39;:
            uname = request.POST.get(&#39;username&#39;, &#39;&#39;)
            psword = request.POST.get(&#39;password&#39;, &#39;&#39;)
            user = auth.authenticate(username=uname, password=psword)
            # if the user logs in and is active
            if user is not None and user.is_active:
                auth.login(request, user)
                return render_to_response(&#39;main/main.html&#39;, {}, context_instance=RequestContext(request))
                #return redirect(main_view)
            else:
                return render_to_response(&#39;loginpage.html&#39;, {&#39;box_width&#39;: &#39;402&#39;, &#39;login_failed&#39;: &#39;1&#39;,}, context_instance=RequestContext(request))
        else:
            return render_to_response(&#39;loginpage.html&#39;, {&#39;box_width&#39;: &#39;400&#39;,}, context_instance=RequestContext(request))
    
    def logout_view(request):
        auth.logout(request)
        return render_to_response(&#39;loginpage.html&#39;, {&#39;box_width&#39;: &#39;402&#39;, &#39;logged_out&#39;: &#39;1&#39;,}, context_instance=RequestContext(request))

and finally the main.html to which the login_view points looks like:

    &lt;html&gt;
    &lt;body&gt;
    test! &lt;a href=&quot;{% url logout_view %}&quot;&gt;logout&lt;/a&gt;
    &lt;/body&gt;
    &lt;/html&gt;

So why do I get &#39;NoReverseMatch&#39; every time?

*(on a slightly different note I had to use &#39;context_instance=RequestContext(request)&#39; at the end of all my render-to-response&#39;s because otherwise it would not recognise {{ MEDIA_URL }} in my templates and I couldn&#39;t reference any css or js files. I&#39;m not to sure why this is. Doesn&#39;t seem right to me)*

Using {% url ??? %} in django templates

This may be simple, but I looked around and couldn&#39;t find an answer.  What&#39;s the best way to reference a single item in a list from a Django template?

In other words, how do I do the equivalent of `{{ data[0] }}` within the template language?



Reference list item by index within Django template?

&lt;br&gt;I am trying to pass in url parameters to a django template like this...

    response = render_to_string(&#39;persistConTemplate.html&#39;, request.GET)

This the calling line from my views.py file.  persistConTemplate.html is the name of my template and request.GET is the dictionary that contains the url parameters.

In the template I try to use one of the parameters like this...

    {% for item in (numItems) %}

      item {{item}}

    {% endfor %}

numItems is one of the url parameters that I am sending in my request like this...

    http:/someDomain/persistentConTest.html/?numItems=12

When I try the for loop above, I get an output like this....
&gt;image 1 image 2

I am expecting and would like to see the word image printed 12 times...

&gt;image 1 image 2 image 3 image 4 image 5 image 6 image 7 image 8 image 9 image 10 image 11 image 12

Can anyone please tell me what I am going wrong?


Need to convert a string to int in a django template

I use the &#39;messages&#39; interface to pass messages to user like this:

    request.user.message_set.create(message=message)

I would like to include html in my `{{ message }}` variable and render it without escaping the markup in the template.

Rendering a template variable as HTML

One of my view needs to add an item, along with other functionality, but I already have another view which specifically adds an item. 

Can I do something like:

    def specific_add_item_view(request):
        item = Item.objects.create(foo=request.bar)

    def big_view(request):
        # ...
        specific_add_item_view(request)

Can I call a view from within another view?

By default after login django redirects the user to an accounts/profile page or if you edit the LOGIN_REDIRECT_URL you can send the user to another page you specify in the settings.py.
 
This is great but I would like the user (after login) to be redirected to a custom page where the link to that page would look something like this: `mysite.com/username`. So the default accounts/profile or the LOGIN_REDIRECT_URL settings would not work in this case since both are somehow static. In my case the `username` section of the address changes for every user. 

Any ideas how I can make it so when the user is logged in would go to a custom user page that has user&#39;s name in the address like:  `mysite.com/username` ? Any input is truly appreciated. 
 



Django - after login, redirect user to his custom page --&gt; mysite.com/username

Consider the following Python code:

    import os
    print os.getcwd()

I use `os.getcwd()` to [get the script file&#39;s directory location][1]. When I run the script from the command line it gives me the correct path whereas when I run it from a script run by code in a Django view it prints `/`.

How can I get the path to the script from within a script run by a Django view?

**UPDATE:**&lt;br&gt;
Summing up the answers thus far - `os.getcwd()` and `os.path.abspath()` both give the current working directory which may or may not be the directory where the script resides. In my web host setup &lt;code&gt;`__file__`&lt;/code&gt; gives only the filename without the path.

Isn&#39;t there any way in Python to (always) be able to receive the path in which the script resides?



  [1]: http://www.faqs.org/docs/diveintopython/regression_path.html

How can I find script&#39;s directory?

I have implemented a password recovery functionality in django. With my method, the new password will be sent to the email id entered. It works fine when given the correct email (e-mail id which exists in the database). But when given an email id which is not in the database, it gives the error:  
    `&#39;DoesNotExist at /forgotPassword/  UniversityDetails matching query does not exist.&#39;`

How can I resolve this issue?

**forgotPassword.html()**

    def forgotPassword(request):
        if request.POST:
            email=request.POST.get(&quot;email&quot;)
            user = UniversityDetails.objects.get(email=email)
            if(not user):
                print &quot;No user&quot;
                return render_to_response(&quot;forgotPassword.html&quot;)
            else:
                newPassword = user.password
                send_mail(&#39;Password Recovery&#39;, &#39;The password for your site is &#39;+ newPassword, &#39;rv_nair@gmail.com&#39;,
        [&#39;rv_ks@gmail.com&#39;], fail_silently=False)   
                return render_to_response(&quot;passwordRecovery.html&quot;)
        return render_to_response(&#39;forgotPassword.html&#39;)

**html**

    &lt;form name=&quot;forgotPassword&quot; method=&quot;POST&quot; id=&quot;myFormid&quot; action=&quot;http://10.1.0.90:8080/forgotPassword/&quot;&gt;
    &lt;div style=&quot;float:center;width:100%;color:#0000A0&quot;&gt;
     Enter your E-mail ID&lt;/label&gt;&lt;br/&gt; &lt;input type=&quot;text&quot; name=&quot;email&quot; size=&quot;25&quot; /&gt; 
     &lt;input type=&quot;submit&quot; value=&quot;Submit&quot; /&gt;
     &lt;/div&gt; 
    
    &lt;/form &gt;

matching query does not exist Error in Django

Does anyone know of or can anyone please produce a simple example of Django&#39;s class-based generic DeleteView? I want to subclass DeleteView and ensure that the currently logged-in user has ownership of the object before it&#39;s deleted. Any help would be very much appreciated. Thank you in advance.

Content Type	Original Author	Original Content on Stackoverflow
Question	Rajeev	View Question on Stackoverflow
Solution 1 - Django	Daniel DiPaolo	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 2 - Django	Jeff Bauer	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 3 - Django	Oscar Garcia - OOSS	View Answer on Stackoverflow

Django request to find previous referrer

Django Problem Overview

Django Solutions

Solution 1 - Django

Solution 2 - Django

Solution 3 - Django

chm viewer unable to show contents

Getting Python's unittest results in a tearDown() method

Attributions