You may also use:

    request.POST.get(&#39;section&#39;,&#39;&#39;) # =&gt; [39]
    request.POST.get(&#39;MAINS&#39;,&#39;&#39;) # =&gt; [137] 
    request.GET.get(&#39;section&#39;,&#39;&#39;) # =&gt; [39]
    request.GET.get(&#39;MAINS&#39;,&#39;&#39;) # =&gt; [137]

Using this ensures that you don&#39;t get an error. If the POST/GET data with any key is not defined then instead of raising an exception the fallback value (second argument of .get() will be used).

You can use `[]` to extract values from a `QueryDict` object like you would any ordinary dictionary.

    # HTTP POST variables
    request.POST[&#39;section&#39;] # =&gt; [39]
    request.POST[&#39;MAINS&#39;] # =&gt; [137]

    # HTTP GET variables
    request.GET[&#39;section&#39;] # =&gt; [39]
    request.GET[&#39;MAINS&#39;] # =&gt; [137]

    # HTTP POST and HTTP GET variables (Deprecated since Django 1.7)
    request.REQUEST[&#39;section&#39;] # =&gt; [39]
    request.REQUEST[&#39;MAINS&#39;] # =&gt; [137]

I&#39;m looking for a way to get n++&#39;s find in files dialog to exclude certain files...

the only reference I&#39;ve found so far is this http://sourceforge.net/project/shownotes.php?release_id=536795&amp;group_id=189927 , but, unfortunately, it doesn&#39;t work. 

I&#39;m using \*[^*.dll] to, I think, search for everything BUT dll files.  

How can I resolve this ?

Thanks

Notepad++ find in files filter EXCLUDE

I would like to compile my Java program in Eclipse but not to run it. I can&#39;t understand how to do it.

How can I compile a Java program to `.class` files in Eclipse without running it?

How can I compile a Java program in Eclipse without running it?

In a Django request I have the following:

    POST:&lt;QueryDict: {u&#39;section&#39;: [u&#39;39&#39;], u&#39;MAINS&#39;: [u&#39;137&#39;]}&gt;

How do I get the values of `section` and `MAINS`?

    if request.method == &#39;GET&#39;:
        qd = request.GET
    elif request.method == &#39;POST&#39;:
        qd = request.POST
    
    section_id = qd.__getitem__(&#39;section&#39;) or getlist....

Django request get parameters

In a Django request I have the following:
<pre><code class="hljs language-python">POST:&#x3C;QueryDict: {u'section': [u'39'], u'MAINS': [u'137']}>
</code></pre>
How do I get the values of <code>section</code> and <code>MAINS</code>?
<pre><code class="hljs language-ini">if request.method == 'GET':
 qd = request.GET
elif request.method == 'POST':
 qd = request.POST

section_id = qd.__getitem__('section') or getlist....
</code></pre>

My code:

    import simplejson as json

    s = &quot;{&#39;username&#39;:&#39;dfdsfdsf&#39;}&quot; #1
    #s = &#39;{&quot;username&quot;:&quot;dfdsfdsf&quot;}&#39; #2
    j = json.loads(s)

`#1` definition is wrong

`#2` definition is right

I heard that in Python that ***single*** and ***double*** quote can be interchangable. Can anyone explain this to me?

Single vs double quotes in JSON

I just want to see the state of the process, is it possible to attach a console into the process, so I can invoke functions inside the process and see some of the global variables.

It&#39;s better the process is running without being affected(of course performance can down a little bit)

python: is it possible to attach a console into a running process

I&#39;m programming a web application using sqlalchemy. Everything was smooth during the first phase of development when the site was not in production. I could easily change the database schema by simply deleting the old sqlite database and creating a new one from scratch. 

Now the site is in production and I need to preserve the data, but I still want to keep my original development speed by easily converting the database to the new schema. 

So let&#39;s say that I have model.py at revision 50 and model.py a revision 75, describing the schema of the database. Between those two schema most changes are trivial, for example a new column is declared with a default value and I just want to add this default value to old records. 

Eventually a few changes may not be trivial and require some pre-computation. 

How do (or would) you handle fast changing web applications with, say, one or two new version of the production code per day  ?

By the way, the site is written in Pylons if this makes any difference.







How to efficiently manage frequent schema changes using sqlalchemy?

I&#39;m working with some CSV files, with the following code:

    reader = csv.reader(open(filepath, &quot;rU&quot;))
    try:
        for row in reader:
            print &#39;Row read successfully!&#39;, row
    except csv.Error, e:
        sys.exit(&#39;file %s, line %d: %s&#39; % (filename, reader.line_num, e))

And one file is throwing this error: 

    file my.csv, line 1: line contains NULL byte

What can I do? Google seems to suggest that it may be an Excel file that&#39;s been saved as a .csv improperly. Is there any way I can get round this problem in Python?

== UPDATE ==

Following @JohnMachin&#39;s comment below, I tried adding these lines to my script: 

    print repr(open(filepath, &#39;rb&#39;).read(200)) # dump 1st 200 bytes of file
    data = open(filepath, &#39;rb&#39;).read()
    print data.find(&#39;\x00&#39;)
    print data.count(&#39;\x00&#39;)

And this is the output I got: 
   

    &#39;\xd0\xcf\x11\xe0\xa1\xb1\x1a\xe1\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\ .... &lt;snip&gt;
    8
    13834

So the file does indeed contain NUL bytes. 

Python CSV error: line contains NULL byte

I made a little helper function:

    import zipfile

    def main(archive_list=[],zfilename=&#39;default.zip&#39;):
        print zfilename
        zout = zipfile.ZipFile(zfilename, &quot;w&quot;)
        for fname in archive_list:
            print &quot;writing: &quot;, fname
            zout.write(fname)
        zout.close()

    if __name__ == &#39;__main__&#39;:
        main()  

The problem is that all my files are NOT being COMPRESSED! The files are the same size and, effectively, just the extension is being change to &quot;.zip&quot; (from &quot;.xls&quot; in this case).

I&#39;m running python 2.5 on winXP sp2.

python zipfile module doesn&#39;t seem to be compressing my files

I have a [DateTimeField][2] field in my model. I wanted to display it as a checkbox widget in the Django admin site. To do this, I created a custom form widget. However, I do not know how to use my custom widget for **only** this one field.

The [Django documentation][3] explains how to use a custom widget for **all** fields of a certain type:

    class StopAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
        formfield_overrides = {
            models.DateTimeField: {&#39;widget&#39;: ApproveStopWidget }
        }

This is not granular enough though. I want to change it for only **one** field.

  [1]: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/3480098/how-customize-one-field-on-the-django-admin-interface
  [2]: https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/ref/models/fields/#django.db.models.DateTimeField
  [3]: https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/ref/contrib/admin/#django.contrib.admin.ModelAdmin.formfield_overrides

Django Admin: Using a custom widget for only one model field

In Django is there a way to filter on a manytomany field being empty or null.

    class TestModel(models.Model):
        name = models.CharField(_(&#39;set name&#39;), max_length=200)
        manytomany = models.ManyToManyField(&#39;AnotherModel&#39;, blank=True, null=True)
    
    print TestModel.objects.filter(manytomany__is_null=True)

 


django - query filter on manytomany is empty

Is there any way to use Socket.IO http://socket.io/ with Django?

Can I use Socket.IO with Django?

Suppose I have a simple model class like this:

    class TestModel(models.Model):
        testkey = models.ForeignKey(TestModel2)
        ...

When I am creating a TestModel object I have to pass to it an instance of the TestModel2 object to create it:

    testkey =TestModel2.objects.get(id=...)
    TestModel.objects.create(testkey=testkey)

This results in 2 queries to database I suppose, and I have a list of Foreign key IDs that I need to create objects with.

Is it possible to create objects with foreign keys without initially retrieving the foreign key objects?

Django model object with foreign key creation

I have a model called `Thing` with an attribute called `name`, and I want name to be a char field that&#39;s _only_ 3 characters long.

How do I write a test for that?

    class TestCase1(TestCase):
        def test1(self):
            thing = Thing(name=&#39;1234&#39;)

that test should fail. How do I properly write the test so that the test _passes_ when that object fails?




how to write django test meant to fail?

Before saving model I&#39;m re-size a picture. But how can I check if new picture added or just description updated, so I can skip rescaling every time the model is saved?


    class Model(model.Model):
        image=models.ImageField(upload_to=&#39;folder&#39;)
        thumb=models.ImageField(upload_to=&#39;folder&#39;)
        description=models.CharField()
    
    
        def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
            if self.image:
                small=rescale_image(self.image,width=100,height=100)
                self.image_small=SimpleUploadedFile(name,small_pic)
            super(Model, self).save(*args, **kwargs)

I want to rescale only if new image loaded or image updated, but not when description updated.

Django. Override save for model

    EMP_CHOICES = (
             (0,&#39;-- Select --&#39;),
             (1,&#39;Good&#39;),
             (2,&#39;Average&#39;),
         )

    class EMPFeedback(models.Model):
         user_choices = models.IntegerField(choices=EMP_CHOICES)

If the value stored in the db as 1 for user_choices how to print the corresponding user_choices corresponding value (i.e. 1==GOOD)

    fb = EMPFeedback.objects.get(id=1)
    print fb.user_choices  # prints 1
    print fb.user_choices.EMP_CHOICES 


Django print choices value

Django automatically creates an id field as primary key.

Now I need to get the object by this id.


    object = Class.objects.filter() 

How to write this filter?

Django database query: How to get object by id?

**models.py:**

    class Person(models.Model):
        name = models.CharField(max_length=200)
        CATEGORY_CHOICES = (
            (&#39;M&#39;, &#39;Male&#39;),
            (&#39;F&#39;, &#39;Female&#39;),
        )
        gender = models.CharField(max_length=200, choices=CATEGORY_CHOICES)
        to_be_listed = models.BooleanField(default=True)
        description = models.CharField(max_length=20000, blank=True)

**views.py:**

    def index(request):
        latest_person_list2 = Person.objects.filter(to_be_listed=True)
        return object_list(request, template_name=&#39;polls/schol.html&#39;,
                           queryset=latest_person_list, paginate_by=5)

On the template, when I call `person.gender`, I get `&#39;M&#39;` or `&#39;F&#39;` instead of `&#39;Male&#39;` or `&#39;Female&#39;`.


How to display the value (`&#39;Male&#39;` or `&#39;Female&#39;`) instead of the code (`&#39;M&#39;`/`&#39;F&#39;`)?



Django: Display Choice Value

I am passing the request to the template page.In django template how to pass the  last page from which the new page was initialised.Instead of history.go(-1) i need to use this


     {{request.http referer}} ??

     &lt;input type=&quot;button&quot; value=&quot;Back&quot; /&gt; //onlcick how to call the referrer 

Django request to find previous referrer

One of my view needs to add an item, along with other functionality, but I already have another view which specifically adds an item. 

Can I do something like:

    def specific_add_item_view(request):
        item = Item.objects.create(foo=request.bar)

    def big_view(request):
        # ...
        specific_add_item_view(request)

Can I call a view from within another view?

By default after login django redirects the user to an accounts/profile page or if you edit the LOGIN_REDIRECT_URL you can send the user to another page you specify in the settings.py.
 
This is great but I would like the user (after login) to be redirected to a custom page where the link to that page would look something like this: `mysite.com/username`. So the default accounts/profile or the LOGIN_REDIRECT_URL settings would not work in this case since both are somehow static. In my case the `username` section of the address changes for every user. 

Any ideas how I can make it so when the user is logged in would go to a custom user page that has user&#39;s name in the address like:  `mysite.com/username` ? Any input is truly appreciated. 
 



Django - after login, redirect user to his custom page --&gt; mysite.com/username

Consider the following Python code:

    import os
    print os.getcwd()

I use `os.getcwd()` to [get the script file&#39;s directory location][1]. When I run the script from the command line it gives me the correct path whereas when I run it from a script run by code in a Django view it prints `/`.

How can I get the path to the script from within a script run by a Django view?

**UPDATE:**&lt;br&gt;
Summing up the answers thus far - `os.getcwd()` and `os.path.abspath()` both give the current working directory which may or may not be the directory where the script resides. In my web host setup &lt;code&gt;`__file__`&lt;/code&gt; gives only the filename without the path.

Isn&#39;t there any way in Python to (always) be able to receive the path in which the script resides?



  [1]: http://www.faqs.org/docs/diveintopython/regression_path.html

Content Type	Original Author	Original Content on Stackoverflow
Question	Hulk	View Question on Stackoverflow
Solution 1 - Python	crodjer	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 2 - Python	Johannes Gorset	View Answer on Stackoverflow

Django request get parameters

Python Problem Overview

Python Solutions

Solution 1 - Python

Solution 2 - Python

How can I compile a Java program in Eclipse without running it?

Notepad++ find in files filter EXCLUDE

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