A source release will be compiled on your own machine while a binary release must match your operating system.

source releases are more common on linux systems because linux systems can dramatically vary in cpu, installed library versions, kernelversions and nearly every linux system has a compiler installed.

binary releases are common on ms-windows systems. most windows machines do not have a compiler installed.

Binary releases contain computer readable version of the application, meaning it is compiled. Source releases contain human readable version of the application, meaning it has to be compiled before it can be used.

The source release is the raw, uncompiled code. You could read it yourself. To use it, it must be compiled on your machine. Binary means the code was compiled into a machine language format that the computer can read, then execute. No human can understand the binary file unless its been dissected, or opened with some program that let&#39;s you read the executable as code.

I&#39;m quite new to Android Development and just came across Preferences.
I found `PreferenceScreen` and wanted to create a login functionality with it. The only problem I have is that I don&#39;t know how I could add a &quot;Login&quot; button to the `PreferenceScreen`.

Here&#39;s what my `PreferenceScreen` looks like:


    &lt;PreferenceScreen xmlns:android=&quot;http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android&quot;&gt;
    ...
        &lt;PreferenceScreen android:title=&quot;@string/login&quot; android:key=&quot;Login&quot;&gt;
            &lt;EditTextPreference android:persistent=&quot;true&quot; android:title=&quot;@string/username&quot; android:key=&quot;Username&quot;&gt;&lt;/EditTextPreference&gt;
            &lt;EditTextPreference android:title=&quot;@string/password&quot; android:persistent=&quot;true&quot; android:password=&quot;true&quot; android:key=&quot;Password&quot;&gt;&lt;/EditTextPreference&gt;
        &lt;/PreferenceScreen&gt;
    ...
    &lt;/PreferenceScreen&gt;

The Button should be right under the two `EditTextPreference`s.

Is there a simple solution for this problem? The one solution I found was not working because I use sub `PreferenceScreen`s.

### Update:

I figured out that i can add buttons this way:

    &lt;PreferenceScreen android:title=&quot;@string/login&quot; android:key=&quot;Login&quot;&gt;
            &lt;EditTextPreference android:persistent=&quot;true&quot; android:title=&quot;@string/username&quot; android:key=&quot;Username&quot;&gt;&lt;/EditTextPreference&gt;
            &lt;EditTextPreference android:title=&quot;@string/password&quot; android:persistent=&quot;true&quot; android:password=&quot;true&quot; android:key=&quot;Password&quot;&gt;&lt;/EditTextPreference&gt;
            &lt;Preference android:layout=&quot;@layout/loginButtons&quot; android:key=&quot;loginButtons&quot;&gt;&lt;/Preference&gt;
    &lt;/PreferenceScreen&gt;

and the layout file (`loginButtons.xml`) looks that way:

    &lt;?xml version=&quot;1.0&quot; encoding=&quot;utf-8&quot;?&gt;
    &lt;LinearLayout xmlns:android=&quot;http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android&quot;
        android:layout_height=&quot;wrap_content&quot;
        android:layout_width=&quot;fill_parent&quot;
        android:weightSum=&quot;10&quot; 
        android:baselineAligned=&quot;false&quot; android:orientation=&quot;horizontal&quot;&gt;
        &lt;Button android:text=&quot;Login&quot; android:layout_width=&quot;fill_parent&quot;
            android:layout_weight=&quot;5&quot; android:layout_height=&quot;wrap_content&quot;
            android:id=&quot;@+id/loginButton&quot; android:layout_gravity=&quot;left&quot;&gt;&lt;/Button&gt;
        &lt;Button android:text=&quot;Password?&quot; android:layout_width=&quot;fill_parent&quot;
            android:layout_weight=&quot;5&quot; android:layout_height=&quot;wrap_content&quot;
            android:id=&quot;@+id/forgottenPasswordButton&quot;&gt;&lt;/Button&gt;
    &lt;/LinearLayout&gt;

So now the buttons appear but I can&#39;t access them in code.
I tried it with `findViewById()` but this is returning null. Any ideas how I could access these buttons?

How to add a button to a PreferenceScreen?

I&#39;m trying to understand more about PHP [Session Fixation][1] and hijacking and how to prevent these problems. I&#39;ve been reading the following two articles on Chris Shiflett&#39;s website: 

 - [Session Fixation][2]
 - [Session Hijacking][3]

However, I&#39;m not sure I&#39;m understanding things correctly. 

To help prevent session fixation, is it enough to call `session_regenerate_id(true);` after successfully logging someone in? I think I understand that correctly.

He also talks about using tokens passed along in urls via `$_GET` to prevent session hijacking. How would this be done exactly? I&#39;m guessing when someone logs in you generate their token and store it in a session variable, then on each page you&#39;d compare that session variable with the value of the `$_GET` variable?

Would this token need to be changed only once per session or on each page load? 

Also is there a good way of preventing hijacking without having to pass a value along in the URLs? This would be a lot easier.


  [1]: https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Session_fixation
  [2]: http://shiflett.org/articles/session-fixation
  [3]: http://shiflett.org/articles/session-hijacking

PHP Session Fixation / Hijacking

I have been seeing the words **binary** and **source** release in many websites download sections. 

What do they  actually mean? 

For example, I have seen this in [Groovy][1] download page. 

My question is how they differ? Both tend to install Groovy, but what&#39;s the main difference? 

  [1]: https://groovy.apache.org/download.html

Difference between Groovy Binary and Source release?

I have been seeing the words binary and source release in many websites download sections.
What do they actually mean?
For example, I have seen this in <a href="https://groovy.apache.org/download.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Groovy</a> download page.
My question is how they differ? Both tend to install Groovy, but what's the main difference?

How do I check if a string starts with a tab in Groovy?

Check if string starts with tab

I have some server code that is generating thumbnails when an image is uploaded.  The issue is that when the image was taken and the camera/device was rotated, the thumbnails are rotated, even though the full size images themselves are displayed in the correct orientation in any image viewing software.  This is only happening with jpgs.

Using Preview on OSX, I can see that jpgs have orientation metadata embedded within.  When I use ImageTools (Grails Plugin) to generate a thumbnail, the EXIF metadata is not in the thumbnail, which is why the thumbnails appear rotated. 

Via offline conversations, I have learned that while it is relatively easy to read EXIF metadata, there is no easy way to write it, which is why the data is lost when generating a jpg thumbnail.

So it seems I have two options: 

1.  Use ImageMagick to generate the thumbnails.  The downside is it requires installed more software on our servers.
2.  Read the EXIF Orientation data is code and rotate the thumbnail appropriately.

Does anyone know of any other options?



How to rotate JPEG images based on the orientation metadata?

Method to copy entire directory contents to another directory in java or groovy?

Copy entire directory contents to another directory?

I need to store a value in a variable in one method and then I need to use that value from that variable in another method or closure. How can I share this value?

How do I create and access the global variables in Groovy?

I am just starting out with Groovy.   I couldn&#39;t find any examples anywhere of how to handle arguments to a Groovy script and so I hacked this method myself.   There must be a better way of doing this?  If so, I am looking for this better way, since I am probably overlooking the obvious.

    import groovy.lang.Binding;
    Binding binding = new Binding();
    int x = 1
    for (a in this.args) {
      println(&quot;arg$x: &quot; + a)
      binding.setProperty(&quot;arg$x&quot;, a);
      x=x+1
    }
    println binding.getProperty(&quot;arg1&quot;)
    println binding.getProperty(&quot;arg2&quot;)
    println binding.getProperty(&quot;arg3&quot;)

How to capture arguments passed to a Groovy script?

Is there are way to find out the &quot;Date when an application was installed&quot; on an Android Device. 

Have searched extensively, but unable to find relevant answer.

Was unable to find anything regarding Date when Application was Installed through `PackageManager` documentation/Code.


Get Application Installed Date on Android

What&#39;s the minimum amount of software I need to install to get the &#39;tf.exe&#39; program?

How to get tf.exe (TFS command line client)?

I am trying to install Python for the first time. I downloaded the following installer from the Python website: [Python 2.7.1 Windows Installer (Windows binary -- does not include source)][1]. I then ran the installer, selected &#39;All Users&#39; and all was fine. I installed Python into the default location:

    C:\Python27

Next, to test that Python was installed correctly, I navigated to my Python directory, and executed `python` in the windows CMD prompt. It returns me the following error:

&gt; ImportError: No module named site

When I execute `python -v` I get the following:

&gt; #installing zipimport hook  
&gt; import zipimport # builtin  
&gt; #installed zipimport hook  
&gt; #ImportError: No module named site  
&gt; #clear __builtin__._  
&gt; #clear sys.path  
&gt; #clear sys.argv  
&gt; #clear sys.ps1  
&gt; #clear sys.ps2  
&gt; #clear sys.exitfunc  
&gt; #clear sys.exc_type  
&gt; #clear sys.exc_value  
&gt; #clear sys.exc_traceback  
&gt; #clear sys.last_type  
&gt; #clear sys.last_value  
&gt; #clear sys.last_traceback  
&gt; #clear sys.path_hooks  
&gt; #clear sys.path_importer_cache  
&gt; #clear sys.meta_path  
&gt; #clear sys.flags  
&gt; #clear sys.float_info  
&gt; #restore sys.stdin  
&gt; #restore sys.stdout  
&gt; #restore sys.stderr  
&gt; #cleanup __main__  
&gt; #cleanup \[1] zipimport  
&gt; #cleanup \[1] signal  
&gt; #cleanup \[1] exceptions  
&gt; #cleanup \[1] _warnings  
&gt; #cleanup sys  
&gt; #cleanup __builtin__  
&gt; #cleanup ints: 6 unfreed ints  
&gt; #cleanup floats  

When I do `dir C:\Python27\Lib\site.py*` I get the following:

&gt;      Directory of C:\Python27\Lib  
&gt;     
&gt;     13/11/2010  20:08            20,389  site.py  
&gt;                    1 File(s)         20,389 bytes  
&gt;                    0 Dir(s)     694,910,976 bytes free  

Any ideas?

  [1]: http://www.python.org/ftp/python/2.7.1/python-2.7.1.msi

&quot;ImportError: No module named site&quot; on Windows

I am trying to silently install apk into the system. 
My app is located in /system/app and successfully granted permission &quot;android.permission.INSTALL_PACKAGES&quot;

However I can&#39;t find anywhere how to use this permission. I tried to copy files to /data/app and had no success. Also I tried using this code
 
        Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
        intent.setDataAndType(
                Uri.parse(&quot;file:///sdcard/app.apk&quot;),
                &quot;application/vnd.android.package-archive&quot;);
        startActivity(intent);
But this code opens standard installation dialog. How can I install app silently without root with granted `android.permission.INSTALL_PACKAGES`?

PS I am writing an app that will install many apks from folder into the system on the first start (replace Setup Wizard). I need it to make firmware lighter. 

If you think that I am writing a virus: All programs are installed into /data/app. Permission Install_packages can only be granted to system-level programs located in /system/app or signed with the system key. So virus can&#39;t get there.

As said http://www.mail-archive.com/android-porting@googlegroups.com/msg06281.html apps CAN be silent installed if they have install_packages permission. Moreover you don&#39;t need Install_packages permission to install packages not silently. Plus http://www.androidzoom.com/android_applications/tools/silent-installer_wgqi.html

Install apps silently, with granted INSTALL_PACKAGES permission

My project uses the NLTK. How can I list the project&#39;s corpus &amp; model requirements so they can be automatically installed? I don&#39;t want to click through the `nltk.download()` GUI, installing packages one by one.

Also, any way to freeze that same list of requirements (like `pip freeze`)?

Programmatically install NLTK corpora / models, i.e. without the GUI downloader?

I&#39;m building a Python application and don&#39;t want to force my clients to install Python and modules.

So, is there a way to compile a Python script to be a standalone executable?



How can I make a Python script standalone executable to run without ANY dependency?

Can you think of any legitimate (smart) uses for runtime code modification (program modifying it&#39;s own code at runtime)? 

Modern operating systems seem to frown upon programs that do this since this technique has been used by viruses to avoid detection.

All I can think of is some kind of runtime optimization that would remove or add some code by knowing something at runtime which cannot be known at compile time.


Are there any smart cases of runtime code modification?

I have a few files that have been executable before svn adding them. They have the svn:executable property set. Now, a few other files were checked in without the executable bit do not have it, and I want to set the svn:executable property:

    $ svn propset svn:executable on *.cgi

Then I check the status and even the files with the svn:executable have been modified:

    $ svn diff
    Property changes on: a.cgi
    ___________________________________________________________________
    Modified: svn:executable
       - 
       + *
    
    
    Property changes on: b.cgi
    ___________________________________________________________________
    Added: svn:executable
       + *

a.cgi should not be modified. I want to add the svn:executable bit to be set in the same way as it is on the other files, but can&#39;t figure out the command to do it.


Proper way to add svn:executable

I started to fiddle with PyQt, and made a &quot;beautiful&quot; script from the pyqt whitepaper example app ([pastebin][1])

It works perfectly in Windows and Linux (with qt environment already installed on both).

Now my question is: Since I am trying to use Qt because it is compiled (at least pure old C++ based Qt), how can I compile some .exe file to run it on Windows, or a standalone executable for Linux.

The point is that I want the program to be compiled, because of speed and portability, instead of interpreted from source, which would require a previous setup on any machine. One of the goals, for example, is sending small gui scripts via email to coworkers who are not programmers at all.

  [1]: http://pastebin.com/NZnpxv2F

How do I compile a PyQt script (.py) to a single standalone executable file for windows (.exe) and/or linux?

To create executable files (windows) I assume that we should use one of them:
Py2exe or PyInstaller.

What are the difference between them? 

Content Type	Original Author	Original Content on Stackoverflow
Question	Ant's	View Question on Stackoverflow
Solution 1 - Groovy	k3b	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 2 - Groovy	Harri	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 3 - Groovy	spinach	View Answer on Stackoverflow

Difference between Groovy Binary and Source release?

Groovy Problem Overview

Groovy Solutions

Solution 1 - Groovy

Solution 2 - Groovy

Solution 3 - Groovy

PHP Session Fixation / Hijacking

How to add a button to a PreferenceScreen?

Attributions