You can use `rsync` instead of `cp`:

    rsync -av --exclude=&quot;.*&quot; src dest

This excludes hidden files and directories. If you only want to exclude hidden directories, add a slash to the pattern:

    rsync -av --exclude=&quot;.*/&quot; src dest

You can do

    cp -r SRC_DIR/* DEST_DIR

to exclude all .files and .dirs in the SRC_DIR level, but still it would copy any hidden files in the next level of sub-directories.

**rsync** has &quot;-C&quot; option  

http://rsync.samba.org/ftp/rsync/rsync.html

**Example:**  

    rsync -vazC  dir1 dir2



I need to figure out the number of elements in an `Iterable` in Java.
I know I can do this:
  
    Iterable values = ...
    it = values.iterator();
    while (it.hasNext()) {
      it.next();
      sum++;
    }

I could also do something like this, because I do not need the objects in the Iterable any further:
    
    it = values.iterator();
    while (it.hasNext()) {
      it.remove();
      sum++;
    }

A small scale benchmark did not show much performance difference, any comments or other ideas for this problem?

Get size of an Iterable in Java

LLVM has [phi](http://llvm.org/docs/LangRef.html#i_phi) instruction with quite weird explanation:

&gt; *The &#39;phi&#39; instruction is used to implement the φ node in the SSA graph representing the function.*

Typically it is used to implement branching. If I understood correctly, it is needed to make dependency analysis possible and in some cases it could help to avoid unnecessary loading. However it&#39;s still hard to understand what it does exactly.

Kaleidoscope [example][1] explains it fairly nicely for `if` case. However it&#39;s not that clear how to implement logical operations like `&amp;&amp;` and `||`. If I type the following to [online llvm](http://llvm.org/demo/index.cgi) compiler:

    void main1(bool r, bool y) {
        bool l = y || r;
    }

Last several lines completely confuse me:

    ; &lt;label&gt;:10                                      ; preds = %7, %0
    %11 = phi i1 [ true, %0 ], [ %9, %7 ]
    %12 = zext i1 %11 to i8

Looks like phi node produces a result which can be used. And I was under impression that phi node just defines from which paths values coming.

Could someone explain what is a Phi node, and how to implement `||` with it?

[1]: https://llvm.org/docs/tutorial/MyFirstLanguageFrontend/LangImpl05.html#llvm-ir-for-if-then-else

What exactly PHI instruction does and how to use it in LLVM

I have two directories and one is empty.

The first directory has many sub directories with hidden files. When I `cp -r` content from  first directory to the second one, the hidden files gets copied too. Any solutions to escape them?



cp -r without hidden files

<p>I have two directories and one is empty.</p>
<p>The first directory has many sub directories with hidden files. When I <code>cp -r</code> content from  first directory to the second one, the hidden files gets copied too. Any solutions to escape them?</p>


How can I run command every six hours every day?

I tried the following, but it did not work:

    /6 * * * * *  mycommand




Running a cron job on Linux every six hours

How can I write a little piece of text into a `.txt` file?
I&#39;ve been Googling for over 3-4 hours, but can&#39;t find out how to do it.

`fwrite();` has so many arguments, and I don&#39;t know how to use it.

What&#39;s the easiest function to use when you only want to write a name and a few numbers to a `.txt` file?

    char name;
	int  number;
	FILE *f;
	f = fopen(&quot;contacts.pcl&quot;, &quot;a&quot;);
	
	printf(&quot;\nNew contact name: &quot;);
	scanf(&quot;%s&quot;, &amp;name);
	printf(&quot;New contact number: &quot;);
	scanf(&quot;%i&quot;, &amp;number);
	
	fprintf(f, &quot;%c\n[ %d ]\n\n&quot;, name, number);
	fclose(f);

Write to .txt file?

I tried to close the tomcat using `./shutdown.sh` from tomcat `/bin` directory. But found that the server was not closed properly. And thus I was unable to restart&lt;br&gt;My tomcat is running on port `8080`.

I want to kill the tomcat process running on `8080`. I first want to have the list of processes running on a specific port (8080) in order to select which process to kill.

How to kill a process running on particular port in Linux?

That&#39;s much the question. I have PHP 5.2.9 on Apache and I cannot upgrade PHP. Is there a way for me to enable SOAP in PHP 5.2.9? The PHP manual did not help at all when it said, &quot;To enable SOAP support, configure PHP with --enable-soap .&quot;  How do I configure? 

How do I enable --enable-soap in php on linux?

I had always thought that `$HOME` and `~` were exactly the same and thus could
be used interchangeably. Today, when I tried to install *pylibmc*, a python
binding to memcached, on my shared server the use of `~` gave me error but not
`$HOME`. I would like to reason out why.

*libmemcached* is a requirement for *pylibmc*. I have *libmemcached* installed
under my home directory because I have no root on the server. As a result, to
install *pylibmc*, I need to make sure the installation script knows where to
find *libmemcached*.

When executing `python setup.py install --with-libmemcached=~`, the installation
script runs

&lt;pre&gt;
gcc -pthread -fno-strict-aliasing -g -O2 -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall \
  -Wstrict-prototypes -fPIC -DUSE_ZLIB -I~/include \
  -I/usr/local/include/python2.7 -c _pylibmcmodule.c \
  -o build/temp.linux-i686-2.7/_pylibmcmodule.o -fno-strict-aliasing
&lt;/pre&gt;

which gives the errors that *libmemcached* can&#39;t be found.

If I change to `--with-libmemcached=$HOME`, the script runs

&lt;pre&gt;
gcc -pthread -fno-strict-aliasing -g -O2 -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall \
  -Wstrict-prototypes -fPIC -DUSE_ZLIB -I/home/waterbotte/include \
  -I/usr/local/include/python2.7 -c _pylibmcmodule.c \
  -o build/temp.linux-i686-2.7/_pylibmcmodule.o -fno-strict-aliasing
&lt;/pre&gt;

without any problem. It looks like the problem is that tilde doesn&#39;t get resolved. But why?

Difference between $HOME and &#39;~&#39; (tilde)?

My example string is as follows:

    This is 02G05 a test string 20-Jul-2012

Now from the above string I want to extract `02G05`. For that I tried the following regex with sed
 

    $ echo &quot;This is 02G05 a test string 20-Jul-2012&quot; | sed -n &#39;/\d+G\d+/p&#39;

But the above command prints nothing and the reason I believe is it is not able to match anything against the pattern I supplied to sed.

So, my question is what am I doing wrong here and how to correct it.

When I try the above string and pattern with python I get my result

    &gt;&gt;&gt; re.findall(r&#39;\d+G\d+&#39;,st)
    [&#39;02G05&#39;]
    &gt;&gt;&gt;

How to extract text from a string using sed?

I have windows, using Cygwin, trying to set `JAVA_HOME` permanently through my `.bashrc` file. 

**.bashrc:**

    export PATH=&quot;$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH&quot;  
    export JAVA_HOME=$JAVA_HOME:&quot;/cygdrive/c/Program Files (x86)/Java/jdk1.7.0_05&quot;

**.bash_profile:**

    if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
       source ~/.bashrc
    fi

**running cygwin:**

    -bash: $&#39;\377\376if&#39;: command not found
    -bash: $&#39;then\r&#39;: command not found
    : No such file or directorysu//.bashrc
    -bash: /cygdrive/c/Users/jhsu//.bash_profile: line 3: syntax error near unexpected token `fi&#39;
    -bash: /cygdrive/c/Users/jhsu//.bash_profile: line 3: `fi&#39;

I am not sure if I took the commands from a tutorial that was meant for another system or if I am missing a step.  Or whitespace is causing my commands not to run properly. 

I&#39;ve looked at multiple similar questions but I haven&#39;t found one where the question has my error exactly. 


----------

My home path:

    $ echo $HOME
    /cygdrive/c/Users/jhsu
    $ echo ~
    /cygdrive/c/Users/jhsu/

So I believe the files should be placed in the correct spot.

&#39;\r&#39;: command not found - .bashrc / .bash_profile

I would like to copy the contents of a variable (here called `var`) into a file.

The name of the file is stored in another variable `destfile`. 

I&#39;m having problems doing this. Here&#39;s what I&#39;ve tried:

    cp $var $destfile

I&#39;ve also tried the same thing with the dd command... Obviously the shell thought that `$var` was referring to a directory and so told me that the directory could not be found. 

How do I get around this?

Shell - Write variable contents to a file

I have defined the same path in the $PATH variable 6 times. 

I wasn&#39;t logging out to check whether it worked.

How can I remove the duplicates?

The $PATH variable looks like this:

    echo $PATH

    /usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/home/flacs/Programmes/USFOS/bin:/home/flacs/Programmes/USFOS/bin:/home/flacs/Programmes/USFOS/bin:/home/flacs/Programmes/USFOS/bin:/home/flacs/Programmes/USFOS/bin:/home/flacs/Programmes/USFOS/bin



How would I reset it to just

    /usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games


Remove redundant paths from $PATH variable

I&#39;m working with a CentOS server. I have a folder named `test` located in `/home/server/folder/test`. I need to copy the directory `test` to `/home/server/`. How can I do it?

CentOS: Copy directory to another directory

I am having some issues to copy a folder with files in that folder into another folder. Command `cp -r` doesn&#39;t copy files in the folder.


How do I copy folder with files to another folder in Unix/Linux?

Under unix, I want to copy all files with a certain extension (all excel files) from all subdirectories to another directory. I have the following command:

    cp --parents `find -name \*.xls*` /target_directory/

The problems with this command are:

- It copies the directory structure as well, and I only want the files (so all files should end up in /target_directory/)

- It does not copy files with spaces in the filenames (which are quite a few)

Any solutions for these problems?

Copy all files with a certain extension from all subdirectories

I&#39;m trying to write a Bash script that will overwrite an existing directory. I have a directory `foo/` and I am trying to overwrite `bar/` with it. But when I do this:

    cp -Rf foo/ bar/

a new `bar/foo/` directory is created. I don&#39;t want that. There are two files in `foo/`; `a` and `b`. There are files with same names in `bar/` as well. I want the `foo/a` and `foo/b` to replace `bar/a` and `bar/b`.


How to force &#39;cp&#39; to overwrite directory instead of creating another one inside?

In my terminal shell, I ssh&#39;ed into a remote server, and I `cd` to the directory I want. Now in this directory, there is a file called `table` that I want to copy to my local machine `/home/me/Desktop`. How can I do this?

I tried `scp table /home/me/Desktop` but it gave an error about no such file or directory. Does anyone know how to do this?

Thanks

Content Type	Original Author	Original Content on Stackoverflow
Question	Rahul	View Question on Stackoverflow
Solution 1 - Linux	Eugene Yarmash	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 2 - Linux	Tuxdude	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 3 - Linux	slitvinov	View Answer on Stackoverflow

cp -r without hidden files

Linux Problem Overview

Linux Solutions

Solution 1 - Linux

Solution 2 - Linux

Solution 3 - Linux

What exactly PHI instruction does and how to use it in LLVM

Get size of an Iterable in Java

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