Convert string to Title Case with JavaScript
JavascriptTitle CaseJavascript Problem Overview
Is there a simple way to convert a string to Title Case? E.g. john smith
becomes John Smith
. I'm not looking for something complicated like John Resig's solution, just (hopefully) some kind of one- or two-liner.
Javascript Solutions
Solution 1 - Javascript
Try this:
function toTitleCase(str) {
return str.replace(
/\w\S*/g,
function(txt) {
return txt.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + txt.substr(1).toLowerCase();
}
);
}
<form>
Input:
<br /><textarea name="input" onchange="form.output.value=toTitleCase(this.value)" onkeyup="form.output.value=toTitleCase(this.value)"></textarea>
<br />Output:
<br /><textarea name="output" readonly onclick="select(this)"></textarea>
</form>
Solution 2 - Javascript
If a CSS solution meets your needs, you can apply the text-transform CSS style to your controls:
text-transform: capitalize;
Just be aware that this will transform:
hello world
to Hello World
HELLO WORLD
to HELLO WORLD
(no change)
emily-jane o'brien
to Emily-jane O'brien
(incorrect)
Maria von Trapp
to Maria Von Trapp
(incorrect)
Solution 3 - Javascript
A slightly more elegant way, adapting Greg Dean's function:
String.prototype.toProperCase = function () {
return this.replace(/\w\S*/g, function(txt){return txt.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + txt.substr(1).toLowerCase();});
};
Call it like:
"pascal".toProperCase();
Solution 4 - Javascript
Here's my version, IMO it's easy to understand and elegant too.
const str = "foo bar baz";
const newStr = str.split(' ')
.map(w => w[0].toUpperCase() + w.substring(1).toLowerCase())
.join(' ');
console.log(newStr);
Solution 5 - Javascript
Here’s my function that converts to title case but also preserves defined acronyms as uppercase and minor words as lowercase:
String.prototype.toTitleCase = function() {
var i, j, str, lowers, uppers;
str = this.replace(/([^\W_]+[^\s-]*) */g, function(txt) {
return txt.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + txt.substr(1).toLowerCase();
});
// Certain minor words should be left lowercase unless
// they are the first or last words in the string
lowers = ['A', 'An', 'The', 'And', 'But', 'Or', 'For', 'Nor', 'As', 'At',
'By', 'For', 'From', 'In', 'Into', 'Near', 'Of', 'On', 'Onto', 'To', 'With'];
for (i = 0, j = lowers.length; i < j; i++)
str = str.replace(new RegExp('\\s' + lowers[i] + '\\s', 'g'),
function(txt) {
return txt.toLowerCase();
});
// Certain words such as initialisms or acronyms should be left uppercase
uppers = ['Id', 'Tv'];
for (i = 0, j = uppers.length; i < j; i++)
str = str.replace(new RegExp('\\b' + uppers[i] + '\\b', 'g'),
uppers[i].toUpperCase());
return str;
}
For example:
"TO LOGIN TO THIS SITE and watch tv, please enter a valid id:".toTitleCase();
// Returns: "To Login to This Site and Watch TV, Please Enter a Valid ID:"
Solution 6 - Javascript
I prefer the following over the other answers. It matches only the first letter of each word and capitalises it. Simpler code, easier to read and less bytes. It preserves existing capital letters to prevent distorting acronyms. However you can always call toLowerCase()
on your string first.
function title(str) {
return str.replace(/(^|\s)\S/g, function(t) { return t.toUpperCase() });
}
You can add this to your string prototype which will allow you to 'my string'.toTitle()
as follows:
String.prototype.toTitle = function() {
return this.replace(/(^|\s)\S/g, function(t) { return t.toUpperCase() });
}
Example:
String.prototype.toTitle = function() {
return this.replace(/(^|\s)\S/g, function(t) { return t.toUpperCase() });
}
console.log('all lower case ->','all lower case'.toTitle());
console.log('ALL UPPER CASE ->','ALL UPPER CASE'.toTitle());
console.log("I'm a little teapot ->","I'm a little teapot".toTitle());
Solution 7 - Javascript
You could immediately toLowerCase
the string, and then just toUpperCase
the first letter of each word. Becomes a very simple 1 liner:
function titleCase(str) {
return str.toLowerCase().replace(/\b(\w)/g, s => s.toUpperCase());
}
console.log(titleCase('iron man'));
console.log(titleCase('iNcrEdible hulK'));
Solution 8 - Javascript
var result =
'this is very interesting'.replace(/\b[a-z]/g, (x) => x.toUpperCase())
console.log(result) // This Is Very Interesting
Solution 9 - Javascript
Benchmark
TL;DR
The winner of this benchmark is the plain old for loop:
function titleize(str) {
let upper = true
let newStr = ""
for (let i = 0, l = str.length; i < l; i++) {
// Note that you can also check for all kinds of spaces with
// str[i].match(/\s/)
if (str[i] == " ") {
upper = true
newStr += str[i]
continue
}
newStr += upper ? str[i].toUpperCase() : str[i].toLowerCase()
upper = false
}
return newStr
}
// NOTE: you could beat that using charcode and string builder I guess.
Actual benchmark
I've taken the most popular and distinct answers and made a benchmark with those.
Here's the result on my MacBook pro:
And for completeness, here are the functions used:
str = "the QUICK BrOWn Fox jUMPS oVeR the LAzy doG";
function regex(str) {
return str.replace(
/\w\S*/g,
function(txt) {
return txt.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + txt.substr(1).toLowerCase();
}
);
}
function split(str) {
return str.
split(' ').
map(w => w[0].toUpperCase() + w.substr(1).toLowerCase()).
join(' ');
}
function complete(str) {
var i, j, str, lowers, uppers;
str = str.replace(/([^\W_]+[^\s-]*) */g, function(txt) {
return txt.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + txt.substr(1).toLowerCase();
});
// Certain minor words should be left lowercase unless
// they are the first or last words in the string
lowers = ['A', 'An', 'The', 'And', 'But', 'Or', 'For', 'Nor', 'As', 'At',
'By', 'For', 'From', 'In', 'Into', 'Near', 'Of', 'On', 'Onto', 'To', 'With'];
for (i = 0, j = lowers.length; i < j; i++)
str = str.replace(new RegExp('\\s' + lowers[i] + '\\s', 'g'),
function(txt) {
return txt.toLowerCase();
});
// Certain words such as initialisms or acronyms should be left uppercase
uppers = ['Id', 'Tv'];
for (i = 0, j = uppers.length; i < j; i++)
str = str.replace(new RegExp('\\b' + uppers[i] + '\\b', 'g'),
uppers[i].toUpperCase());
return str;
}
function firstLetterOnly(str) {
return str.replace(/\b(\S)/g, function(t) { return t.toUpperCase(); });
}
function forLoop(str) {
let upper = true;
let newStr = "";
for (let i = 0, l = str.length; i < l; i++) {
if (str[i] == " ") {
upper = true;
newStr += " ";
continue;
}
newStr += upper ? str[i].toUpperCase() : str[i].toLowerCase();
upper = false;
}
return newStr;
}
Note that i deliberately did not change the prototype since I consider it a really bad practice and I don't think we should promote such practice in our answers. This is only ok for small codebases when you're the only one working on it.
If you want to add any other way to do it to this benchmark, please comment a link to the answer !
Solution 10 - Javascript
Surprised to see no one mentioned the use of rest parameter. Here is a simple one liner that uses ES6 Rest parameters.
let str="john smith"
str=str.split(" ").map(([firstChar,...rest])=>firstChar.toUpperCase()+rest.join("").toLowerCase()).join(" ")
console.log(str)
Solution 11 - Javascript
Without using regex just for reference:
String.prototype.toProperCase = function() {
var words = this.split(' ');
var results = [];
for (var i = 0; i < words.length; i++) {
var letter = words[i].charAt(0).toUpperCase();
results.push(letter + words[i].slice(1));
}
return results.join(' ');
};
console.log(
'john smith'.toProperCase()
)
Solution 12 - Javascript
Just in case you are worried about those filler words, you can always just tell the function what not to capitalize.
/**
* @param String str The text to be converted to titleCase.
* @param Array glue the words to leave in lowercase.
*/
var titleCase = function(str, glue){
glue = (glue) ? glue : ['of', 'for', 'and'];
return str.replace(/(\w)(\w*)/g, function(_, i, r){
var j = i.toUpperCase() + (r != null ? r : "");
return (glue.indexOf(j.toLowerCase())<0)?j:j.toLowerCase();
});
};
Hope this helps you out.
edit
If you want to handle leading glue words, you can keep track of this w/ one more variable:
var titleCase = function(str, glue){
glue = !!glue ? glue : ['of', 'for', 'and', 'a'];
var first = true;
return str.replace(/(\w)(\w*)/g, function(_, i, r) {
var j = i.toUpperCase() + (r != null ? r : '').toLowerCase();
var result = ((glue.indexOf(j.toLowerCase()) < 0) || first) ? j : j.toLowerCase();
first = false;
return result;
});
};
Solution 13 - Javascript
If regex used in the above solutions is getting you confused, try this code:
function titleCase(str) {
return str.split(' ').map(function(val){
return val.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + val.substr(1).toLowerCase();
}).join(' ');
}
Solution 14 - Javascript
If you need a grammatically correct answer:
This answer takes into account prepositions such as "of", "from", .. The output will generate an editorial style title you would expect to see in a paper.
toTitleCase Function
The function that takes into account grammar rules listed here. The function also consolidates whitespace and removes special characters (modify regex for your needs)
const toTitleCase = (str) => {
const articles = ['a', 'an', 'the'];
const conjunctions = ['for', 'and', 'nor', 'but', 'or', 'yet', 'so'];
const prepositions = [
'with', 'at', 'from', 'into','upon', 'of', 'to', 'in', 'for',
'on', 'by', 'like', 'over', 'plus', 'but', 'up', 'down', 'off', 'near'
];
// The list of spacial characters can be tweaked here
const replaceCharsWithSpace = (str) => str.replace(/[^0-9a-z&/\\]/gi, ' ').replace(/(\s\s+)/gi, ' ');
const capitalizeFirstLetter = (str) => str.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + str.substr(1);
const normalizeStr = (str) => str.toLowerCase().trim();
const shouldCapitalize = (word, fullWordList, posWithinStr) => {
if ((posWithinStr == 0) || (posWithinStr == fullWordList.length - 1)) {
return true;
}
return !(articles.includes(word) || conjunctions.includes(word) || prepositions.includes(word));
}
str = replaceCharsWithSpace(str);
str = normalizeStr(str);
let words = str.split(' ');
if (words.length <= 2) { // Strings less than 3 words long should always have first words capitalized
words = words.map(w => capitalizeFirstLetter(w));
}
else {
for (let i = 0; i < words.length; i++) {
words[i] = (shouldCapitalize(words[i], words, i) ? capitalizeFirstLetter(words[i], words, i) : words[i]);
}
}
return words.join(' ');
}
Unit Tests to Ensure Correctness
import { expect } from 'chai';
import { toTitleCase } from '../../src/lib/stringHelper';
describe('toTitleCase', () => {
it('Capitalizes first letter of each word irrespective of articles, conjunctions or prepositions if string is no greater than two words long', function(){
expect(toTitleCase('the dog')).to.equal('The Dog'); // Capitalize articles when only two words long
expect(toTitleCase('for all')).to.equal('For All'); // Capitalize conjunctions when only two words long
expect(toTitleCase('with cats')).to.equal('With Cats'); // Capitalize prepositions when only two words long
});
it('Always capitalize first and last words in a string irrespective of articles, conjunctions or prepositions', function(){
expect(toTitleCase('the beautiful dog')).to.equal('The Beautiful Dog');
expect(toTitleCase('for all the deadly ninjas, be it so')).to.equal('For All the Deadly Ninjas Be It So');
expect(toTitleCase('with cats and dogs we are near')).to.equal('With Cats and Dogs We Are Near');
});
it('Replace special characters with space', function(){
expect(toTitleCase('[wolves & lions]: be careful')).to.equal('Wolves & Lions Be Careful');
expect(toTitleCase('wolves & lions, be careful')).to.equal('Wolves & Lions Be Careful');
});
it('Trim whitespace at beginning and end', function(){
expect(toTitleCase(' mario & Luigi superstar saga ')).to.equal('Mario & Luigi Superstar Saga');
});
it('articles, conjunctions and prepositions should not be capitalized in strings of 3+ words', function(){
expect(toTitleCase('The wolf and the lion: a tale of two like animals')).to.equal('The Wolf and the Lion a Tale of Two like Animals');
expect(toTitleCase('the three Musketeers And plus ')).to.equal('The Three Musketeers and Plus');
});
});
Please note that I am removing quite a bit of special characters from the strings provided. You will need to tweak the regex to address the requirements of your project.
Solution 15 - Javascript
I made this function which can handle last names (so it's not title case) such as "McDonald" or "MacDonald" or "O'Toole" or "D'Orazio". It doesn't however handle German or Dutch names with "van" or "von" which are often in lower-case... I believe "de" is often lower-case too such as "Robert de Niro". These would still have to be addressed.
function toProperCase(s)
{
return s.toLowerCase().replace( /\b((m)(a?c))?(\w)/g,
function($1, $2, $3, $4, $5) { if($2){return $3.toUpperCase()+$4+$5.toUpperCase();} return $1.toUpperCase(); });
}
Solution 16 - Javascript
ES 6
str.split(' ')
.map(s => s.slice(0, 1).toUpperCase() + s.slice(1).toLowerCase())
.join(' ')
else
str.split(' ').map(function (s) {
return s.slice(0, 1).toUpperCase() + s.slice(1).toLowerCase();
}).join(' ')
Solution 17 - Javascript
If you can use third party libraries in your code then lodash has a helper function for us.
https://lodash.com/docs/4.17.3#startCase
_.startCase('foo bar');
// => 'Foo Bar'
_.startCase('--foo-bar--');
// => 'Foo Bar'
_.startCase('fooBar');
// => 'Foo Bar'
_.startCase('__FOO_BAR__');
// => 'FOO BAR'
Solution 18 - Javascript
First, convert your string
into array by splitting it by spaces:
var words = str.split(' ');
Then use array.map to create a new array containing the capitalized words.
var capitalized = words.map(function(word) {
return word.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + word.substring(1, word.length);
});
Then join the new array with spaces:
capitalized.join(" ");
function titleCase(str) {
str = str.toLowerCase(); //ensure the HeLlo will become Hello at the end
var words = str.split(" ");
var capitalized = words.map(function(word) {
return word.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + word.substring(1, word.length);
});
return capitalized.join(" ");
}
console.log(titleCase("I'm a little tea pot"));
NOTE:
This of course has a drawback. This will only capitalize the first letter of every word. By word, this means that it treats every string separated by spaces as 1 word.
Supposedly you have:
str = "I'm a little/small tea pot";
This will produce >I'm A Little/small Tea Pot
compared to the expected >I'm A Little/Small Tea Pot
In that case, using Regex and .replace will do the trick:
with ES6:
const capitalize = str => str.length
? str[0].toUpperCase() +
str.slice(1).toLowerCase()
: '';
const escape = str => str.replace(/./g, c => `\\${c}`);
const titleCase = (sentence, seps = ' _-/') => {
let wordPattern = new RegExp(`[^${escape(seps)}]+`, 'g');
return sentence.replace(wordPattern, capitalize);
};
console.log( titleCase("I'm a little/small tea pot.") );
or without ES6:
function capitalize(str) {
return str.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + str.substring(1, str.length).toLowerCase();
}
function titleCase(str) {
return str.replace(/[^\ \/\-\_]+/g, capitalize);
}
console.log(titleCase("I'm a little/small tea pot."));
Solution 19 - Javascript
var toMatch = "john w. smith";
var result = toMatch.replace(/(\w)(\w*)/g, function (_, i, r) {
return i.toUpperCase() + (r != null ? r : "");
}
)
Seems to work... Tested with the above, "the quick-brown, fox? /jumps/ ^over^ the ¡lazy! dog..." and "C:/program files/some vendor/their 2nd application/a file1.txt".
If you want 2Nd instead of 2nd, you can change to /([a-z])(\w*)/g
.
The first form can be simplified as:
function toTitleCase(toTransform) {
return toTransform.replace(/\b([a-z])/g, function (_, initial) {
return initial.toUpperCase();
});
}
Solution 20 - Javascript
Most of these answers seem to ignore the possibility of using the word boundary metacharacter (\b). A shorter version of Greg Dean's answer utilizing it:
function toTitleCase(str)
{
return str.replace(/\b\w/g, function (txt) { return txt.toUpperCase(); });
}
Works for hyphenated names like Jim-Bob too.
Solution 21 - Javascript
Try this, shortest way:
str.replace(/(^[a-z])|(\s+[a-z])/g, txt => txt.toUpperCase());
Solution 22 - Javascript
Try this
String.prototype.toProperCase = function(){
return this.toLowerCase().replace(/(^[a-z]| [a-z]|-[a-z])/g,
function($1){
return $1.toUpperCase();
}
);
};
Example
var str = 'john smith';
str.toProperCase();
Solution 23 - Javascript
Use /\S+/g
to support diacritics:
function toTitleCase(str) {
return str.replace(/\S+/g, str => str.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + str.substr(1).toLowerCase());
}
console.log(toTitleCase("a city named örebro")); // A City Named Örebro
However: "sunshine (yellow)" ⇒ "Sunshine (yellow)"
Solution 24 - Javascript
I think the simplest is using css.
function format_str(str) {
str = str.toLowerCase();
return '<span style="text-transform: capitalize">'+ str +'</span>';
}
Solution 25 - Javascript
"john f. kennedy".replace(/\b\S/g, t => t.toUpperCase())
Solution 26 - Javascript
Here's a really simple & concise ES6 function to do this:
const titleCase = (str) => {
return str.replace(/\w\S*/g, (t) => { return t.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + t.substr(1).toLowerCase() });
}
export default titleCase;
Works well included in a utilities
folder and used as follows:
import titleCase from './utilities/titleCase.js';
const string = 'my title & string';
console.log(titleCase(string)); //-> 'My Title & String'
Solution 27 - Javascript
Here is my function that is taking care of accented characters (important for french !) and that can switch on/off the handling of lowers exceptions. Hope that helps.
String.prototype.titlecase = function(lang, withLowers = false) {
var i, string, lowers, uppers;
string = this.replace(/([^\s:\-'])([^\s:\-']*)/g, function(txt) {
return txt.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + txt.substr(1).toLowerCase();
}).replace(/Mc(.)/g, function(match, next) {
return 'Mc' + next.toUpperCase();
});
if (withLowers) {
if (lang == 'EN') {
lowers = ['A', 'An', 'The', 'At', 'By', 'For', 'In', 'Of', 'On', 'To', 'Up', 'And', 'As', 'But', 'Or', 'Nor', 'Not'];
}
else {
lowers = ['Un', 'Une', 'Le', 'La', 'Les', 'Du', 'De', 'Des', 'À', 'Au', 'Aux', 'Par', 'Pour', 'Dans', 'Sur', 'Et', 'Comme', 'Mais', 'Ou', 'Où', 'Ne', 'Ni', 'Pas'];
}
for (i = 0; i < lowers.length; i++) {
string = string.replace(new RegExp('\\s' + lowers[i] + '\\s', 'g'), function(txt) {
return txt.toLowerCase();
});
}
}
uppers = ['Id', 'R&d'];
for (i = 0; i < uppers.length; i++) {
string = string.replace(new RegExp('\\b' + uppers[i] + '\\b', 'g'), uppers[i].toUpperCase());
}
return string;
}
Solution 28 - Javascript
here's another solution using css (and javascript, if the text you want to transform is in uppercase):
html
<span id='text'>JOHN SMITH</span>
js
var str = document.getElementById('text').innerHtml;
var return_text = str.toLowerCase();
css
#text{text-transform:capitalize;}
Solution 29 - Javascript
Taking the "lewax00" solution I created this simple solution that force to "w" starting with space or "w" that initiate de word, but is not able to remove the extra intermediate spaces.
"SOFÍA vergara".toLowerCase().replace(/\b(\s\w|^\w)/g, function (txt) { return txt.toUpperCase(); });
The result is "Sofía Vergara".
Solution 30 - Javascript
We have been having a discussion back here at the office and we think that trying to automatically correct the way people input names in the current way you want it doing is fraught with possible issues.
We have come up with several cases where different types of auto capitalization fall apart and these are just for English names alone, each language has its own complexities.
Issues with capitalizing the first letter of each name:
• Acronyms such as IBM aren’t allowed to be inputted, would turn into Ibm.
• The Name McDonald would turn into Mcdonald which is incorrect, the same thing is MacDonald too.
• Double barrelled names such as Marie-Tonks would get turned into Marie-tonks.
• Names like O’Connor would turn into O’connor.
For most of these you could write custom rules to deal with it, however, this still has issues with Acronyms as before and you get a new issue:
• Adding in a rule to fix names with Mac such as MacDonald, would the break names such as Macy turning it into MacY.
The only solution we have come up with that is never incorrect is to capitalize every letter which is a brute force method that the DBS appear to also use.
So if you want to automate the process it is as good as impossible to do without a dictionary of every single name and word and how it should be capitlized, If you don't have a rule that covers everything don't use it as it will just annoy your users and prompt people who want to enter their names correctly to go else where.
Solution 31 - Javascript
My one line solution:
String.prototype.capitalizeWords = function() {
return this.split(" ").map(function(ele){ return ele[0].toUpperCase() + ele.slice(1).toLowerCase();}).join(" ");
};
Then, you can call the method capitalizeWords()
on any string. For example:
var myS = "this actually works!";
myS.capitalizeWords();
>>> This Actually Works
My other solution:
function capitalizeFirstLetter(word) {
return word[0].toUpperCase() + word.slice(1).toLowerCase();
}
String.prototype.capitalizeAllWords = function() {
var arr = this.split(" ");
for(var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
arr[i] = capitalizeFirstLetter(arr[i]);
}
return arr.join(" ");
};
Then, you can call the method capitalizeWords()
on any string. For example:
var myStr = "this one works too!";
myStr.capitalizeWords();
>>> This One Works Too
Alternative solution based on Greg Dean answer:
function capitalizeFirstLetter(word) {
return word[0].toUpperCase() + word.slice(1).toLowerCase();
}
String.prototype.capitalizeWords = function() {
return this.replace(/\w\S*/g, capitalizeFirstLetter);
};
Then, you can call the method capitalizeWords()
on any string. For example:
var myString = "yes and no";
myString.capitalizeWords()
>>> Yes And No
Solution 32 - Javascript
Simple way to convert an individual word to title case
Using the "Slice" method and String concatenation
str.slice(0, 1).toUpperCase() + str.slice(1, str.length)
*Add .toLowerCase() to the end if you want to lowercase the rest of the word
Using ES6 Spread Operator, Map, and Join
[...str].map((w, i) => i === 0 ? w[0].toUpperCase() : w).join('')
Solution 33 - Javascript
I've tested this solution for Turkish and it works with special characters too.
function toTitleCase(str) {
return str.toLocaleLowerCase().replace(
/(^|\w)\S*/g,
(txt) => txt.charAt(0).toLocaleUpperCase() + txt.substring(1),
)
}
console.log(toTitleCase('İSMAİL HAKKI'))
console.log(toTitleCase('ŞAHMARAN BİNBİR GECE MASALLARI'))
I've added "toLocaleLowerCase" at the begining since I've all caps data. You can discard it if you don't need it.
Using locale operations is important for non-english languages.
Solution 34 - Javascript
This is based on my solution for FreeCodeCamp's Bonfire "Title Case", which requires you to first convert the given string to all lower case and then convert every character proceeding a space to upper case.
Without using regex:
function titleCase(str) {
return str.toLowerCase().split(' ').map(function(val) { return val.replace(val[0], val[0].toUpperCase()); }).join(' ');
}
Solution 35 - Javascript
A one-liner using regex, get all \g
starting characters of words \b[a-zA-Z]
, and apply .toUpperCase()
const textString = "Convert string to title case with Javascript.";
const converted = textString.replace(/\b[a-zA-Z]/g, (match) => match.toUpperCase());
console.log(converted)
Solution 36 - Javascript
Here is my answer Guys Please comment and like if your problem solved.
function toTitleCase(str) {
return str.replace(
/(\w*\W*|\w*)\s*/g,
function(txt) {
return(txt.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + txt.substr(1).toLowerCase())
}
);
}
<form>
Input:
<br /><textarea name="input" onchange="form.output.value=toTitleCase(this.value)" onkeyup="form.output.value=toTitleCase(this.value)"></textarea>
<br />Output:
<br /><textarea name="output" readonly onclick="select(this)"></textarea>
</form>
Solution 37 - Javascript
For those of us who are scared of regular expressions (lol):
function titleCase(str)
{
var words = str.split(" ");
for ( var i = 0; i < words.length; i++ )
{
var j = words[i].charAt(0).toUpperCase();
words[i] = j + words[i].substr(1);
}
return words.join(" ");
}
Solution 38 - Javascript
https://lodash.com/docs/4.17.11#capitalize
Use Lodash Library..!! More Reliable
_.capitalize('FRED'); => 'Fred'
Solution 39 - Javascript
My list is based on three quick searches. One for a list of words not to be capitalized, and one for a full list of prepositions.
One final search made the suggestion that prepositions 5 letters or longer should be capitalized, which is something I liked. My purpose is for informal use. I left 'without' in their, because it's the obvious counterpart to with.
So it capitalizes acronyms, the first letter of the title, and the first letter of most words.
It is not intended to handle words in caps-lock. I wanted to leave those alone.
function camelCase(str) { return str.replace(/((?:^|.)\w|\b(?!(?:a|amid|an|and|anti|as|at|but|but|by|by|down|for|for|for|from|from|in|into|like|near|nor|of|of|off|on|on|onto|or|over|past|per|plus|save|so|than|the|to|to|up|upon|via|with|without|yet)\b)\w)/g, function(character) { return character.toUpperCase(); })}
console.log(camelCase('The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog, named butter, who was taking a nap outside the u.s. Post Office. The fox jumped so high that NASA saw him on their radar.'));
Solution 40 - Javascript
You can capitalize 1st char and join with the remaining string.
let str = 'john smith';
let res = str.split(" ");
res.forEach((w, index) => {
res[index] = w.charAt(0).toUpperCase().concat(w.slice(1, w.length))
});
res = res.join(" ");
console.log(res);
Solution 41 - Javascript
jim-bob -> Jim-Bob
jim/bob -> Jim/Bob
jim_bob -> Jim_Bob
isn't -> Isn't
école -> École
McDonalds -> McDonalds
function toTitleCase(str) {
return str.replace(/\p{L}+('\p{L}+)?/gu, function(txt) {
return txt.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + txt.slice(1)
})
}
Solution 42 - Javascript
It's not short but here is what I came up with on a recent assignment in school:
var myPoem = 'What is a jQuery but a misunderstood object?'
//What is a jQuery but a misunderstood object? --> What Is A JQuery But A Misunderstood Object?
//code here
var capitalize = function(str) {
var strArr = str.split(' ');
var newArr = [];
for (var i = 0; i < strArr.length; i++) {
newArr.push(strArr[i].charAt(0).toUpperCase() + strArr[i].slice(1))
};
return newArr.join(' ')
}
var fixedPoem = capitalize(myPoem);
alert(fixedPoem);
Solution 43 - Javascript
Prototype solution of Greg Dean's solution:
String.prototype.capitalize = function() {
return this.replace(/\w\S*/g, function(txt){return txt.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + txt.substr(1).toLowerCase();});
}
Solution 44 - Javascript
Simpler more performant version, with simple caching.
var TITLE_CASE_LOWER_MAP = {
'a': 1, 'an': 1, 'and': 1, 'as': 1, 'at': 1, 'but': 1, 'by': 1, 'en':1, 'with': 1,
'for': 1, 'if': 1, 'in': 1, 'of': 1, 'on': 1, 'the': 1, 'to': 1, 'via': 1
};
// LEAK/CACHE TODO: evaluate using LRU.
var TITLE_CASE_CACHE = new Object();
toTitleCase: function (title) {
if (!title) return null;
var result = TITLE_CASE_CACHE[title];
if (result) {
return result;
}
result = "";
var split = title.toLowerCase().split(" ");
for (var i=0; i < split.length; i++) {
if (i > 0) {
result += " ";
}
var word = split[i];
if (i == 0 || TITLE_CASE_LOWER_MAP[word] != 1) {
word = word.substr(0,1).toUpperCase() + word.substr(1);
}
result += word;
}
TITLE_CASE_CACHE[title] = result;
return result;
},
Solution 45 - Javascript
My simple and easy version to the problem:
function titlecase(str){
var arr=[];
var str1=str.split(' ');
for (var i = 0; i < str1.length; i++) {
var upper= str1[i].charAt(0).toUpperCase()+ str1[i].substr(1);
arr.push(upper);
};
return arr.join(' ');
}
titlecase('my name is suryatapa roy');
Solution 46 - Javascript
Robust Functional programming way to do Title Case Function
Exaplin Version
function toTitleCase(input){
let output = input
.split(' ') // 'HOw aRe YOU' => ['HOw' 'aRe' 'YOU']
.map((letter) => {
let firstLetter = letter[0].toUpperCase() // H , a , Y => H , A , Y
let restLetters = letter.substring(1).toLowerCase() // Ow, Re, OU => ow, re, ou
return firstLetter + restLetters // conbine together
})
.join(' ') //['How' 'Are' 'You'] => 'How Are You'
return output
}
Implementation version
function toTitleCase(input){
return input
.split(' ')
.map(i => i[0].toUpperCase() + i.substring(1).toLowerCase())
.join(' ')
}
toTitleCase('HoW ARe yoU') // reuturn 'How Are You'
Solution 47 - Javascript
Here is a compact solution to the problem:
function Title_Case(phrase)
{
var revised = phrase.charAt(0).toUpperCase();
for ( var i = 1; i < phrase.length; i++ ) {
if (phrase.charAt(i - 1) == " ") {
revised += phrase.charAt(i).toUpperCase(); }
else {
revised += phrase.charAt(i).toLowerCase(); }
}
return revised;
}
Solution 48 - Javascript
There's been some great answers, but, with many people using regex to find the word, but, for some reason, nobody else uses regex to replace the first character. For explanation, I'll provide a long solution and a shorter one.
The long solution (more explanatory). By using regular expression [^\s_\-/]*
we can find every word in the sentence. Subsequently, we can use the regular expression .
to match to the first character in a word. Using the regular expression version of replace for both of these, we can change the solution like this:
function toUpperCase(str) { return str.toUpperCase(); }
function capitalizeWord(word) { return word.replace(/./, toUpperCase); }
function capitalize(sentence) { return sentence.toLowerCase().replace(/[^\s_\-/]*/g, capitalizeWord); }
console.log(capitalize("hello world")); // Outputs: Hello World
For a single function that does the same thing, we nest the replace
calls as follows:
function capitalize(sentence) {
return sentence.toLowerCase().replace(/[^\s_\-/]*/g, function (word) {
return word.replace(/./, function (ch) { return ch.toUpperCase(); } );
} );
}
console.log(capitalize("hello world")); // Outputs: Hello World
Solution 49 - Javascript
this is a test
---> This Is A Test
function capitalize(str) {
const word = [];
for (let char of str.split(' ')) {
word.push(char[0].toUpperCase() + char.slice(1))
}
return word.join(' ');
}
console.log(capitalize("this is a test"));
Solution 50 - Javascript
john smith -> John Smith
'john smith'.replace(/(^\w|\s+\w){1}/g, function(str){ return str.toUpperCase() } );
Solution 51 - Javascript
A solution using lodash -
import { words, lowerCase, capitalize, endsWith, padEnd } from 'lodash';
const titleCase = string =>
padEnd(
words(string, /[^ ]+/g)
.map(lowerCase)
.map(capitalize)
.join(' '),
string.length,
);
Solution 52 - Javascript
If you'd like to use an NPM library, check out title-case
:
Installation:
npm install title-case --save
Usage:
import { titleCase } from "title-case";
titleCase("string"); //=> "String"
titleCase("follow step-by-step instructions"); //=> "Follow Step-by-Step Instructions"
Solution 53 - Javascript
As full featured as John Resig's solution, but as a one-liner: (based on this github project)
function toTitleCase(e){var t=/^(a|an|and|as|at|but|by|en|for|if|in|of|on|or|the|to|vs?\.?|via)$/i;return e.replace(/([^\W_]+[^\s-]*) */g,function(e,n,r,i){return r>0&&r+n.length!==i.length&&n.search(t)>-1&&i.charAt(r-2)!==":"&&i.charAt(r-1).search(/[^\s-]/)<0?e.toLowerCase():n.substr(1).search(/[A-Z]|\../)>-1?e:e.charAt(0).toUpperCase()+e.substr(1)})};
console.log( toTitleCase( "ignores mixed case words like iTunes, and allows AT&A and website.com/address etc..." ) );
Solution 54 - Javascript
function toTitleCase(str) {
var strnew = "";
var i = 0;
for (i = 0; i < str.length; i++) {
if (i == 0) {
strnew = strnew + str[i].toUpperCase();
} else if (i != 0 && str[i - 1] == " ") {
strnew = strnew + str[i].toUpperCase();
} else {
strnew = strnew + str[i];
}
}
alert(strnew);
}
toTitleCase("hello world how are u");
Solution 55 - Javascript
This is one line solution, if you want convert every work in the string, Split the string by " ", iterate over the parts and apply this solution to each part, add every converted part to a array and join it with " ".
var stringToConvert = 'john';
stringToConvert = stringToConvert.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + Array.prototype.slice.call(stringToConvert, 1).join('');
console.log(stringToConvert);
Solution 56 - Javascript
function titleCase(str) {
str = str.toLowerCase();
var strArray = str.split(" ");
for(var i = 0; i < strArray.length; i++){
strArray[i] = strArray[i].charAt(0).toUpperCase() + strArray[i].substr(1);
}
var result = strArray.join(" ");
//Return the string
return result;
}
Solution 57 - Javascript
String.prototype.capitalize = function() {
return this.toLowerCase().split(' ').map(capFirst).join(' ');
function capFirst(str) {
return str.length === 0 ? str : str[0].toUpperCase() + str.substr(1);
}
}
Usage:
"hello world".capitalize()
Solution 58 - Javascript
Just another version to add to the mix. This will also check if the string.length is 0:
String.prototype.toTitleCase = function() {
var str = this;
if(!str.length) {
return "";
}
str = str.split(" ");
for(var i = 0; i < str.length; i++) {
str[i] = str[i].charAt(0).toUpperCase() + (str[i].substr(1).length ? str[i].substr(1) : '');
}
return (str.length ? str.join(" ") : str);
};
Solution 59 - Javascript
This solution takes punctuation into account for new sentences, handles quotations, converts minor words to lowercase and ignores acronyms or all-caps words.
var stopWordsArray = new Array("a", "all", "am", "an", "and", "any", "are", "as", "at", "be", "but", "by", "can", "can't", "did", "didn't", "do", "does", "doesn't", "don't", "else", "for", "get", "gets", "go", "got", "had", "has", "he", "he's", "her", "here", "hers", "hi", "him", "his", "how", "i'd", "i'll", "i'm", "i've", "if", "in", "is", "isn't", "it", "it's", "its", "let", "let's", "may", "me", "my", "no", "of", "off", "on", "our", "ours", "she", "so", "than", "that", "that's", "thats", "the", "their", "theirs", "them", "then", "there", "there's", "these", "they", "they'd", "they'll", "they're", "they've", "this", "those", "to", "too", "try", "until", "us", "want", "wants", "was", "wasn't", "we", "we'd", "we'll", "we're", "we've", "well", "went", "were", "weren't", "what", "what's", "when", "where", "which", "who", "who's", "whose", "why", "will", "with", "won't", "would", "yes", "yet", "you", "you'd", "you'll", "you're", "you've", "your");
// Only significant words are transformed. Handles acronyms and punctuation
String.prototype.toTitleCase = function() {
var newSentence = true;
return this.split(/\s+/).map(function(word) {
if (word == "") { return; }
var canCapitalise = true;
// Get the pos of the first alpha char (word might start with " or ')
var firstAlphaCharPos = word.search(/\w/);
// Check for uppercase char that is not the first char (might be acronym or all caps)
if (word.search(/[A-Z]/) > 0) {
canCapitalise = false;
} else if (stopWordsArray.indexOf(word) != -1) {
// Is a stop word and not a new sentence
word.toLowerCase();
if (!newSentence) {
canCapitalise = false;
}
}
// Is this the last word in a sentence?
newSentence = (word.search(/[\.!\?:]['"]?$/) > 0)? true : false;
return (canCapitalise)? word.replace(word[firstAlphaCharPos], word[firstAlphaCharPos].toUpperCase()) : word;
}).join(' ');
}
// Pass a string using dot notation:
alert("A critical examination of Plato's view of the human nature".toTitleCase());
var str = "Ten years on: a study into the effectiveness of NCEA in New Zealand schools";
str.toTitleCase());
str = "\"Where to from here?\" the effectivness of eLearning in childhood education";
alert(str.toTitleCase());
/* Result:
A Critical Examination of Plato's View of the Human Nature.
Ten Years On: A Study Into the Effectiveness of NCEA in New Zealand Schools.
"Where to From Here?" The Effectivness of eLearning in Childhood Education. */
Solution 60 - Javascript
A method use reduce
function titleCase(str) {
const arr = str.split(" ");
const result = arr.reduce((acc, cur) => {
const newStr = cur[0].toUpperCase() + cur.slice(1).toLowerCase();
return acc += `${newStr} `
},"")
return result.slice(0, result.length-1);
}
Solution 61 - Javascript
Another approach to achieve something similar can be as follows.
formatName(name) {
let nam = '';
name.split(' ').map((word, index) => {
if (index === 0) {
nam += word.split('').map((l, i) => i === 0 ? l.toUpperCase() : l.toLowerCase()).join('');
} else {
nam += ' ' + word.split('').map(l => l.toLowerCase()).join('');
}
});
return nam;
}
Solution 62 - Javascript
ES-6 way to get title case of a word or entire line.
ex. input = 'hEllo' --> result = 'Hello'
ex. input = 'heLLo woRLd' --> result = 'Hello World'
const getTitleCase = (str) => {
if(str.toLowerCase().indexOf(' ') > 0) {
return str.toLowerCase().split(' ').map((word) => {
return word.replace(word[0], word[0].toUpperCase());
}).join(' ');
}
else {
return str.slice(0, 1).toUpperCase() + str.slice(1).toLowerCase();
}
}
Solution 63 - Javascript
I think you should try with this function.
var toTitleCase = function (str) {
str = str.toLowerCase().split(' ');
for (var i = 0; i < str.length; i++) {
str[i] = str[i].charAt(0).toUpperCase() + str[i].slice(1);
}
return str.join(' ');
};
Solution 64 - Javascript
My answer using regex.
for more details regex: https://regex101.com/r/AgRM3p/1
function toTitleCase(string = '') {
const regex = /^[a-z]{0,1}|\s\w/gi;
string = string.toLowerCase();
string.match(regex).forEach((char) => {
string = string.replace(char, char.toUpperCase());
});
return string;
}
const input = document.getElementById('fullname');
const button = document.getElementById('button');
const result = document.getElementById('result');
button.addEventListener('click', () => {
result.innerText = toTitleCase(input.value);
});
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Test</title>
</head>
<body>
<input type="text" id="fullname">
<button id="button">click me</button>
<p id="result">Result here</p>
<script src="./index.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
Solution 65 - Javascript
No regex, no loop, no split, no substring:
String.prototype.toTitleCase = function () { return this.valueOf().toLowerCase().replace(this.valueOf()[0], this.valueOf()[0].toUpperCase()); }
console.log('laiLA'.toTitleCase());
Solution 66 - Javascript
ES6 one liner
const toTitleCase = string => string.split(' ').map((word) => [word[0].toUpperCase(), ...word.substr(1)].join('')).join(' ');