The immediate child elements of one [XElement][1] are accessible by calling the [`Element()`][2] or [`Elements()`][3] functions. Use the overloads with a name to access specific elements, or without to access all child elements.

There are also similar methods like [`Attribute()`][4] and [`Attributes()`][5] that you might find useful.


  [1]: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.xml.linq.xelement.aspx
  [2]: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.xml.linq.xcontainer.element.aspx
  [3]: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.xml.linq.xelement.elements.aspx
  [4]: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.xml.linq.xelement.attribute.aspx
  [5]: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.xml.linq.xelement.attributes.aspx

XElement.Nodes() should get you what you want.

If you just want the XElement child nodes then you might need to restrict it (depending on your XML) with:

    XElement.Nodes().OfType&lt;XElement&gt;()


[XElement.Nodes][1]


  [1]: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.xml.linq.xcontainer.nodes.aspx

I&#39;m working on a login page for my website and I want to bold the label that comes **before** the input box when the text box gains focus. Right now I have the following markup:

    &lt;label for=&quot;username&quot;&gt;Username:&lt;/label&gt;
    &lt;input type=&quot;textbox&quot; id=&quot;username&quot; /&gt;

    &lt;label for=&quot;password&quot;&gt;Password:&lt;/label&gt;
    &lt;input type=&quot;textbox&quot; id=&quot;password&quot; /&gt;

I can use the adjacent selector to select the label **after** the text box, but I can&#39;t select the element before it. I can use this CSS selector rule, but it only selects the label after, so when the username text box gains focus, the password label becomes bold.

    input:focus + label {font-weight: bold}

Is there anything I can do to make this work? I know JavaScript could be used to easily do this, but I&#39;d like to use a purely CSS-based solution if possible, I just can&#39;t figure out a way to do it.

CSS Selector for selecting an element that comes BEFORE another element?

I need to remove multiple items from a Dictionary.
A simple way to do that is as follows :

      List&lt;string&gt; keystoremove= new List&lt;string&gt;();
      foreach (KeyValuePair&lt;string,object&gt; k in MyCollection)
         if (k.Value.Member==foo)
            keystoremove.Add(k.Key);
      foreach (string s in keystoremove)
            MyCollection.Remove(s);

The reason why I can&#39;t directly Remove the items in the foreach block is that this would throw an Exception (&quot;Collection was modified...&quot;)

I&#39;d like to do the following :

     MyCollection.RemoveAll(x =&gt;x.Member==foo)

But the Dictionary&lt;&gt; class doesn&#39;t expose a RemoveAll(Predicate&lt;&gt; Match) method, like the List&lt;&gt; Class does.

What&#39;s the best way (both performance wise and elegant wise) to do that?


Best way to remove multiple items matching a predicate from a .NET Dictionary?

How do I get just the children of an XElement?

I am currently using the XElement.Descendants() function, which returns all levels of XElements, rather than just the child nodes.

What I would really like is an IEnumerable&lt;XElement&gt; of just the children.

Children of XElement

How do I get just the children of an XElement?
I am currently using the XElement.Descendants() function, which returns all levels of XElements, rather than just the child nodes.
What I would really like is an IEnumerable<xelement> of just the children.</xelement>

I have a control which I have to make large modifications to.  I&#39;d like to completely prevent it from redrawing while I do that - SuspendLayout and ResumeLayout aren&#39;t enough.  How do I suspend painting for a control and its children?

How do I suspend painting for a control and its children?

A &quot;non-believer&quot; of C# was asking me what the purpose to extension methods was. I explained that you could then add new methods to objects that were already defined, especially when you don&#39;t own/control the source to the original object.

He brought up &quot;Why not just add a method to your own class?&quot; We&#39;ve been going round and round (in a good way). My general response is that it is another tool in the toolbelt, and his response is it is a useless waste of a tool... but I thought I&#39;d get a more &quot;enlightened&quot; answer.

What are some scenarios that you&#39;ve used extension methods that you couldn&#39;t have (or shouldn&#39;t have) used a method added on to your own class?

What Advantages of Extension Methods have you found?

&gt; **Possible Duplicate:**  
&gt; [Can’t operator == be applied to generic types in C#?](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/390900/cant-operator-be-applied-to-generic-types-in-c)  

&lt;!-- End of automatically inserted text --&gt;

I&#39;ve coded something like this:

    public bool IsDataChanged()
    {           
        T value1 = GetValue2;
        T value2 = GetValue1();
    
        return (valueInDB != valueFromView);
    }

Right now the function doesn&#39;t compile with the error &quot;*Operator &#39;!=&#39; cannot be applied to operands of type &#39;T&#39; and &#39;T&#39;*&quot;. What do I have to do to make this function work ?

c# compare two generic values

I am playing with LINQ to learn about it, but I can&#39;t figure out how to use `Distinct` when I do not have a simple list (a simple list of integers is pretty easy to do, this is not the question). What I if want to use [Distinct][1] on a list of an Object on *one* or *more* properties of the object?

Example: If an object is `Person`, with Property `Id`. How can I get all Person and use `Distinct` on them with the property `Id` of the object?

    Person1: Id=1, Name=&quot;Test1&quot;
    Person2: Id=1, Name=&quot;Test1&quot;
    Person3: Id=2, Name=&quot;Test2&quot;

How can I get just `Person1` and `Person3`? Is that possible?

If it&#39;s not possible with LINQ, what would be the best way to have a list of `Person` depending on some of its properties in .NET 3.5?

  [1]: https://msdn.microsoft.com/library/system.linq.enumerable.distinct%28v=vs.100%29.aspx


LINQ&#39;s Distinct() on a particular property

    true.ToString() 
    false.toString();
    
    Output:
    True
    False

Is there a valid reason for it being &quot;True&quot; and not &quot;true&quot;? It breaks when writing XML as XML&#39;s boolean type *is lower case*, and also isn&#39;t compatible with C#&#39;s true/false (not sure about CLS though).

**Update**

Here is my very hacky way of getting around it in C# (for use with XML)

    internal static string ToXmlString(this bool b)
    {
    	return b.ToString().ToLower();
    }

Of course that adds 1 more method to the stack, but removes ToLowers() everywhere.

Why does Boolean.ToString output &quot;True&quot; and not &quot;true&quot;

Vim `%` operator jumps to matching parentheses, comment ends and a few other things.  It doesn&#39;t, however, match XML tags (or any other tag, to the best of my knowledge).

What&#39;s the best way to jump to the matching XML tag using Vim?

**Note:**  What I *really* want to do is duplicate a section in an XML file without manually looking for the matching tag.

Jump to matching XML tags in Vim

How can space and tab be represented in an XML tag?

Are there any special characters that can represent them?

Represent space and tab in XML tag?

Its a .vbproj and looks like this

    &lt;Project DefaultTargets=&quot;Build&quot; xmlns=&quot;http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003&quot;&gt;
        &lt;PropertyGroup&gt;
            &lt;ProjectGuid&gt;15a7ee82-9020-4fda-a7fb-85a61664692d&lt;/ProjectGuid&gt;

all i want to get is the ProjectGuid but it does not work when a namespace is there...

     Dim xmlDoc As New XmlDocument()
     Dim filePath As String = Path.Combine(mDirectory, name + &quot;\&quot; + name + &quot;.vbproj&quot;)
     xmlDoc.Load(filePath)
     Dim value As Object = xmlDoc.SelectNodes(&quot;/Project/PropertyGroup/ProjectGuid&quot;)

what can i do to fix this?


XPath select node with namespace

I have encountered many half-solutions to the task of returning XML in ASP.NET. I don&#39;t want to blindly copy &amp; paste some code that happens to work most of the time, though; I want the *right* code, and I want to know *why* it&#39;s right. I want criticism; I want information; I want knowledge; I want understanding.

Below are code fragments, in order of increasing complexity, representing some of the partial solutions I&#39;ve seen, including some of the further questions each one causes, and which I&#39;d like to have answered here.

A thorough answer must address why we *must* have or *must not* have any of the following things, or else explain why it&#39;s irrelevant.

 - Response.Clear();
 - Response.ContentType = &quot;text/xml&quot;;
 - Response.ContentEncoding = Encoding.UTF8;
 - Response.ContentEncoding = Encoding.UTF16;
 - Response.ContentType = &quot;text/xml; charset=utf-8&quot;;
 - Response.ContentType = &quot;text/xml; charset=utf-16&quot;;
 - Response.End()
 - Using an aspx with the front-file guts ripped out
 - Using an ashx file

In the end, imagine you need to write the contents of a helper function like this:

&lt;!-- language: lang-c# --&gt;

    ///&lt;summary&gt;Use this call inside your (Page_Xxx) method to write the
    ///xml to the web client. &lt;/summary&gt;
    ///&lt;remarks&gt;See for https://stackoverflow.com/questions/543319/how-to-return-xml-in-asp-net
    ///for proper usage.&lt;/remarks&gt;
    public static void ReturnXmlDocumentToWebClient(
        XmlDocument document,
        Page page)
    {
       ...
    }

----------

Every solution I see starts with taking an empty aspx page, and trimming all the HTML out of the front file (which causes warnings in Visual Studio):

    &lt;%@ Page Language=&quot;C#&quot;
          AutoEventWireup=&quot;true&quot;
          CodeFile=&quot;GetTheXml.aspx.cs&quot;
          Inherits=&quot;GetTheXml&quot; %&gt;

Next we use the `Page_Load` event to write to the output:

&lt;!-- language: lang-c# --&gt;

    protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
       String xml = &quot;&lt;foo&gt;Hello, world!&lt;/foo&gt;&quot;;

       Response.Write(xml);
    }

----------

Do we need to change the **ContentType** to **&quot;text/xml&quot;**? I.e.:

&lt;!-- language: lang-c# --&gt;

    protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
       String xml = &quot;&lt;foo&gt;Hello, world!&lt;/foo&gt;&quot;;

       Response.ContentType = &quot;text/xml&quot;;
       Response.Write(xml);
    }

----------

Do we need to call `Response.Clear` first?

&lt;!-- language: lang-c# --&gt;

    protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
       String xml = &quot;&lt;foo&gt;Hello, world!&lt;/foo&gt;&quot;;

       Response.Clear();
       Response.ContentType = &quot;text/xml&quot;;
       Response.Write(xml);
    }

Do we really need to call that? Doesn&#39;t `Response.Clear` make the prior step of making sure that the code in the front file was empty (not even a space or a carriage return) outside of the `&lt;% ... %&gt;` unnecessary?

Does `Response.Clear` make it more robust, in case someone left a blank line or space in the code-front file?

Is using ashx the same as a blank aspx main file, because it&#39;s understood that it&#39;s not going to output HTML?

----------

Do we need to call `Response.End`? I.e.:

&lt;!-- language: lang-c# --&gt;

    protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
       String xml = &quot;&lt;foo&gt;Hello, world!&lt;/foo&gt;&quot;;

       Response.Clear();
       Response.ContentType = &quot;text/xml&quot;;
       Response.Write(xml);
       Response.End();
    }

What else could possibly happen after `Response.Write` that needs us to end the response **right now**?

----------

Is the content-type of `text/xml` sufficient, or should it instead be **text/xml; charset=utf-8**?

&lt;!-- language: lang-c# --&gt;

    protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
       String xml = &quot;&lt;foo&gt;Hello, world!&lt;/foo&gt;&quot;;

       Response.Clear();
       Response.ContentType = &quot;text/xml; charset=utf-8&quot;;
       Response.Write(xml);
       Response.End();
    }

Or should it specifically **not** be that? Does having a charset in the content type, but not setting the property, screw up the server?

Why not some other content type, e.g.:

 - UTF-8
 - utf-16
 - UTF-16

----------

Should the charset be specified in `Response.ContentEncoding`?

&lt;!-- language: lang-c# --&gt;

    protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
       String xml = &quot;&lt;foo&gt;Hello, world!&lt;/foo&gt;&quot;;

       Response.Clear();
       Response.ContentType = &quot;text/xml&quot;;
       Response.ContentEncoding = Encoding.UTF8;
       Response.Write(xml);
       Response.End();
    }

Is using `Response.ContentEncoding` better than jamming it into `Response.ContentType`? Is it worse? Is the former supported? Is the latter?

----------

I don&#39;t actually want to write a String out; I want to write out an `XmlDocument`. [Someone suggests I can use the `XmlWriter`][1]:

&lt;!-- language: lang-c# --&gt;

    protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
       XmlDocument xml = GetXmlDocumentToShowTheUser();

       Response.Clear();
       Response.ContentType = &quot;text/xml&quot;;
       Response.ContentEncoding = Encoding.UTF8;

       using (TextWriter textWriter = new StreamWriter(
             Response.OutputStream,
             Encoding.UTF8))
       {
           XmlTextWriter xmlWriter = new XmlTextWriter(textWriter);
           // Write XML using xmlWriter
           //TODO: How to do this?
       }
    }

Note the use of `Response.OutputStream`, rather than `Response.Write`. Is this good? Bad? Better? Worse? Faster? Slower? More memory intensive? Less memory intensive?

----------

I [read][6] that you should render

&gt; the XML in the page’s Render() method
&gt; to avoid problems with chunking
&gt; encountered when using Page_Load().

What is **chunking**?
What are the problems with chunking, and how does using using `Page_Render` eliminate them?

----------

I don&#39;t want to write the contents of my `XmlDocument` object into a string and then write that because that wastes memory. That is, any of these would be bad:

&lt;!-- language: lang-c# --&gt;

    Response.Write(doc.ToString());
    Response.Write(doc.InnerXml);
    xmlWrite.WriteString(doc.ToString());
    xmlWrite.WriteString(doc.InnerXml);

----------

**Similar Questions**

[How to return XML in ASP.NET][1]

**References**

[How Return XML From ASPX in ASP.NET 1.1][2]

[Writing XML output to an ASP.NET webpage][3]

[How do you output XML from ASP.NET?][4]

[Creating an ASHX handler in ASP.NET][5]

  [1]: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/374535/how-to-return-xml-in-aspnet
  [2]: http://www.deez.info/sengelha/2006/02/06/how-return-xml-from-aspx-in-aspnet-11
  [3]: http://forums.asp.net/t/1298093.aspx
  [4]: http://bytes.com/groups/net-asp/647876-how-do-you-output-xml-asp-net
  [5]: http://www.aspcode.net/Creating-an-ASHX-handler-in-ASPNET.aspx
  [6]: http://www.deez.info/sengelha/2006/02/06/how-return-xml-from-aspx-in-aspnet-11/#comment-24670


How to return XML in ASP.NET?

I have the following code: 

    DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance().newDocumentBuilder().parse(xmlFile);

How can I get it to parse XML contained within a String instead of a file?

In Java, how do I parse XML as a String instead of a file?

I have an `XDocument` object. I want to query for elements with a particular name at any depth using LINQ.

When I use `Descendants(&quot;element_name&quot;)`, I only get elements that are direct children of the current level. I&#39;m looking for the equivalent of &quot;//element_name&quot; in XPath...should I just use `XPath`, or is there a way to do it using LINQ methods?


Query an XDocument for elements by name at any depth

I can select the first customer node and change its company name with the code below.

But how do I select customer node where ID=2?

        XDocument xmldoc = new XDocument(
            new XDeclaration(&quot;1.0&quot;, &quot;utf-8&quot;, &quot;yes&quot;),
            new XComment(&quot;These are all the customers transfered from the database.&quot;),
            new XElement(&quot;Customers&quot;,
                new XElement(&quot;Customer&quot;,
                    new XAttribute(&quot;ID&quot;, 1),
                    new XElement(&quot;FullName&quot;, &quot;Jim Tester&quot;),
                    new XElement(&quot;Title&quot;, &quot;Developer&quot;),
                    new XElement(&quot;Company&quot;, &quot;Apple Inc.&quot;)
                    ),
                new XElement(&quot;Customer&quot;,
                    new XAttribute(&quot;ID&quot;, 2),
                    new XElement(&quot;FullName&quot;, &quot;John Testly&quot;),
                    new XElement(&quot;Title&quot;, &quot;Tester&quot;),
                    new XElement(&quot;Company&quot;, &quot;Google&quot;)
                    )
                )
            );

        XElement elementToChange = xmldoc.Element(&quot;Customers&quot;).Element(&quot;Customer&quot;).Element(&quot;Company&quot;);
        elementToChange.ReplaceWith(new XElement(&quot;Company&quot;, &quot;new company value...&quot;));


&lt;h2&gt;ANSWER:&lt;/h2&gt;

Thanks guys, for the record, here is the exact syntax to search out the company element in the customer-with-id-2 element, and then change only the value of the company element:

    XElement elementToChange = xmldoc.Element(&quot;Customers&quot;)
        .Elements(&quot;Customer&quot;)
        .Single(x =&gt; (int)x.Attribute(&quot;ID&quot;) == 2)
        .Element(&quot;Company&quot;);
    elementToChange.ReplaceWith(
        new XElement(&quot;Company&quot;, &quot;new company value...&quot;)
        );


&lt;h2&gt;ANSWER WITH METHOD SYNTAX:&lt;/h2&gt;

Just figured it out in method syntax as well:

    XElement elementToChange = (from c in xmldoc.Element(&quot;Customers&quot;)
                                    .Elements(&quot;Customer&quot;)
                                where (int)c.Attribute(&quot;ID&quot;) == 3
                                select c).Single().Element(&quot;Company&quot;);

How to select a specific node with LINQ-to-XML

I got this XML file:

	&lt;root&gt;
		&lt;level1 name=&quot;A&quot;&gt;
			&lt;level2 name=&quot;A1&quot; /&gt;
			&lt;level2 name=&quot;A2&quot; /&gt;
		&lt;/level1&gt;
		&lt;level1 name=&quot;B&quot;&gt;
			&lt;level2 name=&quot;B1&quot; /&gt;
			&lt;level2 name=&quot;B2&quot; /&gt;
		&lt;/level1&gt;
		&lt;level1 name=&quot;C&quot; /&gt;
	&lt;/root&gt;

Could someone give me a C# code using LINQ, the simplest way to print this result:&lt;br&gt;
(Note the extra space if it is a `level2` node)

    A
      A1
      A2
    B
      B1
      B2
    C

Currently I got this code:

	XDocument xdoc = XDocument.Load(&quot;data.xml&quot;));
	var lv1s = from lv1 in xdoc.Descendants(&quot;level1&quot;)
			   select lv1.Attribute(&quot;name&quot;).Value;

	foreach (var lv1 in lv1s)
	{
		result.AppendLine(lv1);

		var lv2s = from lv2 in xdoc...???
	}


LINQ to read XML

I have a **Question** class that has public List property that can contain several **Answers**.

I have a question repository which is responsible for reading the questions and its answers from an xml file.

So I have a collection of Questions (List&lt;Question&gt;) with each Question object having a collection of Answers and I&#39;d like to query this collection of Questions for an Answer (ie by its Name) by using Linq. I don&#39;t know how to do this properly.

I could do it with a foreach but I&#39;d like to know whether there is a pure Linq way since I&#39;m learning it.







linq question: querying nested collections

I&#39;m working on a little something and I am trying to figure out whether I can load an XDocument from a string. `XDocument.Load()` seems to take the string passed to it as a path to a physical XML file.

I want to try and bypass the step of first having to create the physical XML file and jump straight to populating the XDocument.

Any ideas?

Populate XDocument from String

Consider the following XML:

    &lt;response&gt;
      &lt;status_code&gt;200&lt;/status_code&gt;
      &lt;status_txt&gt;OK&lt;/status_txt&gt;
      &lt;data&gt;
        &lt;url&gt;http://bit.ly/b47LVi&lt;/url&gt;
        &lt;hash&gt;b47LVi&lt;/hash&gt;
        &lt;global_hash&gt;9EJa3m&lt;/global_hash&gt;
        &lt;long_url&gt;http://www.tumblr.com/docs/en/api#api_write&lt;/long_url&gt;
        &lt;new_hash&gt;0&lt;/new_hash&gt;
      &lt;/data&gt;
    &lt;/response&gt;

I&#39;m looking for a really short way to get just the value of the `&lt;hash&gt;` element. I tried:

    var hash = xml.Element(&quot;hash&quot;).Value;
But that&#39;s not working. Is it possible to provide an XPath query to an `XElement`? I can do it with the older `System.Xml` framework, doing something like:

    xml.Node(&quot;/response/data/hash&quot;).Value
Is there something like this in a LINQ namespace?


----------

UPDATE:

After monkeying around with this some more I found a way to do what I&#39;m trying to do:

    var hash = xml.Descendants(&quot;hash&quot;).FirstOrDefault().Value;

I&#39;d still be interested to see if anyone has a better solution?


Content Type	Original Author	Original Content on Stackoverflow
Question	Superman	View Question on Stackoverflow
Solution 1 - C#	Bevan	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 2 - C#	Steven Robbins	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 3 - C#	tvanfosson	View Answer on Stackoverflow

Children of XElement

C# Problem Overview

C# Solutions

Solution 1 - C#

Solution 2 - C#

Solution 3 - C#

Best way to remove multiple items matching a predicate from a .NET Dictionary?

CSS Selector for selecting an element that comes BEFORE another element?

Attributions