For `list` objects can simply use a membership test:

    None in list_1

Like `any()`, the membership test on a `list` will scan all elements but short-circuit by returning as soon as a match is found.

`any()` returns `True` or `False`, never `None`, so your `any(list_1) is None` test is certainly not going anywhere. You&#39;d have to pass in a generator expression for `any()` to iterate over, instead:

    any(elem is None for elem in list_1)

    list_1 = [0, 1, None, 4]

    list_2 = [0, 1, 3, 4]

    any(x is None for x in list_1)
    &gt;&gt;&gt;True

    any(x is None for x in list_2)
    &gt;&gt;&gt;False


Given a `Collection` or `Iterable` of items, is there any `Matcher` (or combination of matchers) that will assert every item matches a single `Matcher`?

For example, given this item type:

    public interface Person {
        public String getGender();
    }

I&#39;d like to write an assertion that all items in a collection of `Person`s have a specific `gender` value. I&#39;m thinking something like this:

    Iterable&lt;Person&gt; people = ...;
    assertThat(people, each(hasProperty(&quot;gender&quot;, &quot;Male&quot;)));

Is there any way to do this without writing the `each` matcher myself?

Is there a Hamcrest &quot;for each&quot; Matcher that asserts all elements of a Collection or Iterable match a single specific Matcher?

I have added &quot;illuminate/html&quot;: &quot;5.*&quot; to composer.json and ran &quot;composer update&quot;.

      - Installing illuminate/html (v5.0.0)
        Loading from cache

I ran this command in the root of the website. I modified the composer.json file in /root/.composer... and in the root of the project and neither have made a difference.

This downloaded the class and it seemed to install. I have added the following to file *config/app.php*.

        &#39;Illuminate\Html\HtmlServiceProvider&#39;,

        &#39;Form&#39;      =&gt; &#39;Illuminate\Html\FormFacade&#39;,
        &#39;Html&#39;      =&gt; &#39;Illuminate\Html\HtmlFacade&#39;,

I think I have an idea what is wrong, but I don’t know how to fix it. My install is in &#39;/var/www/website&#39;. I have checked the file path and the *Html* folder does not exist.

    &quot;/var/www/website/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Html&quot;

I was able to find the class files, but in a different directory.

    &quot;/var/www/website/vendor/illuminate/html&quot;

I manually copied the files over to the main Laravel *illuminate/html* folder, but this hasn&#39;t worked either.



Laravel 5 Class &#39;form&#39; not found

I&#39;m trying to do a simple test that returns `True` if any of the results of a list are `None`.  However, I want `0` and `&#39;&#39;` to not cause a return of `True`.

    list_1 = [0, 1, None, 4]
    list_2 = [0, 1, 3, 4]
    
    any(list_1) is None
    &gt;&gt;&gt;False
    any(list_2) is None
    &gt;&gt;&gt;False


As you can see, the `any()` function as it is isn&#39;t being helpful in this context.  


Check if any item in Python list is None (but include zero)

I'm trying to do a simple test that returns <code>True</code> if any of the results of a list are <code>None</code>. However, I want <code>0</code> and <code>''</code> to not cause a return of <code>True</code>.
<pre><code class="hljs language-python">list_1 = [0, 1, None, 4]
list_2 = [0, 1, 3, 4]

any(list_1) is None
>>>False
any(list_2) is None
>>>False
</code></pre>
As you can see, the <code>any()</code> function as it is isn't being helpful in this context.

I have a csv file with the following columns:

id,name,age,sex

Followed by a lot of values for the above columns.
I am trying to read the column names alone and put them inside a list.

I am using Dictreader and this gives out the correct details:

    with open(&#39;details.csv&#39;) as csvfile:
        i=[&quot;name&quot;,&quot;age&quot;,&quot;sex&quot;]
        re=csv.DictReader(csvfile)
        for row in re:
            for x in i:
                print row[x]

But what I want to do is, I need the list of columns, (&quot;i&quot; in the above case)to be automatically parsed with the input csv than hardcoding them inside a list.


    with open(&#39;details.csv&#39;) as csvfile:
       
        rows=iter(csv.reader(csvfile)).next()
        header=rows[1:]
        re=csv.DictReader(csvfile)
        for row in re:
            print row
            for x in header:
    			
    		    print row[x]

This gives out an error 

    Keyerrror:&#39;name&#39;

 in the line print row[x]. Where am I going wrong? Is it possible to fetch the column names using Dictreader? 


Reading column names alone in a csv file

I have code within a Flask application that uses JSONs in the request, and I can get the JSON object like so:

    Request = request.get_json()

This has been working fine, however I am trying to create unit tests using Python&#39;s unittest module and I&#39;m having difficulty finding a way to send a JSON with the request.

    response=self.app.post(&#39;/test_function&#39;, 
                           data=json.dumps(dict(foo = &#39;bar&#39;)))

This gives me:

    &gt;&gt;&gt; request.get_data()
    &#39;{&quot;foo&quot;: &quot;bar&quot;}&#39;
    &gt;&gt;&gt; request.get_json()
    None

 Flask seems to have a JSON argument where you can set json=dict(foo=&#39;bar&#39;) within the post request, but I don&#39;t know how to do that with the unittest module.

How to send requests with JSON in unit tests

I have a line of code: 

    g = x.groupby(&#39;Color&#39;)

The colors are Red, Blue, Green, Yellow, Purple, Orange, and Black. How do I return this list? For similar attributes, I use x.Attribute and it works fine, but x.Color doesn&#39;t behave the same way.

Python Pandas GroupBy get list of groups

What is the difference between add and update operations in python if i just want to add a single value to the set.


    a = set()
    a.update([1]) #works
    a.add(1) #works
    a.update([1,2])#works
    a.add([1,2])#fails 

Can someone explain why is this so.

add vs update in set operations in python

I don&#39;t understand why I can&#39;t mock NamedTemporaryFile.name in this example:

    from mock import Mock, patch
    import unittest
    import tempfile
    
    def myfunc():
        with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile() as mytmp:
            return mytmp.name
    
    class TestMock(unittest.TestCase):
        @patch(&#39;tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile&#39;)
        def test_cm(self, mock_tmp):
            mytmpname = &#39;abcde&#39;
            mock_tmp.__enter__.return_value.name = mytmpname
            self.assertEqual(myfunc(), mytmpname)

Test results in:

    AssertionError: &lt;MagicMock name=&#39;NamedTemporaryFile().__enter__().name&#39; id=&#39;140275675011280&#39;&gt; != &#39;abcde&#39;


Content Type	Original Author	Original Content on Stackoverflow
Question	Bryan	View Question on Stackoverflow
Solution 1 - Python	Martijn Pieters	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 2 - Python	Tom Cornebize	View Answer on Stackoverflow

Check if any item in Python list is None (but include zero)

Python Problem Overview

Python Solutions

Solution 1 - Python

Solution 2 - Python

Laravel 5 Class 'form' not found

Is there a Hamcrest "for each" Matcher that asserts all elements of a Collection or Iterable match a single specific Matcher?

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