    array_search(strtolower($search), array_map(&#39;strtolower&#39;, $array));

You can use `in_array()` instead of `array_search()`. 

    $response = in_array(&#39;yes&#39;, array_map(&#39;strtolower&#39;, $array));

Edit: Sorry, I see it&#39;s for values, see: http://php.net/manual/en/function.array-change-key-case.php#88648


----------
For keys:

    $a = array(&#39;YES&#39;, &#39;yes&#39;, &#39;Yes&#39;); 
    $b = array_change_key_case($a, CASE_LOWER); 
    $f = array_search(strtolower($search), $b);

My book, &quot;Hello Android&quot; gives this as a way of using a custom db helper, setting up a cursor, and then setting up an adapter as follows:

    Cursor cursor
    CustomDatabaseHelper test = new CustomDatabaseHelper(this);
    try {
            cursor = getData();
            showData(cursor);
    } finally {
            test.close();
    }

With this however, everytime I need to refresh the data set, I need to keep running this block of code (which gets a bit difficult inside an onClick() for a button due to &quot;this&quot; not being available.

Is this the best way to refresh the data set, or should I look towards removing the .close and issue an adapter.notifyDataSetChanged()? If I do this, sometimes I get a force close as (and I can&#39;t remember at the moment) but sometimes it cannot Delete properly - I think this may be because the database is currently open and it tries to open again.

Should we also be declaring the variables for the Cursors, DatabaseHelpers and Adapter in the Class (outside of the OnCreate) so that they are accessible to all the functions?

I realise this is just poor programming at this stage, but Im trying to get some pointers as to the best way of doing things.

Best Way to Refresh Adapter/ListView on Android

We are refactoring a legacy web app and as a result are &quot;killing&quot; quite a lot of JavaScript code but we&#39;re afraid of deleting what we think is dead code due to not being sure.  Is there any tool / technique for positively identifying dead code in JavaScript?

find dead JavaScript code?

I have an array like this:

    $array = Array ( 0 =&gt; &#39;oooo&#39;,
                     1 =&gt; &#39;no&#39;,
                     2 =&gt; &#39;mmmm&#39;, 
                     3 =&gt; &#39;yes&#39; ); 

I&#39;d like to search for a  word &quot;yes&quot;. I know about `array_search()`, but I&#39;d like to match &quot;yes&quot;, &quot;Yes&quot; and &quot;YES&quot; as well.

How can I do this? 

Case-insensitive array search

I have an array like this:
<pre><code class="hljs language-ini">$array = Array ( 0 => 'oooo',
 1 => 'no',
 2 => 'mmmm', 
 3 => 'yes' ); 
</code></pre>
I'd like to search for a word "yes". I know about <code>array_search()</code>, but I'd like to match "yes", "Yes" and "YES" as well.
How can I do this?

Is there a way to generate a random number based on a min and max?

For example, if min was 1 and max 20 it should generate any number between 1 and 20, including 1 and 20?

Random number in range [min - max] using PHP

Say we usually it access via

    http://localhost/index.php?a=1&amp;b=2&amp;c=3

How do we execute the same on a Linux command prompt?

    php -e index.php

But what about passing the $_GET variables? Maybe something like `php -e index.php --a 1 --b 2 --c 3`? I doubt that&#39;ll work.






PHP passing $_GET in the Linux command prompt

What&#39;s the difference between `ob_flush()` and `flush()` and why must I call both?

The [`ob_flush()` reference][1] says:
&gt; This function will send the contents of the output buffer (if any).

The [`flush()` reference][2] says: 
&gt; Flushes the write buffers of PHP and whatever backend PHP is using (CGI, a web server, etc).

However, it continues to say:
&gt; [it] may not be able to override the buffering scheme of your web server…


So, seems to me that I could just use `ob_flush()` all of the time. However, I get strange results when I do that.  Could someone explain in simple terms what&#39;s going on here?


  [1]: http://www.php.net/manual/en/function.ob-flush.php
  [2]: http://php.net/manual/en/function.flush.php

PHP buffer ob_flush() vs. flush()

I&#39;m thinking of the best way to design an achievements system for use on my site. The database structure can be found at https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4144123/mysql-best-way-to-tell-3-or-more-consecutive-records-missing and this thread is really an extension to get the ideas from developers.

The problem I have with lots of talk about badges/achievement systems on this website is just that -- it&#39;s all talk and no code. Where&#39;s the actual code implemention examples?

I propose here a design that I hope people could contribute to and hopefully create a good design for coding extensible achievement systems. I&#39;m not saying this is the best, far from it, but it&#39;s a possible starting block.

Please feel free to contribute your ideas.

----

**my system design idea**

It seems the general consensus is to create an &quot;event based system&quot; -- whenever a known event occurs like a post is created, deleted, etc it calls the event class like so..
 

    $event-&gt;trigger(&#39;POST_CREATED&#39;, array(&#39;id&#39; =&gt; 8));

 
The event class then finds out what badges are &quot;listening&quot; for this event, then it `requires` that file, and creates an instance of that class, like so:
 

    require &#39;/badges/&#39; . $file;
    $badge = new $class;

 
It then calls the default event passing the data received when `trigger` was called;
 

    $badge-&gt;default_event($data);

**the badges**
 
This is then where the real magic happens. each badge has its own query/logic to determine if a badge should be awarded. Each badge is set out in e.g. this format:
 

    class Badge_Name extends Badge
    {
     const _BADGE_500 = &#39;POST_500&#39;;
     const _BADGE_300 = &#39;POST_300&#39;;
     const _BADGE_100 = &#39;POST_100&#39;;
     
     function get_user_post_count()
     {
      $escaped_user_id = mysql_real_escape_string($this-&gt;user_id);
      
      $r = mysql_query(&quot;SELECT COUNT(*) FROM posts
                        WHERE userid=&#39;$escaped_user_id&#39;&quot;);
      if ($row = mysql_fetch_row($r))
      {
       return $row[0];
      }
      return 0;
     }
     
     function default_event($data)
     {
      $post_count = $this-&gt;get_user_post_count();
      $this-&gt;try_award($post_count);
     }
     
     function try_award($post_count)
     {
      if ($post_count &gt; 500)
      {
       $this-&gt;award(self::_BADGE_500);
      }
      else if ($post_count &gt; 300)
      {
       $this-&gt;award(self::_BADGE_300);
      }
      else if ($post_count &gt; 100)
      {
       $this-&gt;award(self::_BADGE_100);
      }
      
     }
    }

 
`award` function comes from an extended class `Badge` which basically checks to see if the user has already be awarded that badge, if not, will update the badge db table. The badge class also takes care of retrieving all badges for a user and returning it in an array, etc (so badges can be e.g. displayed on the user profile)

**what about when the system is very first implemented on an already live site?**

There is also a &quot;cron&quot; job query that can be added to each badge. The reason for this is because when the badge system is very first implemented and initilaised, the badges that should have already been earned have not yet be awarded because this is an event based system. So a CRON job is run on demand for each badge to award anything that needs to be. For example the CRON job for the above would look like:
 

    class Badge_Name_Cron extends Badge_Name
    {
     
     function cron_job()
     {
      $r = mysql_query(&#39;SELECT COUNT(*) as post_count, user_id FROM posts&#39;);
    
      while ($obj = mysql_fetch_object($r))
      {
       $this-&gt;user_id = $obj-&gt;user_id; //make sure we&#39;re operating on the right user
       
       $this-&gt;try_award($obj-&gt;post_count);
      }
     }
    
    }

 
As the above cron class extends the main badge class, it can re-use the logic function `try_award`
 
The reason why I create a specialised query for this is although we could &quot;simulate&quot; previous events, i.e. go through every user post and trigger the event class like `$event-&gt;trigger()` it would be very slow, especially for many badges. So we instead create an optimized query.

**what user gets the award? all about awarding *other* users based on event**

The `Badge` class `award` function acts on `user_id` -- they will always be given the award. By default the badge is awarded to the person who CAUSED the event to happen i.e. the session user id (this is true for the `default_event` function, although the CRON job obviously loops through all users and awards seperate users)

So let&#39;s take an example, on a coding challenge website users submit their coding entry. The admin then judges the entries and when complete, posts the results to the challenge page for all to see. When this happens, a POSTED_RESULTS event is called.

If you want to award badges for users for all the entries posted, lets say, if they were ranked within the top 5, you should use the cron job (although bare in mind this will update for all users, not just for that challenge the results were posted for)

If you want to target a more specific area to update with the cron job, let&#39;s see if there is a way to add filtering parameters into the cron job object, and get the cron_job function to use them. For example:

    class Badge_Top5 extends Badge
    {
       const _BADGE_NAME = &#39;top5&#39;;
    
       function try_award($position)
       {
         if ($position &lt;= 5)
         {
           $this-&gt;award(self::_BADGE_NAME);
         }
       }
    }
    
    class Badge_Top5_Cron extends Badge_Top5
    {
       function cron_job($challenge_id = 0)
       {
         $where = &#39;&#39;;
         if ($challenge_id)
         {
           $escaped_challenge_id = mysql_real_escape_string($challenge_id);
           $where = &quot;WHERE challenge_id = &#39;$escaped_challenge_id&#39;&quot;;
         }
         
         $r = mysql_query(&quot;SELECT position, user_id
                           FROM challenge_entries
                           $where&quot;);
    
        while ($obj = mysql_fetch_object($r))
       {
          $this-&gt;user_id = $obj-&gt;user_id; //award the correct user!
          $this-&gt;try_award($obj-&gt;position);
       }
    }

The cron function will still work even if the parameter is not supplied.

Best way to code Achievements system

SOAP XML:

    &lt;?xml version=&quot;1.0&quot; encoding=&quot;utf-8&quot;?&gt;
    &lt;soap:Envelope xmlns:xsi=&quot;http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance&quot; xmlns:xsd=&quot;http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema&quot; xmlns:soap=&quot;http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/&quot;&gt;
      &lt;soap:Body&gt;
        &lt;PaymentNotification xmlns=&quot;http://apilistener.envoyservices.com&quot;&gt;
          &lt;payment&gt;
            &lt;uniqueReference&gt;ESDEUR11039872&lt;/uniqueReference&gt;      
            &lt;epacsReference&gt;74348dc0-cbf0-df11-b725-001ec9e61285&lt;/epacsReference&gt;
            &lt;postingDate&gt;2010-11-15T15:19:45&lt;/postingDate&gt;
            &lt;bankCurrency&gt;EUR&lt;/bankCurrency&gt;
            &lt;bankAmount&gt;1.00&lt;/bankAmount&gt;
            &lt;appliedCurrency&gt;EUR&lt;/appliedCurrency&gt;
            &lt;appliedAmount&gt;1.00&lt;/appliedAmount&gt;
            &lt;countryCode&gt;ES&lt;/countryCode&gt;
            &lt;bankInformation&gt;Sean Wood&lt;/bankInformation&gt;
      &lt;merchantReference&gt;ESDEUR11039872&lt;/merchantReference&gt;
       &lt;/payment&gt;
        &lt;/PaymentNotification&gt;
      &lt;/soap:Body&gt;
    &lt;/soap:Envelope&gt;


How to get &#39;payment&#39; element?

I try to parse (PHP)

    $xml = simplexml_load_string($soap_response);
    $xml-&gt;registerXPathNamespace(&#39;soap&#39;, &#39;http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/&#39;);
    foreach ($xml-&gt;xpath(&#39;//payment&#39;) as $item)
    {
        print_r($item);
    }

Result is empty :(
Any ideas how to parse it correct?


How to parse SOAP XML?

I was asked the following question in my interview yesterday:

Consider a Java or C++ array say `X` which is sorted and no two elements in it are same. How best can you find an index say `i` such that element at that index is also `i`. That is `X[i] = i`.

As clarification she also gave me an example:

    Array X : -3 -1 0 3 5 7
    index   :  0  1 2 3 4 5

    Answer is 3 as X[3] = 3.

The best I could think was a linear search. After the interview I though a lot on this problem but could not find any better solution. My argument is: the element with the required property can be anywhere in the array. So it could also be at the very end of the array so we need to check every element.

I just wanted to confirm from the community here that I&#39;m right. Please tell me I&#39;m right :)

Interview question - Search in sorted array X for index i such that X[i] = i

What is a way in C that someone could find the length of a character array? 

I will happily accept pseudo-code, but am not averse to someone writing it out if they&#39;d like to :)

Finding the length of a Character Array in C

i have a list like this:

    array(
      array(id=&gt;100, parentid=&gt;0, name=&gt;&#39;a&#39;),
      array(id=&gt;101, parentid=&gt;100, name=&gt;&#39;a&#39;),
      array(id=&gt;102, parentid=&gt;101, name=&gt;&#39;a&#39;),
      array(id=&gt;103, parentid=&gt;101, name=&gt;&#39;a&#39;),
    )

but way bigger so i need a efficient way to make this into a tree like structure like this:

    array(
      id=&gt;100, parentid=&gt;0, name=&gt;&#39;a&#39;, children=&gt;array(
        id=&gt;101, parentid=&gt;100, name=&gt;&#39;a&#39;, children=&gt;array(
          id=&gt;102, parentid=&gt;101, name=&gt;&#39;a&#39;,
          id=&gt;103, parentid=&gt;101, name=&gt;&#39;a&#39;,
        )
      )
    )

i cannot use things like nested set or things like that becoas i can add left and right values in my database.
any ideas? 

create array tree from array list

Other than looping through each element in an array and setting each one to null, is there a native function in Java / processing to simply empty an array (or destroy it, to be able to redeclare it as a new array)?

Empty an array in Java / processing

I have been writing java for a while, and today I encountered the following declaration:

    public static void main(String... args) {
    
    }

Note the &quot;dot dot dot&quot; in the array declaration, rather than the usual bracket []. Clearly it works. In fact I wrote a small test and verified it works. So, I pulled the java grammar to see where this syntax of argument declaration is, but did not find anything.

So to the experts out there, how does this work? Is it part of the grammar? Also, while I can declare function like this, I can&#39;t declare an array within a function&#39;s body like this.

Anyway, do you know of any place that has this documented. It is curiosity, and perhaps not worth of any time invested in it, but I was stumped.


Content Type	Original Author	Original Content on Stackoverflow
Question	Gowri	View Question on Stackoverflow
Solution 1 - Php	Halil Özgür	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 2 - Php	brunohdaniel	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 3 - Php	Ashley	View Answer on Stackoverflow

Case-insensitive array search

Php Problem Overview

Php Solutions

Solution 1 - Php

Solution 2 - Php

Solution 3 - Php

find dead JavaScript code?

Best Way to Refresh Adapter/ListView on Android

Attributions