Can't install psycopg2 with pip in virtualenv on Mac OS X 10.7
PythonDjangoHerokuPipPsycopg2Python Problem Overview
I am following Heroku's tutorial to deploy a Django app: http://devcenter.heroku.com/articles/django#prerequisites.
Everything is working fine until I get to this part:
$ pip install Django psycopg2
I can install Django by itself, but the probelm is with psycopg2.
I keep getting this error:
ld: library not found for -lpq
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
ld: library not found for -lpq
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
lipo: can't open input file: /var/folders/_4/p6l0y0t51hd4xbq7llbyshmw0000gn/T//cc0L10mI.out (No such file or directory)
error: command 'gcc-4.2' failed with exit status 1
I've installed PostgreSQL 9.1 on my machine.
Also, in the output, there are bunch of lines like this:
gcc-4.2 -fno-strict-aliasing -fno-common -dynamic -isysroot /Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.6.sdk -arch i386 -arch x86_64 -g -O2 -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -DPSYCOPG_DEFAULT_PYDATETIME=1 -DPSYCOPG_VERSION="2.4.4 (dt dec pq3 ext)" -DPG_VERSION_HEX=0x090004 -DPSYCOPG_EXTENSIONS=1 -DPSYCOPG_NEW_BOOLEAN=1 -DHAVE_PQFREEMEM=1 -I/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/include/python2.7 -I. -I/usr/include -I/usr/include/postgresql/server -c psycopg/typecast.c -o build/temp.macosx-10.6-intel-2.7/psycopg/typecast.o
I'm not really sure what it means, but I do notice that it has "macosx-10.6" in it so I'm wondering if that could be the issue? I'm on 10.7.
Thanks in advance for your help.
Python Solutions
Solution 1 - Python
Just would like to share. The following code worked for me:
env LDFLAGS='-L/usr/local/lib -L/usr/local/opt/openssl/lib
-L/usr/local/opt/readline/lib' pip install psycopg2==2.5.2
I am using macOS Sierra and psql 9.6.1.
I got the lib path from the pg_config command.
Solution 2 - Python
I am using MAC OS CATALINA verison 10.15.5 with python3 and psql (PostgreSQL) 12.3. Here is what worked for me:
Try installing openssl using brew
brew install openssl
after that export these variables in the terminal.
export LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/opt/openssl/lib"
export CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/local/opt/openssl/include"
verify these variables have been exported by echo $LDFLAGS and after that you are good to go with installation of psycopg2 by typing
pip3 install psycopg2
Solution 3 - Python
First, download Postgres.app.
Then, before running pip install psycopg2, put the binary in your path:
export PATH=$PATH:/Applications/Postgres.app/Contents/Versions/9.3/bin
NOTICE:
9.3 stands for version and will differ over time.
Solution 4 - Python
Generic LDFLAGS variable set
Just export LDFLAGS before installing it, here is generic command which shall work for OS X (and I believe any LINUX system which has same error):
LDFLAGS="$(pg_config --ldflags)" pip install psycopg2
Solution 5 - Python
Refer to official installation guide of psycopg:
> Installing on Mac OS X As a first option, please consider using a > packaged version of Psycopg from Fink or MacPorts. > > If you still want to build Psycopg from source, take a look at these > articles.
Solution 6 - Python
The workaround is to intsall 'psycopg2-binary' package
Solution 7 - Python
Install postgres with brew:
brew install postgres
Then, in your virtualenv install psycopg2 with this command:
ARCHFLAGS=-Wno-error=unused-command-line-argument-hard-error-in-future pip install psycopg2
Solution 8 - Python
Focusing on this line: ld: library not found for -lpq
psycopg2, like most 3rd-party postgres libraries, wants 'pg_config' available in your path. I'm guessing that's your problem.
Type 'pg_config' at the command prompt. I hope you see that it's not found. If not, do a:
sudo find / -name pg_config
to find where it's at, and then add that location to your path, run 'pg_config' and see it succeed, and then finally, re-run pip.
the find command is searching starting at your root dir; it will take a few minutes.
Solution 9 - Python
I was trying so many things and nothing worked. However, if you use Xcode CLI Tools on Mojave and have a problem installing psycopg2, try the following command and try to install psycopg2 again.
sudo installer -pkg /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Packages/macOS_SDK_headers_for_macOS_10.14.pkg -target /
This was described as a Mojave Issue: Pillowissue
In my case, this solved the issue.
Solution 10 - Python
Try this:
pip install psycopg2-binary
Solution 11 - Python
First this:
pip install psycopg2-binary
and then:
pip install psycopg2 worked.
Solution 12 - Python
The following post helped me get it working:
https://stackoverflow.com/a/10326004/1361851
Had to install "command line tools" for Xcode and then I was able to pip install with the virtualenv just the same as the heroku tutorial.
Solution 13 - Python
I tried all of the above solutions but the only thing that resolved the issue for me is simply updating Xcode CLI utilities through the official App Store.
Solution 14 - Python
Once I was also facing the same problem on Mac then I figured out that psycopg2 has a dependency on GCC library.
> export LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/opt/openssl/lib" > > export CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/local/opt/openssl/include"
Just run this command and then try to run
> pip install psycopg2
Hope this will work.