On a **32-bit** machine:
-----
 - **Any CPU**: runs as a 32-bit process, can load **Any CPU** and **x86** assemblies, will get `BadImageFormatException` if it tries to load an **x64** assembly.

 - **x86**: same as **Any CPU**.

 - **x64**: `BadImageFormatException` always.

On a **64-bit** machine:  
-----
 - **Any CPU**: runs as a 64-bit process, can load **Any CPU** and **x64** assemblies, will get `BadImageFormatException` if it tries to load an **x86** assembly.

 - **x86**: runs as a 32-bit process, can load **Any CPU** and **x86** assemblies, will get `BadImageFormatException` if it tries to load an **x64** assembly.

 - **x64**: same as **Any CPU**.


It is the **JIT compiler** that generates an assembly code that&#39;s compatible with the requested target based on this flag.

x86 - Your software will always run in 32bit mode, both on 32bit systems and 64bit systems.

x64 - Your software will always run in 64bit mode, will run on 64bit system but won&#39;t run on 32bit system.

Any CPU - Your software will run according to your OS. if you have a 32bit OS you code will run in 32bit mode, if you have a 64bit OS your code will run in 64bit mode.

I am trying to merge a local branch into the master branch without having Git to do an automerge. I would like to “hand pick” what I would like to be merged into master.

When I use Git’s difftool command, I am able to diff and select what I want to be added into the master branch. But then when I do a merge, I will lose what I selected prior because Git will do an automerge. I can commit the changes into master prior to the merge, but doing so seems unnatural.

And Git’s mergetool is only available when there are conflicts from a merge. But if Git does an automerge then usually there aren’t conflicts, so I am unable to run the mergetool command.

**Update:**

I am starting to think what I am trying to accomplish is bad practice or it’s just not possible. That is, to merge a topic branch and only have it merge what I need from diffing. And in an addition, to have this reflected in history. At any rate, the question I posted surfaced when experimenting with Git.


How do I prevent an automerge using Git?

How do I split a string by `.` delimiter in PHP? For example, if I have the string `&quot;a.b&quot;`, how do I get `&quot;a&quot;`? 

PHP: Split string

&gt; **Possible Duplicate:**  
&gt; [Visual Studio &amp;ldquo;Any CPU&amp;rdquo; target](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/516730/visual-studio-any-cpu-target)  

&lt;!-- End of automatically inserted text --&gt;

I&#39;ve noticed that when compiling C# code in VS, there&#39;s typically options for compiling for 32/64 bit systems, and there&#39;s also one for compiling for any cpu.

What&#39;s the difference between the two options? Does choosing any CPU only compile down to an intermediate byte code while the first option compiles down to machine code (this sounds unlikely to me)? Or something else?

C# compiling for 32/64 bit, or for any cpu?

> Possible Duplicate: 
> <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/516730/visual-studio-any-cpu-target" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Visual Studio “Any CPU” target</a>

I've noticed that when compiling C# code in VS, there's typically options for compiling for 32/64 bit systems, and there's also one for compiling for any cpu.
What's the difference between the two options? Does choosing any CPU only compile down to an intermediate byte code while the first option compiles down to machine code (this sounds unlikely to me)? Or something else?

How can I right-align text in a DataGridView column? I am writing a .NET WinForms application.

How can I right-align text in a DataGridView column?

I am a newbie about entity framework and linq. My query is like that 


    var query = (from d in db.MYTABLE
                 where d.RELID.Equals(myInts[0])
                 select d.ID).Distinct();

    List&lt;int?&gt; urunidleri = query.ToList();

When i execute this code, i got the error message &quot;LINQ to Entities does not recognize the method Int32 get_Item(Int32)&quot;. How can i solve my problem ? 

Thanks... 


LINQ to Entities does not recognize the method Int32 get_Item(Int32)

I have a main form (let&#39;s call it frmHireQuote) that is a child of a main MDI form (frmMainMDI), that shows another form (frmImportContact) via ShowDialog() when a button is clicked.

When the user clicks the &#39;OK&#39; on frmImportContact, I want to pass a few string variables back to some text boxes on frmHireQuote.

Note that there could be multiple instances of frmHireQuote, it&#39;s obviously important that I get back to the instance that called this instance of frmImportContact.

What&#39;s the best method of doing this?


How to return a value from a Form in C#?

I have a website (MVC3), which for developement is hosted in IIS Express. (I&#39;ve run into a bug of Cassini Devserver and had to upgrade...)
Now, I&#39;m wondering, is it possible to let other machines on my local net (behind router) see the site as hosted on my machine? (e.g. If I write http://my.local.ip:port into a browser on the same LAN as I am will the page load?)

Using IIS Express to host a website (temporarily)

On MSDN I noticed a section about a `Portable Class Library`, under Version Information.

See `System.Object` for an example. http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.object.aspx

I did a brief Google search and couldn&#39;t find anything about the `Portable Class Library`. Does anyone here know what it is or where I could find more information about it?

What is a Portable Class Library?

I&#39;m using the following code in a footer in my _Layout.cshtml file to put the AssemblyInfo version data into the footer of every page in my MVC3 site.  However:

    @System.Reflection.Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().GetName().Version.ToString()

Just prints in the footer:

    Revision 0.0.0.0

When I modified the view to display all of the assembly info for the &quot;Executing Assembly&quot; using the following

    @System.Reflection.Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().GetName().ToString()

Which prints the following:

    Revision App_Web__layout.cshtml.639c3968.hlogy75x, Version=0.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=null

This shows that the &quot;Executing Assembly&quot; isn&#39;t my main app, it&#39;s the view itself.  

**How do I get the assembly information for the ACTUAL app, not just the individual views??**



Problem getting the AssemblyVersion into a web page using Razor /MVC3

What I want to do is change how a C# method executes when it is called, so that I can write something like this:

    [Distributed]
    public DTask&lt;bool&gt; Solve(int n, DEvent&lt;bool&gt; callback)
    {
        for (int m = 2; m &lt; n - 1; m += 1)
            if (m % n == 0)
                return false;
        return true;
    }

At run-time, I need to be able to analyse methods that have the Distributed attribute (which I already can do) and then insert code before the body of the function executes and after the function returns.  More importantly, I need to be able to do it without modifying code where Solve is called or at the start of the function (at compile time; doing so at run-time is the objective).

At the moment I have attempted this bit of code *(assume t is the type that Solve is stored in, and m is a MethodInfo of Solve)*:

    private void WrapMethod(Type t, MethodInfo m)
    {
        // Generate ILasm for delegate.
        byte[] il = typeof(Dpm).GetMethod(&quot;ReplacedSolve&quot;).GetMethodBody().GetILAsByteArray();

        // Pin the bytes in the garbage collection.
        GCHandle h = GCHandle.Alloc((object)il, GCHandleType.Pinned);
        IntPtr addr = h.AddrOfPinnedObject();
        int size = il.Length;

        // Swap the method.
        MethodRental.SwapMethodBody(t, m.MetadataToken, addr, size, MethodRental.JitImmediate);
    }

    public DTask&lt;bool&gt; ReplacedSolve(int n, DEvent&lt;bool&gt; callback)
    {
        Console.WriteLine(&quot;This was executed instead!&quot;);
        return true;
    }

However, MethodRental.SwapMethodBody only works on dynamic modules; not those that have already been compiled and stored in the assembly.

So I&#39;m looking for a way to effectively do SwapMethodBody on a **method that is already stored in a loaded and executing assembly**.

Note, it is not an issue if I have to completely copy the method into a dynamic module, but in this case I need to find a way to copy across the IL as well as update all of the calls to Solve() such that they would point to the new copy.

Dynamically replace the contents of a C# method?

How can I list all the assemblies that are in the GAC? Do I need a tool that makes it easy to view them?

How can I list all registered assemblies in GAC?

I consuming my service stack using EXE project (startup task for azure application) in that I have copied following service stack&#39;s DLL &amp; some Azure&#39;s DLLs in to EXE project.

![dlls][1]

When I build this EXE project then Azure DLLs will be bundled with my EXE but service stack&#39;s DLL will not be bundled with EXE, because to run my EXE on any machine I need to copy all service stack&#39;s DLL manually.

I have used this service stack&#39;s dll to use 

    JsonServiceClient client = new JsonServiceClient(servicepath);

What should I have to do to bundled all these DLLs in to my EXE?

  [1]: http://i.stack.imgur.com/KSQjg.png

How to merge multiple assemblies into one?

I&#39;ve seen this: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3007190/vsts-2010-sgen-error-could-not-load-file-or-assembly-exception-from-hresult and none of the answers work. It also doesn&#39;t appear when I build or anything. I can run the project fine, it happens when I try to add an entity framework templated controller:



![controller settings][1]


Then I get this error:

![error message][2]

All project files are on my network share because that is where My Documents resides for our work. Here is what I tried:

1) Turning Generator Serialization Assembly in project settings to on, off, and auto.

2) Adding sgen.exe.config to C:\Program Files\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\bin\NETFX 4.0 Tools with the following code:

    &lt;configuration&gt;
     &lt;runtime&gt;
       &lt;loadFromRemoteSources enabled=&quot;true&quot; /&gt;
     &lt;/runtime&gt;
    &lt;/configuration&gt;
3) Tried to unblock the assemblies, but I had no unblock option in the properties tab.
![no unblock option][3]


**None of these solutions work**. Does anyone have any idea how I can fix this???
This error occurs for any custom assembly from nuget or my own projects due to their location existing on the network space, but only when trying to add an EF templated controller. I can build and run the program fine.

  [1]: http://i.stack.imgur.com/dxupo.png
  [2]: http://i.stack.imgur.com/BA27O.png
  [3]: http://i.stack.imgur.com/fSyyR.png

Could not load file or assembly HRESULT: 0x80131515 (When adding controller to MVC project that has assembly references on network drive)

Please explain the difference between `x86`, `x32` and `x64`? Its a bit confusing when it comes to `x86` and `x32` because most of the time 32-bit programs run on x86... 

Difference between x86, x32, and x64 architectures?

When running a PowerShell script on a x64-bit OS platform, how can you determine _in the script_ what version of PowerShell (32-bit or 64-bit) the script is running on?  

**Background**  
Both 32-bit and 64-bit versions of PowerShell are installed by default on a 64-bit platform such as Windows Server 2008.  This can lead to difficulties when a PowerShell script is ran that must target a specific architecture (i.e. using 64-bit for a script for SharePoint 2010, in order to consume the 64-bit libraries).

Related question: 

 - [What is the best way to program against powershell&#39;s x64 vs. x86 variability?](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/602060/what-is-the-best-way-to-program-against-powershells-x64-vs-x86-variability) This question deals with code running against both 32-bit and 64-bit architectures.  My question deals with the case when you want to ensure the script only runs against the correct version.



Determine if current PowerShell Process is 32-bit or 64-bit?

I&#39;m trying to use 64 bit integers in C, but am getting mixed signals as to whether it should be possible.

When I execute the printf:

    printf(&quot;Size of long int:%d\nSize of long long int:%d\n\n&quot;,(int)sizeof(long int), (int)sizeof(long long int));

The response I get is:

Size of long int:4
Size of long long int:8

This makes me feel that a long long int has 8 bytes = 64 bits.

However, when I try to declare the following variables:

    long long int a2 = 0x00004444;
    long long int b2 = 0x000044440;
    long long int c2 = 0x0000444400;
    long long int d2 = 0x00004444000;
    long long int e2 = 0x000044440000;
    long long int f2 = 0x0000444400004;
    long long int g2 = 0x00004444000044;
    long long int h2 = 0x000044440000444;
    long long int i2 = 0x0000444400004444;

The last 4 variables (f2,g2,h2,i2) give me the error message:  

warning: integer constant is too large for ‘long’ type 

I get the same result when I replace &#39;long long int&#39; with &#39;int64_t&#39;. I assume &#39;int64_t&#39; was recognized, since it didn&#39;t generate any error messages of its own.

So, it appears my 8 byte long long int is really a 6 byte long long int, and I don&#39;t understand what I&#39;m missing here. If it&#39;s any help, here is the information on my gcc compiler:
 

    me@ubuntu:~$ gcc -v  
    Using built-in specs.  
    Target: i686-linux-gnu  
    Configured with: ../src/configure -v   
    --with-pkgversion=&#39;Ubuntu/Linaro 4.4.4-14ubuntu5&#39;  
    --with-bugurl=file:///usr/share/doc/gcc-4.4/README.Bugs   
    --enable-languages=c,c++,fortran,objc,obj-c++  
    --prefix=/usr   
    --program-suffix=-4.4   
    --enable-shared   
    --enable-multiarch   
    --enable-linker-build-id   
    --with-system-zlib   
    --libexecdir=/usr/lib   
    --without-included-gettext   
    --enable-threads=posix   
    --with-gxx-include-dir=/usr/include/c++/4.4   
    --libdir=/usr/lib   
    --enable-nls   
    --with-sysroot=/ -  
    -enable-clocale=gnu   
    --enable-libstdcxx-debug   
    --enable-objc-gc   
    --enable-targets=all 
    --disable-werror   
    --with-arch-32=i686   
    --with-tune=generic   
    --enable-checking=release   
    --build=i686-linux-gnu   
    --host=i686-linux-gnu   
    --target=i686-linux-gnu  
    Thread model: posix  
    gcc version 4.4.5 (Ubuntu/Linaro 4.4.4-14ubuntu5)   

If anyone knows how (or if) 64 bit integers are accessible to me, I&#39;d really appreciate any help. Thanks....







How to specify 64 bit integers in c

I have the following code:

    var str = &quot;0x4000000000000000&quot;;   //4611686018427387904 decimal
    var val = parseInt(str);
    alert(val);

I get this value: &quot;`4611686018427388000`&quot;, which is `0x4000000000000060`

I was wondering if JavaScript is mishandling 64-bit integers or am I doing something wrong?

Does JavaScript support 64-bit integers?

on x64 Windows 7 I am trying to get hello world MVC 3 website running as 64-bit process (so Environment.Is64BitProcess returns true on a page) using IIS Express 8 latest beta.  

IIS Express 7.5 is 32 bit but IIS Express 8 does support 64 bit (http://learn.iis.net/page.aspx/1266/iis-80-express-beta-readme/).  

Can&#39;t get any 64-bit love.  

Building AnyCpu returns Is64BitProcess false, building x64 gives &quot;An attempt was made to load a program with an incorrect format. &quot; as if it was trying to run as 32-bit process. 

 Experiments w/ renaming folders etc. suggest that &quot;**C:\Program Files (x86)\IIS Express**&quot; is only thing that is getting used, and &quot;**C:\Program Files\IIS Express&quot;** is being ignored by VS.  

How can I get VS to use the x64 IIS Express host?


Can&#39;t get IIS Express 8 beta to run website as 64-bit process

Is it possible to install both 32bit and 64bit Java on Windows 7?

I have some applications that I can run under 64bit, but there are some that only run under 32bit.

Is it possible to install both 32bit and 64bit Java on Windows 7?

We distribute in Linux a static lib in both 64-bit and 32-bit versions.  When troubleshooting a customer, I would like my diagnostic shell script to quickly eliminate the issue by checking the .a archive file to detetmine whether it is 32 or 64 bit.  The methods that occur to me are less than elegant:

1.  extract a .o member and ask the &quot;file&quot; command (e.g., ELF 32-bit etc)  

2.  start including a dummy member coded to indicate, e.g. 32bit.o/64bit.o and use &quot;ar -t&quot; to check

I have tried &quot;strings xyz.a | grep 32&quot; but this doesn&#39;t work well over versions.  Not a heartbreaker problem, but if you know of an elegant solution, I would like to know.


In LINUX determine if a .a library/archive 32-bit or 64-bit?

Sorry that there are many similar questions, but I do find that Googling for CMake queries always yields similar-but-not-the-same scenarios, conflicting CMake commands and so on!

I need to force my project to build 32-bit binaries because I have to link with a library which is only available as 32-bit.  I diagnosed this based on error messages such as:

    /usr/bin/ld: i386 architecture of input file `*external-32bit-lib*&#39; is incompatible with i386:x86-64 output

From what I gather, I should therefore use:

    set (CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS &quot;-m32&quot;)

This does change things - I now get several errors like:

    /usr/bin/ld: i386 architecture of input file `*project-output-lib*&#39; is incompatible with i386:x86-64 output

AND still get the same errors for the external library too.  I *think* this is because the `-m32` made gcc generate 32-bit binaries, but ld is still trying for 64-bit output?  Further Googling for this problem didn&#39;t give any success, so if anyone could verify that I am right and give the correct way of doing this, I would be very grateful!

Many thanks!

The proper way of forcing a 32-bit compile using CMake

Is there any tool that can directly test if a library is made for 32 or 64 bit?

Have a static lib, is there a simple way to know it is for 32 bit or 64 bit?

I want to detect whether the current Windows OS is 32-bit or 64-bit. How to achieve it using C++? I don&#39;t want processor type I want OS&#39;s bit type. This is because you can install 32-bit OS on 64-bit processor.



Content Type	Original Author	Original Content on Stackoverflow
Question	helloworld922	View Question on Stackoverflow
Solution 1 - .Net	Jaroslav Jandek	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 2 - .Net	Gilad	View Answer on Stackoverflow

C# compiling for 32/64 bit, or for any cpu?

.Net Problem Overview

.Net Solutions

Solution 1 - .Net

On a 32-bit machine:

On a 64-bit machine:

Solution 2 - .Net

PHP: Split string

How do I prevent an automerge using Git?

Attributions