Normally, there is **no suffix/prefix** used when naming abstract classes, unlike interfaces, which have the prefix &quot;I&quot;. Just give your class a name that describes what it is for, in a short precise way.

&gt; Are there a naming convention for abstract class ?

No, there are no conventions here. There are some *common* ways of denoting an abstract base class. The most common I&#39;ve seen is to use the suffix `Base`. Personally, I do not like this convention, and the [Framework guidelines](http://blogs.msdn.com/b/kcwalina/archive/2005/12/16/basesuffix.aspx) recommend against it.

&gt; And if there aren&#39;t what is the mains recommandations ?

A good, general name that describes what the class is modeling, just like any other class name. So `Shape` and then `Polygon` and then `RegularPolygon` so on.



If you hover over the first pencil, you can see the tooltip coming up but it&#39;s hidden.

How can I tell all tooltips to show up above everything else?

# Relevant code

    $(&#39;.nav-text&#39;).on(&#39;click&#39;, null, function () {
        alert(&#39;heyo&#39;);
    });
    $(&#39;.nav-text&#39;).tooltip({
        &#39;placement&#39;: &#39;right&#39;,
            &#39;title&#39;: &#39;heyo&#39;
    });

# Complete example

&lt;!-- begin snippet: js hide: true console: true babel: false --&gt;

&lt;!-- language: lang-js --&gt;

    $(&#39;.down&#39;).click(function() {
      var $move = $(&#39;.side-study-box ul&#39;);
      $move.css({
        top: &#39;-=20px&#39;
      })
    })

    $(&#39;.up&#39;).click(function() {
      var $move = $(&#39;.side-study-box ul&#39;);
      $move.css({
        top: &#39;+=20px&#39;
      })
    })


    $(&#39;.nav-text&#39;).on(&#39;click&#39;, null, function() {
      alert(&#39;heyo&#39;);
    });
    $(&#39;.nav-text&#39;).tooltip({
      &#39;placement&#39;: &#39;right&#39;,
      &#39;title&#39;: &#39;heyo&#39;
    });

&lt;!-- language: lang-css --&gt;

    .side-study-box {
      background-color: white;
      color: black;
      border: 1px solid #3D6AA2;
      text-align: center;
      height: 160px;
      display: table !important;
      margin: 0px !important;
      margin-left: -1px !important;
    }

    .side-study-box .viewport {
      height: 120px;
      overflow: hidden;
      position: relative;
    }

    .side-study-box span {
      position: relative;
      width: 100%;
      font-size: 24px;
      display: table-cell;
      vertical-align: middle;
    }

    .side-study-box textarea {
      position: relative;
      height: 195px;
      -webkit-box-sizing: border-box;
      -moz-box-sizing: border-box;
      box-sizing: border-box;
      width: 100%;
      margin: auto;
      font-size: 18px;
      font-family: Consolas, Monaco, Lucida Console, Liberation Mono, DejaVu Sans Mono, Bitstream Vera Sans Mono, Courier New;
      display: table-cell;
      vertical-align: middle;
      resize: none;
    }

    .side-study-box i {
      margin: 0px !important;
      padding-right: 1px;
    }

    .side-study-box .side-box-menu {
      border-right: 1px solid #335987;
      width: 28px;
      text-align: center;
      height: 100%;
    }

    .side-box-menu-nav {
      display: inline-block;
      cursor: pointer;
      text-decoration: none !important;
      margin: 0px;
      width: 100%;
      background-color: #3D6AA2;
      color: white;
    }

    .side-box-menu-nav:hover {
      background-color: #335987 !important;
      color: white !important;
    }

    .side-study-box ul {
      list-style-type: none;
      margin: 0px;
      margin-left: -1px !important;
      padding: 0px;
      padding-right: 2px;
      height: 100%;
      color: #335987;
      position: absolute;
      top: 0;
    }

    .side-study-box ul li {
      margin: 0px;
    }

    .side-study-box ul li :hover {
      color: black;
    }

    .side-study-box ul li a {
      padding-left: 3px;
      cursor: pointer;
      text-decoration: none;
      display: inline-block;
      margin: 0px;
      color: gray;
    }

    .side-study-box ul li a .side-box-menu-control {
      padding-top: 3px;
      height: 23px;
    }

&lt;!-- language: lang-html --&gt;

    &lt;link rel=&quot;stylesheet&quot; href=&quot;https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/twitter-bootstrap/2.3.1/css/bootstrap.min.css&quot; /&gt;
    &lt;script src=&quot;https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js&quot;&gt;&lt;/script&gt;
    &lt;script src=&quot;https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/twitter-bootstrap/2.3.1/js/bootstrap.min.js&quot;&gt;&lt;/script&gt;

    &lt;div class=&quot;span4 side-study-box&quot;&gt;
      &lt;div class=&quot;side-box-menu&quot;&gt; &lt;a class=&quot;side-box-menu-nav up&quot;&gt;&lt;i class=&quot;icon-chevron-up icon-white&quot;&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt;

        &lt;div class=&#39;viewport&#39;&gt;
          &lt;ul&gt;
            &lt;li&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;side-box-menu-control&quot;&gt;&lt;i class=&quot;icon-facetime-video &quot;&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt;

            &lt;/li&gt;
            &lt;li&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;side-box-menu-control&quot;&gt;&lt;i class=&quot;icon-picture&quot;&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt;

            &lt;/li&gt;
            &lt;li&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;side-box-menu-control&quot;&gt;&lt;i class=&quot;icon-headphones &quot;&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt;

            &lt;/li&gt;
            &lt;li&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;side-box-menu-control nav-text&quot;&gt;&lt;i class=&quot;icon-pencil &quot;&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt;

            &lt;/li&gt;
            &lt;li&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;side-box-menu-control&quot;&gt;&lt;i class=&quot;icon-pencil &quot;&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt;

            &lt;/li&gt;
            &lt;li&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;side-box-menu-control&quot;&gt;&lt;i class=&quot;icon-pencil &quot;&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt;

            &lt;/li&gt;
            &lt;li&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;side-box-menu-control&quot;&gt;&lt;i class=&quot;icon-pencil &quot;&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt;

            &lt;/li&gt;
            &lt;li&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;side-box-menu-control&quot;&gt;&lt;i class=&quot;icon-hdd&quot;&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt;

            &lt;/li&gt;
            &lt;li&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;side-box-menu-control&quot;&gt;&lt;i class=&quot;icon-hdd&quot;&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt;

            &lt;/li&gt;
            &lt;li&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;side-box-menu-control&quot;&gt;&lt;i class=&quot;icon-hdd&quot;&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt;

            &lt;/li&gt;
          &lt;/ul&gt;
        &lt;/div&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;side-box-menu-nav down&quot;&gt;&lt;i class=&quot;icon-chevron-down icon-white&quot;&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt;
      &lt;/div&gt;
    &lt;/div&gt;

&lt;!-- end snippet --&gt;



Bootstrap Tooltip working but hidden due to z-index?

I was trying to download a file from a bucket on Amazon S3. I was wondering if I can write a javascript to download such a file from a bucket. I was googling it, but couldn&#39;t find any resources that can help me do that.

Some steps in mind are: authenticate Amazon S3, then by providing bucket name, and file(key), download or read the file so that I can be able to display the data in the file.

Thanks,

Javascript to download a file from amazon s3 bucket?

In C#, the interface naming convention is `I&lt;myInterfaceName&gt;` (ex: `IList`). 

Are there any naming conventions for abstract classes?

If there aren&#39;t, what are the main recommendations?

C# abstract class naming convention

In C#, the interface naming convention is <code>I&#x3C;myInterfaceName></code> (ex: <code>IList</code>).
Are there any naming conventions for abstract classes?
If there aren't, what are the main recommendations?

Is there a shorter way of writing something like this:
&lt;!-- language-all: lang-cs --&gt;

    if(x==1 || x==2 || x==3) // do something

What I&#39;m looking for is something like this:

    if(x.in((1,2,3)) // do something

Check if a variable is in an ad-hoc list of values

I need to call a controller B action FileUploadMsgView  from Controller A and need to pass a parameter for it.

Its not going to the controller B&#39;s `FileUploadMsgView()`.

Here&#39;s the code:

ControllerA:

    private void Test()
    {
        try
        {   //some codes here
            ViewBag.FileUploadMsg = &quot;File uploaded successfully.&quot;;
            ViewBag.FileUploadFlag = &quot;2&quot;;
            RedirectToAction(&quot;B&quot;, &quot;FileUploadMsgView&quot;, new { FileUploadMsg = &quot;File   uploaded successfully&quot; });
        }
    }

ControllerB (receiving part):

    public ActionResult FileUploadMsgView(string FileUploadMsg)
    {
        return View();
    }




How to call another controller Action From a controller in Mvc

So I a label here (&quot;&quot;). When the button (button1) is clicked, the label text turns into &quot;Test&quot;. After 2 seconds, the text is set back into &quot;&quot;. I made this work with a timer (which has an interval of 2000):

    private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        label1.Text = &quot;Test&quot;;
        timer.Enabled = true;
    }
    
    private void timer_Tick(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        label1.Text = &quot;&quot;;
    }

This works; however though, I am curious about making it work in an async method.

My code looks like this currently:

    private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        label1.Text = &quot;Test&quot;;
        MyAsyncMethod();
    }
    
    public async Task MyAsyncMethod()
    {
        await Task.Delay(2000);
        label1.Text = &quot;&quot;;
    }

This doesn&#39;t work though.

Using async to sleep in a thread without freezing

According [this][1] thread, we can log the generated `SQL` via `EF`, but what about `DbContext.SaveChanges()`? Is there any easy way to do this job without any extra frameworks?


  [1]: https://stackoverflow.com/a/1412902/1594487

How can I log the generated SQL from DbContext.SaveChanges() in my Program?

Ok, so I am trying to send POST commands over an http connection, and using JSON formatting to do so.  I am writing the program to do this in C#, and was wondering how I would format an array of values to be passed as JSON to the server.  

Currently I have this:

`new {name = &quot;command&quot; , index = &quot;X&quot;, optional = &quot;0&quot;}`

Which translates to this in JSON:

    &quot;name&quot;: &quot;command&quot;,
    &quot;index&quot;: &quot;X&quot;,
    &quot;optional&quot;: &quot;0&quot;

And I want to make an array, called items, where each element contains these three values.  So it would essentially be an array of objects, in which the object contains a name, an index, and an optional field.



My guess was that it would be something along the lines of this:

    new {items = [(name = &quot;command&quot; , index = &quot;X&quot;, optional = &quot;0&quot;), 
                  (name = &quot;status&quot; , index = &quot;X&quot;, optional = &quot;0&quot;)]}

Which, if it were correct syntax, would translate to this in JSON:

    &quot;items&quot;: 
    [
        {
            &quot;name&quot;: &quot;command&quot;,
            &quot;index&quot;: &quot;X&quot;,
            &quot;optional&quot;: &quot;0&quot;
        },
        {
            &quot;name&quot;: &quot;status&quot;,
            &quot;index&quot;: &quot;X&quot;,
            &quot;optional&quot;: &quot;0&quot;
        }
    ]

But, evidently I&#39;m doing it wrong.  Ideas?  Any help is appreciated.

Creating a JSON array in C#

I have installed MS SQL Server 2008 R2 and when I try to update model from database under EDMX file I am facing that error.

&gt; Could not load file or assembly Microsoft.SqlServer.management.sdk.sfc
&gt; version 11.0.0.0

I  have tried to install Microsoft SQL Server 2008 R2 Shared Management Objects [from here][1] but no joy.


  [1]: http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/confirmation.aspx?id=16978

Could not load file or assembly Microsoft.SqlServer.management.sdk.sfc version 11.0.0.0

I was wondering why nuget added the following code to my applications `app.config` file, after installing the `Microsoft.Bcl.Async`:

	&lt;runtime&gt;
		&lt;assemblyBinding xmlns=&quot;urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1&quot;&gt;
			&lt;dependentAssembly&gt;
				&lt;assemblyIdentity name=&quot;System.Runtime&quot; publicKeyToken=&quot;b03f5f7f11d50a3a&quot; culture=&quot;neutral&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;bindingRedirect oldVersion=&quot;0.0.0.0-2.5.19.0&quot; newVersion=&quot;2.5.19.0&quot; /&gt;
			&lt;/dependentAssembly&gt;
			&lt;dependentAssembly&gt;
				&lt;assemblyIdentity name=&quot;System.Threading.Tasks&quot; publicKeyToken=&quot;b03f5f7f11d50a3a&quot; culture=&quot;neutral&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;bindingRedirect oldVersion=&quot;0.0.0.0-2.5.19.0&quot; newVersion=&quot;2.5.19.0&quot; /&gt;
			&lt;/dependentAssembly&gt;
		&lt;/assemblyBinding&gt;
	&lt;/runtime&gt;

If I remove this XML-element from the config, the app will not work properly.

As far as I understand it, we can use the `bindingRedirect` to make the app load a newer or older version of an assembly in case the version we were using when compiling the EXE is gone.  
However I am using exactly the version `2.5.19.0`, why would I need a redirect then?

![the version of my dll][1]

***Why* do I need this `bindingRedirect`?**

  [1]: http://i.stack.imgur.com/t7cne.png

Why is a &quot;bindingRedirect&quot; added to the app.config file after adding the Microsoft.Bcl.Async package?

I have method with HashSet&lt;string&gt; parameter. And I need to do case-insensitive Contains within it:

    public void DoSomething(HashSet&lt;string&gt; set, string item)
    {
        var x = set.Contains(item);
        ... 
    }

Is it any way to make existing HashSet case-insensitive (do not create new one)?

I&#39;m looking for solution with best perfomance.

**Edit**

Contains can be called multiple times. So IEnumerable&lt;T&gt; extensions are not acceptable for me due to lower perfomance than native HashSet Contains method.

**Solution**

Since, answer to my question is NO, it is impossible, I&#39;ve created and used following method:

    public HashSet&lt;string&gt; EnsureCaseInsensitive(HashSet&lt;string&gt; set)
    {
        return set.Comparer == StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase
               ? set
               : new HashSet&lt;string&gt;(set, StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
    }


Make HashSet&lt;string&gt; case-insensitive

I have an ASP.NET (Webforms) working with .Net Framework 4.0.

If I deploy that site with `osFamily=&quot;1&quot;` (on a Windows 2008 server) the `.NET CLR` takes `120 ms` average (according to NewRelic logs). 

If I take the exact site and I deploy it with `osFamily=&quot;3&quot;` (on  a Windows 2012 server) the `.NET CLR` takes more than `500 ms`.

I know I should move to `MVC4` and perhaps `.Net Framework 4.5`, but I would like to know if anyone else has had the same problem and if you know what could be causing this?

![enter image description here][1]


  [1]: http://i.stack.imgur.com/GFtvS.png

**Edit**

Looks like `osFamily=2` also has the same problem.

Why is Azure deployment slower on Windows 2012 Server than on Windows 2008 Server

I recently came across a problem that I was having using C#, and it was solved by setting a private member using [reflection][1].

I was stunned to find out that setting a private member/field and also running a private method are things that are allowed and possible in C#. This is not a question of how to do these things, they are well documented, my question is: why?

If you set a field/member/method as private/internal, why would C# as a language allow these fields to be set outside the scope? I would think that this would throw an exception of some kind. If the class wanted them to be changed or set wouldn&#39;t there be a method or a constructor?

  [1]: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reflection_%28computer_programming%29


Why is it even possible to change a private member, or run a private method in C# using reflection?

We were discussing with our coworkers on what it means if the method name starts with &quot;Try&quot;.

There were the following opinions:

- Use &quot;Try&quot; when the method can return a null value.
- Use &quot;Try&quot; when the method will not throw an exception.

What is the official definition? What does &quot;Try&quot; say in the method name? **Is there some official guideline about this?**


When is &quot;Try&quot; supposed to be used in C# method names?

What are the naming conventions for files and folders in a large Node.js project?

Should I capitalize, camelCase, or under-score?

Ie. is this considered valid?

    project-name
        app
            controllers
                someThings.js
                users.js
            models
                    someThing.js
                    user.js
            views
                some-things
                    index.jade
                users
                    logIn.jade
                    signUp.jade
        ...

Node.js project naming conventions for files &amp; folders

I have seen multiple contradicting definitions on various git flow related websites. Is there an official recommendation or single source of truth?

Branches: `release-1.2.3` or `release-v1.2.3`

Tags: `1.2.3` or `v1.2.3`

Git flow release branches and tags - with or without &quot;v&quot; prefix

I&#39;m still getting used to Python conventions and using Pylint to make my code more Pythonic, but I&#39;m puzzled by the fact that Pylint doesn&#39;t like single character variable names. I have a few loops like this:

    for x in x_values:
       my_list.append(x)

and when I run `pylint`, I&#39;m getting `Invalid name &quot;x&quot; for type variable (should match [a-z_][a-z0-9_]{2,30}` -- that suggests that a valid variable name must be between 3 and 31 characters long, but I&#39;ve looked through the [PEP8 naming conventions][1] and I don&#39;t see anything explicit regarding single lower case letters, and I do see a lot of examples that use them.

Is there something I&#39;m missing in PEP8 or is this a standard that is unique to Pylint?

  [1]: http://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0008/#naming-conventions



Why does Pylint object to single-character variable names?

I read them on [YAML-wikipedia][1] but not really understood the main difference between them. I saw there are someone using `.yaml` extension, however, **Symfony2** use `.yml` extension. 

**YAML** is a human-readable data serialization format that takes concepts from programming languages such as C, Perl, and Python, and ideas from XML and the data format of electronic mail.

**YAML** is a recursive acronym for &quot;YAML Ain&#39;t Markup Language&quot;. Early in its development, YAML was said to mean &quot;Yet Another Markup Language&quot;,[3] but it was then reinterpreted (backronyming the original acronym) to distinguish its purpose as data-oriented, rather than document markup.

So, how exactly the different between `.yaml` and `.yml`? When should we prefer one over the other?

 


  [1]: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YAML

Content Type	Original Author	Original Content on Stackoverflow
Question	binard	View Question on Stackoverflow
Solution 1 - C#	bpoiss	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 2 - C#	jason	View Answer on Stackoverflow

C# abstract class naming convention

C# Problem Overview

C# Solutions

Solution 1 - C#

Solution 2 - C#

Javascript to download a file from amazon s3 bucket?

Bootstrap Tooltip working but hidden due to z-index?

Attributions