Add attributes to the model of all controllers in Spring 3

Every single view in my Spring 3 app has a set of attributes they can rely on. So the first line of every controller is something like:

ControllerHelper.addDefaultModel(model, personManager, request);

In there I'll add

• user object and full name retrieved from the database if person is logged in
• set of variables which are typically set once (e.g. imagesHost)
• set of languages a visitor can switch to
• current language
• some statistics (e.g. total # of people in our system)

This all allows each view to display the logged in user's name, easily reference an image location, a list of languages and some overall stats about the site.

So the question is, is the controller model object the best place to store all the data or is there a more convenient place which makes it just as easy for views to access this info?

And secondly, I'd REALLY love not to have to have the ControllerHelper line above as the first line in every controller. It's actually not always the first line, sometimes I first check if I need to redirect in that controller, because I don't want to waste resources filling the model for no reason. Maybe a filter or annotation or some Spring callback mechanism could make sure the ControllerHelper code is called after the controller is finished but right before the view is rendered, skipping this if a redirect was returned?

You could write an org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor. (or its convenience subclass HandlerInterceptorAdapter)

@See: Spring Reference chapter: 15.4.1 Intercepting requests - the HandlerInterceptor interface

It has the method:

void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request,
                HttpServletResponse response,
                Object handler,
                ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception;

This method is invoked after the controller is done and before the view is rendered. So you can use it, to add some properties to the ModelMap

An example:

/**
 * Add the current version under name {@link #VERSION_MODEL_ATTRIBUTE_NAME}
 * to each model. 
 * @author Ralph
 */
public class VersionAddingHandlerInterceptor extends HandlerInterceptorAdapter {

    /**
     * The name under which the version is added to the model map.
     */
    public static final String VERSION_MODEL_ATTRIBUTE_NAME =
                "VersionAddingHandlerInterceptor_version";

    /**        
     *  it is my personal implmentation 
     *  I wanted to demonstrate something usefull
     */
    private VersionService versionService;

    public VersionAddingHandlerInterceptor(final VersionService versionService) {
        this.versionService = versionService;
    }

    @Override
    public void postHandle(final HttpServletRequest request,
            final HttpServletResponse response, final Object handler,
            final ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {

        if (modelAndView != null) {
            modelAndView.getModelMap().
                  addAttribute(VERSION_MODEL_ATTRIBUTE_NAME,
                               versionService.getVersion());
        }
    }
}

webmvc-config.xml

<mvc:interceptors>
    <bean class="demo.VersionAddingHandlerInterceptor" autowire="constructor" />
</mvc:interceptors>

You can also use @ModelAttribute on methods e.g.

@ModelAttribute("version")
public String getVersion() {
   return versionService.getVersion();
}

This will add it for all request mappings in a controller. If you put this in a super class then it could be available to all controllers that extend it.

You could use a Controller Class annotated with @ControllerAdvice

"@ControllerAdvice was introduced in 3.2 for @ExceptionHandler, @ModelAttribute, and @InitBinder methods shared across all or a subset of controllers."

for some info about it have a look at this part of the video recorded during SpringOne2GX 2014 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yxKJsgNYDQI&t=6m33s

like @blank answer this work for me:

@ControllerAdvice(annotations = RestController.class)
public class AnnotationAdvice {

    @Autowired
    UserServiceImpl userService;

    @ModelAttribute("currentUser")
    public User getCurrentUser() {
       UserDetails userDetails = (UserDetails) 
       SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication().getPrincipal();
       return userService.findUserByEmail(userDetails.getUsername());
}
}

There is one issue that occurs with redirection when using @ModelAttribute or HandlerInterceptor approach. When the handler returns Redirect view, the model attributes added this way are appended as query parameters.

Another way to handle this situation is to create session-scoped bean, that can be autowired in base application controller, or explicitelly in every controller where access is needed.

Details about available scopes and usage can be found here.

if you need add some global variables that every view can resolve these variables， why not define into a properties or map？ then use spring DI， refer to the view resolver bean. it is very useful,such as static veriable, e.g. resUrl

<property name="viewResolvers">
		<list>
			<bean
		class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
				<property name="viewClass"
					value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
				<property name="attributes" ref="env" />
				<property name="exposeContextBeansAsAttributes" value="false" />
				<property name="prefix" value="${webmvc.view.prefix}" />
				<property name="suffix" value="${webmvc.view.suffix}" />
			</bean>
		</list>
	</property>